The growing field of digital psychiatry: current evidence and the future of apps, social media, chatbots, and virtual reality

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 318 - 335

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

As the COVID‐19 pandemic has largely increased utilization of telehealth, mobile mental health technologies – such as smartphone apps, vir­tual reality, chatbots, and social media have also gained attention. These digital offer potential accessible scalable interventions that can augment traditional care. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive update on overall field psychiatry, covering three areas. First, outline relevance recent technological advances to research care, by detailing how smartphones, media, artificial intelligence virtual reality present new opportunities for “digital phenotyping” remote intervention. Second, review current evidence use these approaches across different contexts, their emerging efficacy in self‐management psychological well‐being early intervention, along with more nascent supporting clinical management long‐term psychiatric conditions including major depression; anxiety, bipolar psychotic disorders; eating substance disorders well child adolescent Third, discuss most pressing challenges towards real‐world implementation, using Integrated Promoting Action Research Implementation Health Services (i‐PARIHS) framework explain innovations themselves, recipients innovations, context surrounding all must be considered facilitate adoption care systems. We conclude capabilities intelligence, are already changing unforeseen exciting ways, each accompanied an but promising base. point out further efforts strengthening implementation needed, detail key issues at patient, provider policy levels which now addressed truly improve treatment future.

Language: Английский

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Engagement in digital interventions.

American Psychologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 77(7), P. 836 - 852

Published: March 17, 2022

The notion of "engagement," which plays an important role in various domains psychology, is gaining increased currency as a concept that critical to the success digital interventions. However, engagement remains ill-defined construct, with different fields generating their own domain-specific definitions. Moreover, given interactions real-world settings are characterized by multiple demands and choice alternatives competing for individual's effort attention, they involve fast often impulsive decision-making. Prior research seeking uncover mechanisms underlying has nonetheless focused mainly on psychological factors social influences neglected account neural shape individual choices. This article aims integrate theories empirical evidence across define discuss opportunities challenges promote effective We also propose affect-integration-motivation attention-context-translation (AIM-ACT) framework, based neurophysiological engagement, shed new light how in-the-moment unfolds response stimulus. Building this we provide recommendations designing strategies interventions highlight directions future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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Providing Human Support for the Use of Digital Mental Health Interventions: Systematic Meta-review

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25, P. e42864 - e42864

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Background Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) have been increasingly deployed to bridge gaps in care, particularly given their promising efficacy. Nevertheless, attrition among DMHI users remains high. In response, human support has studied as a means of improving retention and outcomes DMHIs. Although growing number studies meta-analyses investigated the effects for DMHIs on outcomes, systematic empirical evidence its effectiveness across domains scant. Objective We aimed summarize results versus no use various outcome domains, participant samples, providers. Methods conducted meta-review meta-analyses, comparing with those use, goal qualitatively summarizing data used MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO electronic databases. Articles were included if study had quantitative meta-analysis design; intervention targeted symptoms was delivered via technology platform (excluding person-delivered mediated through telehealth, text messages, or social media); variables such anxiety, depression, stress, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, these together; comparisons which when minimal provided. Results The 31 (505 unique primary studies) analyzed. reported 45 effect sizes; almost half (n=22, 48%) them showed that human-supported significantly more effective than unsupported A total 9% (4/45) sizes effective. No clear patterns emerged regarding efficacy assessed (including disorder, multiple outcomes). Human-supported may be individuals elevated symptoms. There type training providing support. Conclusions Our findings highlight potential Specifically, stronger greater symptom severity. considerable heterogeneity level detail nature interventions, population served, delivered, making it difficult draw strong conclusions circumstances under is most Future research should emphasize reporting detailed descriptions sample characteristics describe mechanism they believe coach will useful DMHI.

Language: Английский

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State of the Science: Using Digital Mental Health Interventions to Extend the Impact of Psychological Services

Behavior Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 55(6), P. 1364 - 1379

Published: April 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Remote mental health care interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic: An umbrella review

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 104226 - 104226

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Mitigating the COVID-19 related disruptions in mental health care services is crucial a time of increased disorders. Numerous reviews have been conducted on process implementing technology-based during pandemic. The research question this umbrella review was to examine what impact access and delivery how changed A systematic search for meta-analyses up August 12, 2022, 38 were identified. Main reduced outpatient admissions earlier discharge from inpatient care. In response, synchronous telemental tools such as videoconferencing used provide remote similar pre-COVID care, lesser extent asynchronous virtual apps. Implementation facilitated by time-efficiency flexibility pandemic but there lack accessibility specific vulnerable populations. barriers among practitioners patients use digital poor technological literacy, particularly when preexisting inequalities existed, beliefs about therapeutic alliance case severe Absence organizational support implementation interventions due inadequate IT infrastructure, funding, well privacy safety, challenged COVID-19. Reviews low moderate quality, covered heterogeneously designed primary studies lacked findings low- middle-income countries. These gaps evidence prevalent early This shows that pandemic, institutions mainly tools, degree enable continued patients. these identified, call further improvements. addition, more high quality into comparative effectiveness working mechanisms may improve scalability general future infectious disease outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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Addressing mental health stigma in low-income and middle-income countries: A new frontier for digital mental health

Ethics Medicine and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19, P. 100719 - 100719

Published: Sept. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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“It happened to be the perfect thing”: experiences of generative AI chatbots for mental health

npj Mental Health Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Oct. 27, 2024

Abstract The global mental health crisis underscores the need for accessible, effective interventions. Chatbots based on generative artificial intelligence (AI), like ChatGPT, are emerging as novel solutions, but research real-life usage is limited. We interviewed nineteen individuals about their experiences using AI chatbots health. Participants reported high engagement and positive impacts, including better relationships healing from trauma loss. developed four themes: (1) a sense of ‘ emotional sanctuary’ , (2) insightful guidance’ particularly relationships, (3) joy connection ’, (4) comparisons between therapist ’ human therapy. Some themes echoed prior rule-based chatbots, while others seemed to AI. emphasised safety guardrails, human-like memory ability lead therapeutic process. Generative may offer support that feels meaningful users, further needed effectiveness.

Language: Английский

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Expanding the reach of psychological science through implementation science: Introduction to the special issue.

American Psychologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 75(8), P. 1033 - 1037

Published: Nov. 1, 2020

Implementation science is the study of methods to promote systematic uptake effective practices into routine care settings with broad goal ensuring that scientific discoveries realize their potential and improve people's lives. As a field, implementation includes three primary foci: (a) understanding context in which individuals will implement have strong, established evidence base; (b) developing approaches target factors may accelerate or hinder implementation; (c) conducting pragmatic trials test these approaches. Psychological has contributed substantially knowledge used science. In medicine public health, contributions been leveraged facilitate screening prevention programs, hand hygiene reduce infection transmission, many medical innovations. behavioral health settings, often focused on specific forms psychotherapy, emphasis evidence-based psychological are highlighted treatment guidelines. This article provides an overview bidirectional relationship between science, illustrated through articles this special issue American Psychologist. It concludes recommendations for future research at intersection (PsycInfo Database Record 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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Is There an App for That? A Review of Popular Apps for Depression, Anxiety, and Well-Being

Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 883 - 901

Published: Oct. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the Use of Digital Mental Health Platforms and Interventions: Scoping Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 362 - 362

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

The increasing use of digital mental health (DMH) platforms and interventions (DMHIs) is hindered by uncertainty over effectiveness, quality usability. There a need to identify the types available evidence in this domain. This study scoping review identifying evaluation (1) DMH platform/s used; (2) DMHI/s applied on platform/s. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses extension Scoping (PRISMA-ScR) guided process. Empirical studies that focused application were included from journal articles (published 2012-2022). A literature search was conducted using four electronic databases (Scopus, ScienceDirect, Sage ACM Digital Library) two engines (PubMed Google Scholar). total 6874 nonduplicate records identified, which 144 analyzed 22 met inclusion criteria. general/unspecified and/or suicidality indications (n = 9, 40.9%), followed depression 5, 22.7%), psychosis 3, 13.6%), anxiety 2, 9.1%), as well anxiety, 1, 4.5%), loneliness addiction 4.5%). 11 qualitative (50%), 8 quantitative (36.4%), 3 mixed-methods 13.6%). results contained evaluated DMHI/s. feasibility, usability, engagement, acceptability effectiveness. small amount significant (1 each 11), notably (cost-)effectiveness DMHI with long-term impact adults. empirical research demonstrates feasibility DMHIs. To date, there mostly heterogeneous, preliminary their However, scalable reported effectiveness treating adults' depression. scope may be widened through targeted strategies, example engaging independent young people.

Language: Английский

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