Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 3346 - 3346

Published: March 20, 2022

Atherosclerosis is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which leading cause of mortality worldwide. initiated by endothelium activation and, followed a cascade events (accumulation lipids, fibrous elements, and calcification), triggers vessel narrowing inflammatory pathways. The resultant atheroma plaque, along with these processes, results in complications. This review focuses on different stages atherosclerosis development, ranging from endothelial dysfunction to plaque rupture. In addition, post-transcriptional regulation modulation microRNAs lncRNAs, role microbiota, importance sex as crucial are covered here order provide global view disease.

Language: Английский

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The novel regulatory role of lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA axis in cardiovascular diseases

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 22(12), P. 5768 - 5775

Published: Sept. 6, 2018

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are longer than 200 nt in length that characterized by low levels of sequence conservation and expression; lncRNAs modulate various biological functions at epigenetic, transcriptional post-transcriptional levels, or directly regulate protein activity. As a family small evolutionarily conserved RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) capable regulating physiological pathological processes via inhibiting target mRNA translation promoting degradation. A number studies have confirmed both miRNAs closely associated with the development cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as cardiac remodelling, heart failure, myocardial injury arrhythmia, they act biomarkers, potential therapeutic targets strong indicators prognosis; however, underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. Recently, emerging evidence showed novel regulatory crosstalk among lncRNAs, mRNAs plays pivotal role pathophysiological CVDs response to stress stimuli. In this review, I comprehensively summarized relationship highlighted important lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA axis CVDs.

Language: Английский

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Silencing Of Circular RNA-ZNF609 Ameliorates Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(11), P. 2863 - 2877

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

Vascular dysfunction is a hallmark of ischemic, cancer, and inflammatory diseases, contributing to disease progression. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNAs, which have been reported be abnormally expressed in many human diseases. In this study, we used retinal vasculature determine the role circular RNA vascular dysfunction. We revealed that cZNF609 was significantly up-regulated upon high glucose hypoxia stress vivo vitro. silencing decreased vessel loss suppressed pathological angiogenesis vivo. increased endothelial cell migration tube formation, protected against oxidative By contrast, transgenic overexpression showed an opposite effects. acted as miR-615-5p sponge sequester inhibit activity, led MEF2A expression. could rescue silencing-mediated effects on migration, apoptosis. Moreover, dysregulated expression detected clinical samples patients with diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease. Intervention promising therapy for

Language: Английский

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H19 knockdown suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis by regulating miR-148b/WNT/β-catenin in ox-LDL -stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells

Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2018

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as critical regulators in the development of atherosclerosis (AS). Here, we focused on discussing roles and molecular mechanisms lncRNA H19 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) progression.RT-qPCR assay was used to detect expression patterns miR-148b clinical samples cells. Cell proliferative ability evaluated by CCK-8 colony formation assays. apoptotic capacity assessed cell percentage caspase-3 activity. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were employed demonstrate relationship among H19, wnt family member 1 (WNT1). Western blot performed determine expressions proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), ki-67, Bax, Bcl-2, WNT1, β-catenin, C-myc E-cadherin.The level increased decreased human AS patient serums oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-stimulated aorta (HA-VSMCs). knockdown suppressed proliferation promoted apoptosis HA-VSMCs following treatment ox-LDL. inhibited direct interaction. Moreover, inhibitor could reverse effects depletion ox-LDL-stimulated HA-VSMCs. Further mechanical explorations showed that WNT1 a target acted competing endogenous (ceRNA) enhance expression. Furthermore, miR-148 exerted its pro-proliferation anti-apoptosis through activating WNT/β-catenin signaling HA-VSMCs.H19 facilitated modulating pathway via HA-VSMCs, implicating potential values therapy.

Language: Английский

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Angio-LncRs: LncRNAs that regulate angiogenesis and vascular disease

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(13), P. 3654 - 3675

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a large subgroup of that are longer than 200 nucleotides and have no apparent protein coding potential.They diverse functions in different biological processes by regulating chromatin remodeling or translation.This review summarizes the recent progress lncRNAs angiogenesis vascular diseases.A general overview lncRNA functional mechanisms will be introduced.A list lncRNAs, which termed "Angio-LncRs", including MALAT1, MANTIS, PUNISHER, MEG3, MIAT, SENCR GATA6-AS, discussed regarding their expression, regulation, function mechanism action angiogenesis.Implications diseases, such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, retinopathies tumor also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Linking a role of lncRNAs (long non-coding RNAs) with insulin resistance, accelerated senescence, and inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes

Human Genomics, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Aug. 23, 2018

Studying epigenetics is expected to provide precious information on how environmental factors contribute type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at the genomic level. With progress of whole-genome resequencing efforts, it now known that 75-90% human genome was transcribed generate a series long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). While lncRNAs are gaining widespread attention as potential and robust biomarkers in genesis well progression several disease states, their clinical relevance regulatory mechanisms yet be explored field metabolic disorders including diabetes. Despite fact Asian Indians highly insulin resistant more prone develop T2DM associated vascular complications, there virtually lack data role setting. Therefore, we sought evaluate panel senescence-inflammation signatures peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with (T2DM; n = 30) compared individuals normal glucose tolerance (NGT; 32).Compared control subjects, expression levels PBMCs showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased HOTAIR, MEG3, LET, MALAT1, MIAT, CDKN2BAS1/ANRIL, XIST, PANDA, GAS5, Linc-p21, ENST00000550337.1, PLUTO, NBR2. In contrast, lncRNA patterns THRIL SALRNA1 were decreased subjects. At transcriptional level, senescence markers (p53, p21, p16, β-galactosidase), proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL6, MCP1, IL1-β), epigenetic signature histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) elevated Interestingly, mRNA Sirt1 telomere length Majority altered positively correlated poor glycemic control, resistance, senescence, inflammation, HDAC3 negatively length. Logistic regression analysis revealed significant association T2DM, but this lost after adjusting for resistance (HOMA-IR) markers.Our study provides clinically relevant evidence accelerated cellular inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Atherosclerosis and Inflammation: Insights from the Theory of General Pathological Processes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 7910 - 7910

Published: April 26, 2023

Recent advances have greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind atherosclerosis pathogenesis. However, there is still a need to systematize this data from general pathology perspective, particularly with regard atherogenesis patterns in context both canonical and non-classical inflammation types. In review, we analyze various typical phenomena outcomes cellular pro-inflammatory stress atherosclerosis, as well role endothelial dysfunction local systemic manifestations low-grade inflammation. We also present features immune development productive stable unstable plaques, along their similarities differences compared There are numerous factors that act inducers inflammatory process including vascular endothelium aging, metabolic dysfunctions, autoimmune, some cases, infectious damage factors. Life-critical complications such cardiogenic shock severe strokes, associated acute hyperinflammation. Additionally, critical atherosclerotic ischemia lower extremities induces paracoagulation chronic Conversely, sepsis, other conditions, diseases contribute atherogenesis. summary, can be characterized an independent form inflammation, sharing but having fundamental variants (classic vasculitis).

Language: Английский

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LncRNAs in vascular biology and disease

Vascular Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 114, P. 145 - 156

Published: Feb. 6, 2018

Language: Английский

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LncRNAs: From Basic Research to Medical Application

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 295 - 307

Published: Jan. 1, 2017

This review aimed to summarize the current research contents about long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and some related lncRNAs as molecular biomarkers or therapy strategies in human cancer cardiovascular diseases.Following development of various kinds sequencing technologies, have become one most unknown areas that need be explored.First, definition classification were constantly amended supplemented because their complexity diversity.Second, several methods been developed study characteristic lncRNAs, including new species identifications, subcellular localization, gain loss function, interaction, bioinformatics analysis.Third, based on present results from basic researches, working mechanisms proved different forms interactions involving DNAs, RNAs, proteins.Fourth, lncRNA can play important roles during embryogenesis organ differentiations.Finally, tissue-specific expression they could used targets effectively applied diseases, such diseases.

Language: Английский

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The lncRNA PDIA3P Interacts with miR-185-5p to Modulate Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Targeting Cyclin D2

Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100 - 110

Published: Sept. 22, 2017

Language: Английский

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