A multinational Delphi consensus to end the COVID-19 public health threat

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 611(7935), P. 332 - 345

Published: Nov. 3, 2022

Abstract Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic behavioural factors continue to undercut the response COVID-19 pandemic 1,2 . Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government other experts in from 112 countries territories recommend specific actions end persistent global threat public health. The developed set 41 consensus statements 57 recommendations governments, health systems, industry key stakeholders across six domains: communication; systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment care; inequities. In wake nearly three years fragmented national responses, it is instructive note that highest-ranked call for adoption whole-of-society whole-of-government approaches 1 , while maintaining proven prevention measures using vaccines-plus approach 2 employs range financial support complement vaccination. Other with at least 99% combined agreement advise governments improve communication, rebuild trust engage communities 3 management responses. findings which have been further endorsed by 184 organizations globally, include points unanimous agreement, well >5% disagreement, provide social policy address inadequacies help bring an end.

Language: Английский

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Outlook of pandemic preparedness in a post-COVID-19 world

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic was met with rapid, unprecedented global collaboration and action. Even still, the public health, societal, economic impact may be felt for years to come. risk of another occurring in next few decades is ever-present potentially increasing due trends such as urbanization climate change. While it difficult predict pathogen threat, making reasonable assumptions today evaluating prior efforts plan respond disease outbreaks pandemics enable a more proactive, effective response future. Lessons from influenza preparedness underscore importance strengthening surveillance systems, investing early-stage research on pathogens development platform technologies, diversifying plans across range tactics earlier access safe interventions pandemic. Further, sustaining robust vaccine manufacturing capacity built because will keep ready rapid These actions not successful without improved coordination collaboration. Everyone, including biopharmaceutical industry, has role play preparedness, working together ensure that most lives are saved

Language: Английский

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A bat MERS-like coronavirus circulates in pangolins and utilizes human DPP4 and host proteases for cell entry

Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186(4), P. 850 - 863.e16

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Interventions to Reduce Risk for Pathogen Spillover and Early Disease Spread to Prevent Outbreaks, Epidemics, and Pandemics

Emerging infectious diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 1 - 9

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

The pathogens that cause most emerging infectious diseases in humans originate animals, particularly wildlife, and then spill over into humans. accelerating frequency with which domestic animals encounter wildlife because of activities such as land-use change, animal husbandry, markets trade live has created growing opportunities for pathogen spillover. risk spillover early disease spread among humans, however, can be reduced by stopping the clearing degradation tropical subtropical forests, improving health economic security communities living hotspots, enhancing biosecurity shutting down or strictly regulating trade, expanding surveillance. We summarize expert opinions on how to implement these goals prevent outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Ecological countermeasures to prevent pathogen spillover and subsequent pandemics

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 26, 2024

Abstract Substantial global attention is focused on how to reduce the risk of future pandemics. Reducing this requires investment in prevention, preparedness, and response. Although preparedness response have received significant focus, especially prevention zoonotic spillover, remains largely absent from conversations. This oversight due part lack a clear definition guidance achieve it. To address gap, we elucidate mechanisms linking environmental change spillover using viruses bats as case study. We identify ecological interventions that can disrupt these propose policy frameworks for their implementation. Recognizing pandemics originate systems, advocate integrating approaches alongside biomedical comprehensive balanced pandemic strategy.

Language: Английский

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Drivers for a pandemic due to avian influenza and options for One Health mitigation measures

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Avian influenza viruses (AIV) remain prevalent among wild bird populations in the European Union and Economic Area (EU/EEA), leading to significant illness death of birds. Transmission between mammal species has been observed, particularly fur animal farms, where outbreaks have reported. While transmission from infected birds humans is rare, there instances exposure these since 2020 without any symptomatic infections reported EU/EEA. However, continue evolve globally, with migration birds, new strains carrying potential mutations for mammalian adaptation could be selected. If avian A(H5N1) acquire ability spread efficiently humans, large-scale occur due lack immune defences against H5 humans. The emergence AIV capable infecting mammals, including can facilitated by various drivers. Some intrinsic drivers are related virus characteristics or host susceptibility. Other extrinsic may increase mammals thereby stimulating mutation mammals. Extrinsic include ecology species, such as wildlife, human activities like farming practices use natural resources, climatic environmental factors. One Health measures mitigate risk adapting focus on limiting preventing spread. Key options actions enhancing surveillance targeting animals, ensuring access rapid diagnostics, promoting collaboration sectors, considering implementation preventive vaccination poultry. Effective communication different involved target audiences should emphasised, well strengthening veterinary infrastructure, enforcing biosecurity at reducing wildlife contact domestic animals. Careful planning poultry farming, especially areas high waterfowl density, highlighted effective reduction.

Language: Английский

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Pathogens and planetary change

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Emerging infectious diseases, biodiversity loss, and anthropogenic environmental change are interconnected crises with massive social ecological costs. In this Review, we discuss how pathogens parasites responding to global change, the implications for pandemic prevention conservation. Ecological evolutionary principles help explain why both pandemics wildlife die-offs becoming more common; land-use loss often followed by an increase in zoonotic vector-borne diseases; some species, such as bats, host so many emerging pathogens. To prevent next pandemic, scientists should focus on monitoring limiting spread of a handful high-risk viruses, especially at key interfaces farms live-animal markets. But address much broader set disease risks associated Anthropocene, decision-makers will need develop comprehensive strategies that include pathogen surveillance across species ecosystems; conservation-based interventions reduce human–animal contact protect health; health system strengthening; improvements epidemic preparedness response. Scientists can contribute these efforts filling gaps data, expanding evidence base disease–driver relationships interventions. This Review explores relationship between diseases connected changes Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Towards a ‘people and nature’ paradigm for biodiversity and infectious disease

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 380(1917)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Zoonotic and vector-borne infectious diseases are among the most direct human health consequences of biodiversity change. The COVID-19 pandemic increased policymakers’ attention on links between ecological degradation disease, sparked discussions around nature-based interventions to mitigate zoonotic emergence epidemics. Yet, although disease ecology provides an increasingly granular knowledge wildlife in changing ecosystems, we still have a poor understanding net for disease. Here, argue that renewed focus wildlife-borne as complex socio-ecological systems—a ‘people nature’ paradigm—is needed identify local transformative system-wide changes could reduce burden. We discuss longstanding scientific narratives involvement systems, which largely framed people disruptors, three emerging research areas provide wider system perspectives: how anthropogenic ecosystems construct new niches feedbacks social vulnerability role human-to-animal pathogen transmission (‘spillback’) systems. conclude by discussing opportunities better understand predictability outcomes from change integrate drivers into intervention design evaluation. This article is part discussion meeting issue ‘Bending curve towards nature recovery: building Georgina Mace's legacy biodiverse future’.

Language: Английский

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The anthropogenic fingerprint on emerging infectious diseases

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 22, 2024

Abstract Emerging infectious diseases are increasingly understood as a hallmark of the Anthropocene 1–3 . Most experts agree that anthropogenic ecosystem change and high-risk contact among people, livestock, wildlife have contributed to recent emergence new zoonotic, vector-borne, environmentally-transmitted pathogens 1,4–6 However, extent which these factors also structure landscapes human infection outbreak risk is not well understood, beyond certain well-studied disease systems 7–9 Here, we consolidate 58,319 unique records events for 32 emerging worldwide, systematically test influence 16 hypothesized social environmental drivers on geography risk, while adjusting multiple detection, reporting, research biases. Across diseases, risks widely associated with mosaic where people live alongside forests fragmented ecosystems, commonly exacerbated by long-term decreases in precipitation. The combined effects particularly strong vector-borne (e.g., Lyme dengue fever), underscoring policy strategies manage will need address land use climate 10–12 In contrast, find little evidence spillovers directly-transmitted zoonotic Ebola virus mpox) consistently factors, or other such deforestation agricultural intensification 13 importantly, observed spatial intensity primarily an artefact healthcare access, indicating existing surveillance remain insufficient comprehensive monitoring response: across reporting declined median 32% (range 1.2%-96.7%) each additional hour’s travel time from nearest health facility. Our findings underscore multicausal feature social-ecological systems, no one-size-fits-all global strategy can prevent epidemics pandemics. Instead, ecosystem-based interventions should follow regional priorities system-specific evidence, be paired investment One Health system strengthening.

Language: Английский

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Save lives in the next pandemic: ensure vaccine equity now

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 626(8001), P. 952 - 953

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

The proposed Pandemic Agreement must ensure that COVID-19 vaccine nationalism is never repeated; 290 scientists call for action.

Language: Английский

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