A Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Sensor Enables Rapid and Specific Detection of Dopamine in Flies, Fish, and Mice

Cell, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 174(2), P. 481 - 496.e19

Published: July 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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A connectome of the Drosophila central complex reveals network motifs suitable for flexible navigation and context-dependent action selection

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Flexible behaviors over long timescales are thought to engage recurrent neural networks in deep brain regions, which experimentally challenging study. In insects, circuit dynamics a region called the central complex (CX) enable directed locomotion, sleep, and context- experience-dependent spatial navigation. We describe first complete electron microscopy-based connectome of

Language: Английский

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Cellular diversity in the Drosophila midbrain revealed by single-cell transcriptomics

eLife, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: April 19, 2018

To understand the brain, molecular details need to be overlaid onto neural wiring diagrams so that synaptic mode, neuromodulation and critical signaling operations can considered. Single-cell transcriptomics provide a unique opportunity collect this information. Here we present an initial analysis of thousands individual cells from Drosophila midbrain, were acquired using Drop-Seq. A number approaches permitted assignment transcriptional profiles several major brain regions cell-types. Expression biosynthetic enzymes reuptake mechanisms allows all neurons typed according neurotransmitter or neuromodulator they produce presumably release. Some neuropeptides are preferentially co-expressed in particular fast-acting transmitter, monoamine. Neuromodulatory receptor subunit expression illustrates potential these molecules generating complexity circuit function. This cell atlas dataset provides important resource link complex processes.

Language: Английский

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The connectome of an insect brain

Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(6636)

Published: March 10, 2023

Brains contain networks of interconnected neurons and so knowing the network architecture is essential for understanding brain function. We therefore mapped synaptic-resolution connectome an entire insect ( Drosophila larva) with rich behavior, including learning, value computation, action selection, comprising 3016 548,000 synapses. characterized neuron types, hubs, feedforward feedback pathways, as well cross-hemisphere brain-nerve cord interactions. found pervasive multisensory interhemispheric integration, highly recurrent architecture, abundant from descending neurons, multiple novel circuit motifs. The brain’s most circuits comprised input output learning center. Some structural features, multilayer shortcuts nested loops, resembled state-of-the-art deep architectures. identified provides a basis future experimental theoretical studies neural circuits.

Language: Английский

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Integration of Parallel Opposing Memories Underlies Memory Extinction

Cell, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 175(3), P. 709 - 722.e15

Published: Sept. 20, 2018

Accurately predicting an outcome requires that animals learn supporting and conflicting evidence from sequential experience. In mammals invertebrates, learned fear responses can be suppressed by experiencing predictive cues without punishment, a process called memory extinction. Here, we show extinction of aversive memories in Drosophila specific dopaminergic neurons, which indicate omission punishment is remembered as positive Functional imaging revealed co-existence intracellular calcium traces different places the mushroom body output neuron network for both original new appetitive memory. Light ultrastructural anatomy are consistent with parallel competing being combined within neurons direct avoidance. Indeed, extinction-evoked plasticity pair these neutralizes potentiated odor response imposed learning. Therefore, flies track accuracy expectations accumulating integrating events.

Language: Английский

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Complete Connectomic Reconstruction of Olfactory Projection Neurons in the Fly Brain

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(16), P. 3183 - 3199.e6

Published: July 2, 2020

Nervous systems contain sensory neurons, local projection and motor neurons. To understand how these building blocks form whole circuits, we must distil broad classes into neuronal cell types describe their network connectivity. Using an electron micrograph dataset for entire Drosophila melanogaster brain, reconstruct the first complete inventory of olfactory projections connecting antennal lobe, insect analog mammalian bulb, to higher-order brain regions in adult animal brain. We then connect this extant data literature, providing synaptic-resolution "holotypes" both heavily investigated previously unknown types. Projection neurons are approximately twice as numerous reported by light level studies; stereotyped, but not identical, synapse numbers between hemispheres. The lateral horn, cortical amygdala, is main target information has been shown guide innate behavior. Here, find new connectivity motifs, including axo-axonic feedback, inhibition axons a large population convergence different inputs, non-olfactory inputs memory-related feedback onto third-order These features less prominent mushroom body calyx, piriform cortex center associative memory. Our work provides neuroanatomical platform future studies system.

Language: Английский

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The Drosophila Mushroom Body: From Architecture to Algorithm in a Learning Circuit

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 465 - 484

Published: April 14, 2020

The Drosophila brain contains a relatively simple circuit for forming Pavlovian associations, yet it achieves many operations common across memory systems. Recent advances have established clear framework learning and revealed the following key operations: a) pattern separation, whereby dense combinatorial representations of odors are preprocessed to generate highly specific, nonoverlapping odor patterns used learning; b) convergence, in which sensory information is funneled small set output neurons that guide behavioral actions; c) plasticity, where changing mapping input requires strong reinforcement signal, also modulated by internal state environmental context; d) modularization, consists multiple parallel traces, distinct stability flexibility exist anatomically well-defined modules within network. Cross-module interactions allow higher-order effects past experience influences future learning. Many these parallels with processes formation action selection more complex brains.

Language: Английский

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The Regulation of Drosophila Sleep

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. R38 - R49

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the adult Drosophila ventral nerve cord

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 21, 2020

The Drosophila ventral nerve cord (VNC) receives and processes descending signals from the brain to produce a variety of coordinated locomotor outputs. It also integrates sensory information periphery sends ascending brain. We used single-cell transcriptomics generate an unbiased classification cellular diversity in VNC five-day old adult flies. produced atlas 26,000 high-quality cells, representing more than 100 transcriptionally distinct cell types. predominant gene signatures defining neuronal types reflect shared developmental histories based on neuroblast which cells were derived, as well their birth order. relative position along anterior-posterior axis could be assigned using Hox expression. This transcriptional fly will valuable resource for future studies neurodevelopment behavior.

Language: Английский

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Recurrent architecture for adaptive regulation of learning in the insect brain

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 544 - 555

Published: March 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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