JAK-STAT signaling in inflammation and stress-related diseases: implications for therapeutic interventions

Molecular Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Abstract The Janus kinase-signal transducer and transcription activator pathway (JAK-STAT) serves as a cornerstone in cellular signaling, regulating physiological pathological processes such inflammation stress. Dysregulation this can lead to severe immunodeficiencies malignancies, its role extends neurotransduction pro-inflammatory signaling mechanisms. Although JAK inhibitors (Jakinibs) have successfully treated immunological inflammatory disorders, their application has generally been limited diseases with similar pathogenic features. Despite the modest expression of JAK-STAT CNS, it is crucial for functions cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, making relevant conditions like Parkinson's disease other neuroinflammatory disorders. Furthermore, influence on serotonin receptors phospholipase C implications stress mood This review expands understanding JAK-STAT, moving beyond traditional contexts explore stress-related disorders CNS function. Recent findings, effectiveness Jakinibs chronic rheumatoid arthritis, expand therapeutic applicability. Advances isoform-specific inhibitors, including filgotinib upadacitinib, promise greater specificity fewer off-target effects. Combination therapies, involving monoclonal antibodies, aiming enhance efficacy also give great hope. Overall, bridges gap between basic science clinical application, elucidating complex human health guiding future interventions. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Heart–Mind Connection: Unraveling the Shared Pathways between Depression and Cardiovascular Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 1903 - 1903

Published: July 5, 2023

Civilization diseases are defined as non-communicable that affect a large part of the population. Examples such depression and cardiovascular disease. Importantly, World Health Organization warns against an increase in both these. This narrative review aims to summarize available information on measurable risk factors for CVD based existing literature. The paper reviews epidemiology main coexistence authors emphasize there is evidence link between Here, we highlight common disease, including obesity, diabetes, physical inactivity, well importance prevention treatment preventing other mental disorders. Conversely, effective can also help prevent improve health outcomes. It seems advisable introduce screening tests patients treated cardiac reasons. mood disorders, it worth controlling factors, example, by checking blood pressure pulse during routine visits. paying attention condition with CVD. study underlines interdisciplinary co-operation.

Language: Английский

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A Non-Coronary, Peripheral Arterial Atherosclerotic Disease (Carotid, Renal, Lower Limb) in Elderly Patients—A Review: Part I—Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Atherosclerosis-Related Diversities in Elderly Patients

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 1471 - 1471

Published: March 3, 2024

Atherosclerosis is a generalized and progressive disease. Ageing key risk factor for atherosclerosis progression that associated with the increased incidence of ischemic events in supplied organs, including stroke, coronary events, limb ischemia, or renal failure. Cardiovascular disease leading cause death major disability adults ≥ 75 years age. Atherosclerotic occlusive affects everyday activity quality life, it reduced life expectancy. Although there evidence on artery management elderly, insufficient data older patients presented atherosclerotic lesions outside territory. Despite this, trials observational studies systematically exclude patients, particularly those severe comorbidities, physical cognitive dysfunctions, frailty, residence nursing home. This results serious critical gaps knowledge lack guidance appropriate medical treatment referral endovascular surgical interventions. Therefore, we attempted to gather prevalence, factors, strategies extra-coronary lesions.

Language: Английский

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“Inflamed” depression: A review of the interactions between depression and inflammation and current anti-inflammatory strategies for depression

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 207, P. 107322 - 107322

Published: July 20, 2024

Depression is a common mental disorder, the effective treatment of which remains challenging issue worldwide. The clinical pathogenesis depression has been deeply explored, leading to formulation various pathogenic hypotheses. Among these, monoamine neurotransmitter hypothesis holds prominent position, yet it significant limitations as more than one-third patients do not respond conventional treatments targeting transmission disturbances. Over past few decades, growing body research highlighted link between inflammation and potential key factor in pathophysiology depression. In this review, we first summarize relationship depression, with focus on pathophysiological changes mediated by mechanisms linking well multiple anti-inflammatory strategies are also discussed, their efficacy safety assessed. This review broadens perspective specific aspects using for treating laying groundwork advancing precision medicine individuals suffering from "inflamed"

Language: Английский

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The Effect of Oral Microbiota on the Severity and Prognosis of Stroke

Bulletin of Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 124 - 145

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The microbiome of the oral cavity plays an important role in development and progression various somatic diseases, including stroke. Studies show that bacteria living can enter bloodstream contribute to inflammatory processes, which increases risk cardiovascular disease It was found 79% studied stroke-related blood clots, DNA commonly cavity, such as streptococci Viridans species, found. Periodontal pathogenic microorganisms cause chronic inflammation atherosclerosis, is one main factors for Dysbiosis also associated with increase level proinflammatory cytokines, worsen condition vessels likelihood thrombosis. Thus, maintaining health timely treatment dental diseases have a significant impact on reducing Understanding relationship between state system opens up new horizons preventive measures therapeutic approaches patients at high

Language: Английский

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Role of hyperhomocysteinemia in atherosclerosis: from bench to bedside

Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of global mortality, driven by complex interactions between genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors. Among these, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) has emerged as significant modifiable risk factor, contributing to endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, vascular inflammation. Despite increasing recognition its role in atherogenesis, the precise mechanisms clinical implications HHcy remain incompletely understood, necessitating comprehensive review connect recent mechanistic insights with practical applications.

Language: Английский

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Associations of subclinical microcalcification and inflammation with carotid atheroma development: a dual-tracer PET/CT study

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Abstract Purpose Carotid artery atherosclerosis, a significant manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and leading cause stroke, develops through gradual process arterial inflammation calcification. This study explores the relationship between (18 F-FDG PET/CT) vascular calcification F-NaF in left right common carotid arteries (LCC/RCC) their association with CVD thromboembolic risk patients subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods A cohort 115 subjects (73 healthy volunteers, 42 at-risk for CVD) underwent 18 PET/CT imaging. Radiotracer uptake was quantitatively assessed by measuring average blood-pool-corrected mean standardized value (aSUVmean). Results Relative to had greater NaF FDG (10–22% 16–27% higher, respectively, both arteries, p < 0.05). On multivariate regression, aSUVmean correlated age BMI ( 0.01), ≤ fibrinogen 0.01 LCC only), total cholesterol = 0.02 RCC only). increased elevated 10-year 0.003 while no trend seen FDG. No correlations were observed > Conclusion may serve as prognostic tool microcalcification utility remains uncertain. Clinical trial registration “Cardiovascular Molecular Calcification Assessed 18F-NaF PET CT (CAMONA)”, NCT01724749, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01724749 .

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Pathophysiology of Long COVID: The Central Role of Low-Grade Inflammation and Multisystem Involvement

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 6389 - 6389

Published: June 9, 2024

Long COVID (LC), also referred to as Post COVID-19 Condition, Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), and other terms, represents a complex multisystem disease persisting after the acute phase COVID-19. Characterized by myriad symptoms across different organ systems, LC presents significant diagnostic management challenges. Central disorder is role low-grade inflammation, non-classical inflammatory response that contributes chronicity diversity observed. This review explores pathophysiological underpinnings LC, emphasizing importance inflammation core component. By delineating pathogenetic relationships clinical manifestations this article highlights necessity for an integrated approach employs both personalized medicine standardized protocols aimed at mitigating long-term consequences. The insights gained not only enhance our understanding but inform development therapeutic strategies could be applicable chronic conditions with similar features.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in targeted therapy for inflammatory vascular diseases

Journal of Controlled Release, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 372, P. 730 - 750

Published: July 3, 2024

Language: Английский

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Photodynamic Therapy for Atherosclerosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 1958 - 1958

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Atherosclerosis, which currently contributes to 31% of deaths globally, is critical cardiovascular concern. Current diagnostic tools and biomarkers are limited, emphasizing the need for early detection. Lifestyle modifications medications form basis treatment, emerging therapies such as photodynamic therapy being developed. Photodynamic involves a photosensitizer selectively targeting components atherosclerotic plaques. When activated by specific light wavelengths, it induces localized oxidative stress aiming stabilize plaques reduce inflammation. The key advantage lies in its selective targeting, sparing healthy tissues. While preclinical studies encouraging, ongoing research clinical trials crucial optimizing protocols ensuring long-term safety efficacy. potential combination with other makes versatile promising avenue addressing atherosclerosis associated disease. investigations underscore possibility utilizing valuable treatment choice atherosclerosis. As advancements continue, might become more seamlessly incorporated into approaches managing atherosclerosis, providing blend efficacy limited invasiveness.

Language: Английский

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