The footprint of urban heat island effect in China

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: June 10, 2015

Abstract Urban heat island (UHI) is one major anthropogenic modification to the Earth system that transcends its physical boundary. Using MODIS data from 2003 2012, we showed UHI effect decayed exponentially toward rural areas for majority of 32 Chinese cities. We found an obvious urban/rural temperature “cliff” and estimated footprint (FP, including urban area) was 2.3 3.9 times size day night, respectively, with large spatiotemporal heterogeneities. further revealed ignoring FP may underestimate intensity in most cases even alter direction estimates few Our results provide new insights characteristics emphasize necessity considering city- time-specific when assessing urbanization effects on local climate.

Language: Английский

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Utilising green and bluespace to mitigate urban heat island intensity

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 584-585, P. 1040 - 1055

Published: Feb. 2, 2017

It has long been recognised that cities exhibit their own microclimate and are typically warmer than the surrounding rural areas. This 'mesoscale' influence is known as urban heat island (UHI) effect results largely from modification of surface properties leading to greater absorption solar radiation, reduced convective cooling lower water evaporation rates. Cities contain less vegetation bodies areas, existing green bluespace often under threat increasing population densities. paper presents a meta-analysis key ways in which affect both canopy- boundary-layer temperatures, examined perspectives city-planning, climatology climate science. The analysis suggests evapotranspiration-based primarily relevant for canopy-layer conditions, tree-dominated greenspace offers greatest stress relief when it most needed. However, magnitude transport experienced depends on size, spread, geometry greenspaces, with some solitary large parks found offer minimal cooling. Contribution at scale attributed mainly roughness thereby improving convection efficiency rather evaporation. Although during day can be substantial, nocturnal warming highlighted likely conditions oppressive. features employed together they many synergistic ecosystem benefits including infrastructure applied future growth strategies, particularly countries expected experience rapid urbanisation, warrants consideration planning policy mitigate adverse effects UHI enhance resilience.

Language: Английский

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Magnitude of urban heat islands largely explained by climate and population

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 573(7772), P. 55 - 60

Published: Sept. 4, 2019

Language: Английский

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Satellite Remote Sensing of Surface Urban Heat Islands: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 48 - 48

Published: Dec. 29, 2018

The surface urban heat island (SUHI), which represents the difference of land temperature (LST) in relativity to neighboring non-urban surfaces, is usually measured using satellite LST data. Over last few decades, advancements remote sensing along with spatial science have considerably increased number and quality SUHI studies that form major body (UHI) literature. This paper provides a systematic review satellite-based studies, from their origin 1972 present. We find an exponentially increasing trend research since 2005, clear preferences for geographic areas, time day, seasons, foci, platforms/sensors. most frequently studied region period are China summer daytime, respectively. Nearly two-thirds focus on SUHI/LST variability at local scale. Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)/Enhanced (ETM+)/Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) Terra/Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) two commonly-used sensors account about 78% total publications. systematically reviewed main satellite/sensors, methods, key findings, challenges research. Previous confirm large (local global scales) temporal (diurnal, seasonal, inter-annual) variations contributed by variety factors such as impervious area, vegetation cover, landscape structure, albedo, climate. However, applications largely impeded series data methodological limitations. Lastly, we propose potential directions opportunities future efforts. Besides improving quantity data, more attention should be focused understudied regions/cities, methods examine intensity, inter-annual long-term trends SUHI, scaling issues relationship between subsurface UHIs, integration field observations numeric modeling.

Language: Английский

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Urban heat island effect: A systematic review of spatio-temporal factors, data, methods, and mitigation measures

International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 30 - 42

Published: Jan. 3, 2018

Language: Английский

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Scalable thermochromic smart windows with passive radiative cooling regulation

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 374(6574), P. 1501 - 1504

Published: Dec. 16, 2021

Radiative cooling materials spontaneously radiate long-wave infrared (LWIR) to the cold outer space, providing power that is preferred in hot seasons. has been widely explored for walls and roofs but rarely windows, which are one of least energy-efficient parts buildings. We fabricated scalable smart windows using a solution process giving different emissivity (ε) at high (εLWIR-H 0.61) low (εLWIR-L 0.21) temperatures regulate radiative automatically while maintaining luminous transparency near-infrared (NIR) modulation. These passive independent visible–NIR–LWIR regulated capable dynamic self-adapting applications across climate zones.

Language: Английский

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Critical review on the cooling effect of urban blue-green space: A threshold-size perspective

Urban forestry & urban greening, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49, P. 126630 - 126630

Published: Feb. 8, 2020

The cooling effect of blue-green space has been recognized as a promising approach to mitigate the urban heat island (UHI), while quantitative role (threshold-size for cooling) is still uncertain. This paper aims present latest progress and controversies on studies effects waterbodies, greenspaces, parks. In order do this research, international search engines were employed systematically peer-reviewed articles, including threshold-size-based UHI mitigation studies. After that, inductive analysis used analyze relevant literature. We found that previous concentrated correlations between different landscape types, temperature variations quantification intensity, etc. However, research received less attention, which limits ability make specific recommendations actionable planning management – usingthe smallest best effect. review also revealed over size, shape, composition configuration Besides, we pointed out uncertainties (i.e., optimal proportion in park) reasons controversial results need be further investigated. suggested more attention should paid quantify contributions local background climate characteristics (threshold-size) space. would give us deeper understanding field provide insights into adaption planning.

Language: Английский

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Disproportionate exposure to urban heat island intensity across major US cities

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 25, 2021

Abstract Urban heat stress poses a major risk to public health. Case studies of individual cities suggest that exposure, like other environmental stressors, may be unequally distributed across income groups. There is little evidence, however, as whether such disparities are pervasive. We combine surface urban island (SUHI) data, proxy for isolating the contribution additional exposure in built environments, with census tract-level demographic data answer these questions summer days, when likely at maximum. find average person color lives tract higher SUHI intensity than non-Hispanic whites all but 6 175 largest urbanized areas continental United States. A similar pattern emerges people living households below poverty line relative those more two times line.

Language: Английский

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The role of city size and urban form in the surface urban heat island

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: June 30, 2017

Urban climate is determined by a variety of factors, whose knowledge can help to attenuate heat stress in the context ongoing urbanization and change. We study influence city size urban form on Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon Europe find complex interplay between UHI intensity size, fractality, anisometry. Due correlations among these interactions multi-linear regression need be taken into account. that largest 5,000 cities, increases with logarithm fractal dimension, but decreases Typically, has strongest influence, followed compactness, smallest degree which cities stretch. Accordingly, from point view alleviation, small, disperse, stretched are preferable. However, such recommendations balanced against e.g. positive agglomeration effects large cities. Therefore, trade-offs must made regarding local global aims.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the effects of 3D urban morphology on the surface urban heat island effect in urban functional zones by using high-resolution remote sensing data: A case study of Wuhan, Central China

ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 152, P. 119 - 131

Published: April 22, 2019

Language: Английский

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