The biomass distribution on Earth

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(25), P. 6506 - 6511

Published: May 21, 2018

Significance The composition of the biosphere is a fundamental question in biology, yet global quantitative account biomass each taxon still lacking. We assemble census all kingdoms life. This analysis provides holistic view and allows us to observe broad patterns over taxonomic categories, geographic locations, trophic modes.

Language: Английский

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Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil microbiome

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 579 - 590

Published: Aug. 21, 2017

Language: Английский

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Using network analysis to explore co-occurrence patterns in soil microbial communities

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 343 - 351

Published: Sept. 8, 2011

Language: Английский

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The rhizosphere microbiome: significance of plant beneficial, plant pathogenic, and human pathogenic microorganisms

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 37(5), P. 634 - 663

Published: June 24, 2013

Microbial communities play a pivotal role in the functioning of plants by influencing their physiology and development. While many members rhizosphere microbiome are beneficial to plant growth, also pathogenic microorganisms colonize striving break through protective microbial shield overcome innate defense mechanisms order cause disease. A third group that can be found true opportunistic human bacteria, which carried on or tissue may disease when introduced into debilitated humans. Although importance for growth has been widely recognized, vast majority no knowledge exists. To enhance health, it is essential know microorganism present what they doing. Here, we review main functions how impact health We discuss involved multitrophic interactions chemical dialogues occur rhizosphere. Finally, highlight several strategies redirect reshape favor health.

Language: Английский

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Comparative metagenomic, phylogenetic and physiological analyses of soil microbial communities across nitrogen gradients

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 6(5), P. 1007 - 1017

Published: Dec. 1, 2011

Abstract Terrestrial ecosystems are receiving elevated inputs of nitrogen (N) from anthropogenic sources and understanding how these increases in N availability affect soil microbial communities is critical for predicting the associated effects on belowground ecosystems. We used a suite approaches to analyze structure functional characteristics replicated plots two long-term fertilization experiments located contrasting systems. Pyrosequencing-based analyses 16S rRNA genes revealed no significant bacterial diversity, but community composition at both sites; copiotrophic taxa (including members Proteobacteria Bacteroidetes phyla) typically increased relative abundance high plots, with oligotrophic (mainly Acidobacteria) exhibiting opposite pattern. Consistent phylogenetic shifts under fertilization, shotgun metagenomic sequencing abundances DNA/RNA replication, electron transport protein metabolism, that could be resolved even shallow conducted here (average 75 000 reads per sample). also observed catabolic capabilities across gradients were significantly correlated responses, indicating possible linkages between functioning communities. Overall, our results suggest may, directly or indirectly, induce shift predominant life-history strategies, favoring more active, community, pattern parallels often replacement K-selected r-selected plant species N.

Language: Английский

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Cross-biome metagenomic analyses of soil microbial communities and their functional attributes

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 109(52), P. 21390 - 21395

Published: Dec. 10, 2012

For centuries ecologists have studied how the diversity and functional traits of plant animal communities vary across biomes. In contrast, we only just begun exploring similar questions for soil microbial despite microbes being dominant engines biogeochemical cycles a major pool living biomass in terrestrial ecosystems. We used metagenomic sequencing to compare composition attributes 16 collected from cold deserts, hot forests, grasslands, tundra. Those found plant-free desert soils typically had lowest levels (diversity protein-coding gene categories) phylogenetic taxonomic diversity. Across all soils, beta was strongly correlated with diversity; were clearly distinct nondesert regardless metric used. The higher relative abundances genes associated osmoregulation dormancy, but lower nutrient cycling catabolism plant-derived organic compounds. Antibiotic resistance consistently threefold less abundant than suggesting that abiotic conditions, not competitive interactions, are more important shaping communities. As most comprehensive survey taxonomic, phylogenetic, date, this study demonstrates approaches can be build predictive understanding function

Language: Английский

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Consistent responses of soil microbial communities to elevated nutrient inputs in grasslands across the globe

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 112(35), P. 10967 - 10972

Published: Aug. 17, 2015

Significance Human activities have resulted in large increases the availability of nutrients terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Although plant community responses to elevated been well studied, soil microbial remain poorly understood, despite their critical importance ecosystem functioning. Using DNA-sequencing approaches, we assessed response communities experimentally added nitrogen and phosphorus at 25 grassland sites across globe. Our results demonstrate that composition these shifts consistent ways with nutrient inputs there are corresponding ecological attributes members. This study represents an important step forward for understanding connection between inputs, communities, altered

Language: Английский

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Consistent effects of nitrogen amendments on soil microbial communities and processes across biomes

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2012, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 1918 - 1927

Published: Jan. 11, 2012

Abstract Ecosystems worldwide are receiving increasing amounts of reactive nitrogen ( N ) via anthropogenic activities with the added having potentially important impacts on microbially mediated belowground carbon dynamics. However, a comprehensive understanding how elevated availability affects soil microbial processes and community dynamics remains incomplete. The mechanisms responsible for observed responses poorly resolved we do not know if communities respond in similar manner across ecosystems. We collected 28 soils from broad range ecosystems orth A merica, amended inorganic , incubated under controlled conditions 1 year. Consistent nearly all soils, addition decreased respiration rates, an average decrease 11% over year‐long incubation, biomass by 35%. High‐throughput pyrosequencing showed that consistently altered bacterial composition, relative abundance ctinobacteria F irmicutes decreasing cidobacteria V errucomicrobia . Further, ‐amended had lower suite extracellular enzymes temperature sensitivity, suggesting shift to preferential decomposition more labile C pools. trends held strong gradients climate characteristics, indicating likely wide‐spread mechanisms. Our results support hypothesis depresses activity shifting metabolic capabilities communities, yielding less capable decomposing recalcitrant pools leading potential increase sequestration rates.

Language: Английский

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Geographic patterns of co-occurrence network topological features for soil microbiota at continental scale in eastern China

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 10(8), P. 1891 - 1901

Published: Jan. 15, 2016

Soil microbiota play a critical role in soil biogeochemical processes and have profound effect on functions. Recent studies revealed microbial co-occurrence patterns communities, yet the geographic pattern of topological features networks at continental scale are largely unknown. Here, we investigated shifts inferred from along eastern China. Integrating archaeal, bacterial fungal community datasets, meta-community network analyzed node-level network-level associated with five climatic regions. Both wherein microorganisms northern regions had closer relationships but lower interaction influence than those southern We further identified differences taxonomic groups demonstrated that were random for archaea non-random bacteria fungi. Given interactions may contribute to functions more species diversity, this shift provides new insight into studying biogeographic patterns, their organization impacts soil-associated function.

Language: Английский

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The global soil community and its influence on biogeochemistry

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 365(6455)

Published: Aug. 23, 2019

Soil organisms represent the most biologically diverse community on land and govern turnover of largest organic matter pool in terrestrial biosphere. The highly complex nature these communities at local scales has traditionally obscured efforts to identify unifying patterns global soil biodiversity biogeochemistry. As a result, environmental covariates have generally been used as proxy variation activity biogeochemical models. Yet over past decade, broad-scale studies begun see this heterogeneity biomass, diversity, composition certain groups across globe. These provide new insights into fundamental distribution dynamics land.

Language: Английский

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