A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

The neural circuits responsible for animal behavior remain largely unknown. We summarize new methods and present the circuitry of a large fraction brain fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster . Improved include procedures to prepare, image, align, segment, find synapses in, proofread such data sets. define cell types, refine computational compartments, provide an exhaustive atlas examples many them novel. detailed consisting neurons their chemical most central brain. make public simplify access, reducing effort needed answer circuit questions, linking defined by our analysis with genetic reagents. Biologically, we examine distributions connection strengths, motifs on different scales, electrical consequences compartmentalization, evidence that maximizing packing density is important criterion in evolution fly’s

Language: Английский

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A Complete Electron Microscopy Volume of the Brain of Adult Drosophila melanogaster

Cell, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 174(3), P. 730 - 743.e22

Published: July 1, 2018

Drosophila melanogaster has a rich repertoire of innate and learned behaviors. Its 100,000-neuron brain is large but tractable target for comprehensive neural circuit mapping. Only electron microscopy (EM) enables complete, unbiased mapping synaptic connectivity; however, the fly too conventional EM. We developed custom high-throughput EM platform imaged entire an adult female at resolution. To validate dataset, we traced brain-spanning circuitry involving mushroom body (MB), which been extensively studied its role in learning. All inputs to Kenyon cells (KCs), intrinsic neurons MB, were mapped, revealing previously unknown cell type, postsynaptic partners KC dendrites, unexpected clustering olfactory projection neurons. These reconstructions show that this freely available volume supports circuits, will significantly accelerate neuroscience. VIDEO ABSTRACT.

Language: Английский

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Whole-animal connectomes of both Caenorhabditis elegans sexes

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 571(7763), P. 63 - 71

Published: July 3, 2019

Language: Английский

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Cortical column and whole-brain imaging with molecular contrast and nanoscale resolution

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 363(6424)

Published: Jan. 18, 2019

Optical and electron microscopy have made tremendous inroads toward understanding the complexity of brain. However, optical offers insufficient resolution to reveal subcellular details, lacks throughput molecular contrast visualize specific constituents over millimeter-scale or larger dimensions. We combined expansion lattice light-sheet image nanoscale spatial relationships between proteins across thickness mouse cortex entire Drosophila These included synaptic at dendritic spines, myelination along axons, presynaptic densities dopaminergic neurons in every fly brain region. The technology should enable statistically rich, large-scale studies neural development, sexual dimorphism, degree stereotypy, structural correlations behavior activity, all with contrast.

Language: Английский

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The connectome of the adult Drosophila mushroom body provides insights into function

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 14, 2020

Making inferences about the computations performed by neuronal circuits from synapse-level connectivity maps is an emerging opportunity in neuroscience. The mushroom body (MB) well positioned for developing and testing such approach due to its conserved architecture, recently completed dense connectome, extensive prior experimental studies of roles learning, memory, activity regulation. Here, we identify new components MB circuit Drosophila, including visual input output neurons (MBONs) with direct connections descending neurons. We find unexpected structure sensory inputs, transfer information different modalities MBONs, modulation that dopaminergic (DANs). provide insights into circuitry used integrate outputs, between central complex inputs DANs, feedback MBONs. Our results a foundation further theoretical work.

Language: Английский

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Dense connectomic reconstruction in layer 4 of the somatosensory cortex

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6469)

Published: Oct. 24, 2019

The dense circuit structure of mammalian cerebral cortex is still unknown. With developments in three-dimensional electron microscopy, the imaging sizable volumes neuropil has become possible, but reconstruction connectomes limiting step. We reconstructed a volume ~500,000 cubic micrometers from layer 4 mouse barrel cortex, ~300 times larger than previous reconstructions cortex. connectomic data allowed extraction inhibitory and excitatory neuron subtypes that were not predictable geometric information. quantified imprints consistent with Hebbian synaptic weight adaptation, which yielded upper bounds for fraction saturated long-term potentiation. These establish an approach locally phenotyping neuronal circuitry

Language: Английский

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A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron microscopy-based connectome of

Language: Английский

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Cellular diversity in the Drosophila midbrain revealed by single-cell transcriptomics

eLife, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: April 19, 2018

To understand the brain, molecular details need to be overlaid onto neural wiring diagrams so that synaptic mode, neuromodulation and critical signaling operations can considered. Single-cell transcriptomics provide a unique opportunity collect this information. Here we present an initial analysis of thousands individual cells from Drosophila midbrain, were acquired using Drop-Seq. A number approaches permitted assignment transcriptional profiles several major brain regions cell-types. Expression biosynthetic enzymes reuptake mechanisms allows all neurons typed according neurotransmitter or neuromodulator they produce presumably release. Some neuropeptides are preferentially co-expressed in particular fast-acting transmitter, monoamine. Neuromodulatory receptor subunit expression illustrates potential these molecules generating complexity circuit function. This cell atlas dataset provides important resource link complex processes.

Language: Английский

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Do the right thing: neural network mechanisms of memory formation, expression and update in Drosophila

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 49, P. 51 - 58

Published: Dec. 16, 2017

When animals learn, plasticity in brain networks that respond to specific cues results a change the behavior these elicit. Individual network components mushroom bodies of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster represent cues, learning signals and behavioral outcomes learned experience. Recent findings have highlighted importance dopamine-driven activity feedback feedforward connections, between various elements body neural network. These computational motifs been shown be crucial for long term olfactory memory consolidation, integration internal states, re-evaluation updating information. The often recurrent circuit anatomy prolonged requirement parts underlying networks, suggest self-sustained precisely timed is fundamental feature computations insect brain. Together processes allow flies continuously adjust content their knowledge direct way best represents expectations serves most pressing current needs.

Language: Английский

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The connectome of an insect brain

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(6636)

Published: March 10, 2023

Brains contain networks of interconnected neurons and so knowing the network architecture is essential for understanding brain function. We therefore mapped synaptic-resolution connectome an entire insect ( Drosophila larva) with rich behavior, including learning, value computation, action selection, comprising 3016 548,000 synapses. characterized neuron types, hubs, feedforward feedback pathways, as well cross-hemisphere brain-nerve cord interactions. found pervasive multisensory interhemispheric integration, highly recurrent architecture, abundant from descending neurons, multiple novel circuit motifs. The brain’s most circuits comprised input output learning center. Some structural features, multilayer shortcuts nested loops, resembled state-of-the-art deep architectures. identified provides a basis future experimental theoretical studies neural circuits.

Language: Английский

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