Long‐term, amplified responses of soil organic carbon to nitrogen addition worldwide DOI
Chonghua Xu, Xia Xu,

Chenghui Ju

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(6), P. 1170 - 1180

Published: Dec. 18, 2020

Abstract Soil organic carbon (SOC) is the largest sink in terrestrial ecosystems and plays a critical role mitigating climate change. Increasing reactive nitrogen (N) caused by anthropogenic N input substantially affects SOC dynamics. However, uncertainties remain concerning effects of addition on both mineral soil layers over time at global scale. Here, we analysed large empirical data set spanning 60 years across 369 sites worldwide to explore temporal dynamics addition. We found that significantly increased globe 4.2% (2.7%–5.8%). increases were amplified from short‐ long‐term durations layers. The positive independent ecosystem types, mean annual temperature precipitation. Our findings suggest largely resulted enhanced plant C soils coupled with reduced loss decomposition amplification was associated microbial biomass respiration under study suggests will enhance sequestration contribute future change mitigation.

Language: Английский

Australian vegetated coastal ecosystems as global hotspots for climate change mitigation DOI Creative Commons
Óscar Serrano, Catherine E. Lovelock, Trisha B. Atwood

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2019

Abstract Policies aiming to preserve vegetated coastal ecosystems (VCE; tidal marshes, mangroves and seagrasses) mitigate greenhouse gas emissions require national assessments of blue carbon resources. Here, we present organic (C) storage in VCE across Australian climate regions estimate potential annual CO 2 emission benefits conservation restoration. Australia contributes 5–11% the C stored globally (70–185 Tg aboveground biomass, 1,055–1,540 upper 1 m soils). Potential from current losses are estimated at 2.1–3.1 -e yr -1 , increasing land use change by 12–21%. This assessment, most comprehensive for any nation to-date, demonstrates restoration underpin policy development reducing emissions.

Language: Английский

Citations

1115
The future of Blue Carbon science DOI Creative Commons
Peter I. Macreadie, Andrea Antón, John A. Raven

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Sept. 5, 2019

Abstract The term Blue Carbon (BC) was first coined a decade ago to describe the disproportionately large contribution of coastal vegetated ecosystems global carbon sequestration. role BC in climate change mitigation and adaptation has now reached international prominence. To help prioritise future research, we assembled leading experts field agree upon top-ten pending questions science. Understanding how affects accumulation mature during their restoration high priority. Controversial included carbonate macroalgae cycling, degree which greenhouse gases are released following disturbance ecosystems. Scientists seek improved precision extent ecosystems; techniques determine provenance; understanding factors that influence sequestration ecosystems, with corresponding value BC; management actions effective enhancing this value. Overall overview provides comprehensive road map for coming decades on research

Language: Английский

Citations

766
Global declines in human‐driven mangrove loss DOI Creative Commons
Liza Goldberg, David Lagomasino, Nathan Thomas

et al.

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(10), P. 5844 - 5855

Published: July 12, 2020

Global mangrove loss has been attributed primarily to human activity. Anthropogenic hotspots across Southeast Asia and around the world have characterized ecosystem as highly threatened, though natural processes such erosion can also play a significant role in forest vulnerability. However, extent of threats not fully quantified at global scale. Here, using Random Forest-based analysis over one million Landsat images, we present first 30 m resolution maps drivers from 2000 2016, capturing both human-driven stressors. We estimate that 62% losses between 2016 resulted land-use change, through conversion aquaculture agriculture. Up 80% these occurred within six Asian nations, reflecting regional emphasis on enhancing for export support economic development. Both anthropogenic declined slower declines caused an increase their relative contribution total area. attribute decline regionally dependent combination increased conservation efforts lack remaining mangroves viable conversion. While restore protect appear be effective decadal timescales, emergence presents immediate challenge coastal adaptation. anticipate our results will inform decision-making restoration initiatives by providing locally relevant understanding causes loss.

Language: Английский

Citations

727
Scientists’ warning to humanity on the freshwater biodiversity crisis DOI Open Access
James S. Albert, Georgia Destouni,

Scott M. Duke‐Sylvester

et al.

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 85 - 94

Published: Feb. 10, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

680
The State of the World's Mangrove Forests: Past, Present, and Future DOI Open Access
Daniel A. Friess, Kerrylee Rogers, Catherine E. Lovelock

et al.

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 89 - 115

Published: Aug. 10, 2019

Intertidal mangrove forests are a dynamic ecosystem experiencing rapid changes in extent and habitat quality over geological history, today into the future. Climate sea level have drastically altered distribution since their appearance record ∼75 million years ago (Mya), through to Holocene. In contrast, contemporary dynamics driven primarily by anthropogenic threats, including pollution, overextraction, conversion aquaculture agriculture. Deforestation rates declined past decade, but future of mangroves is uncertain; new deforestation frontiers opening, particularly Southeast Asia West Africa, despite international conservation policies ambitious global targets for rehabilitation. addition, climatic processes such as sea-level rise that were important history will continue influence Recommendations given reframe conservation, with view improving state

Language: Английский

Citations

628
Blue carbon as a natural climate solution DOI
Peter I. Macreadie, Micheli Duarte de Paula Costa, Trisha B. Atwood

et al.

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(12), P. 826 - 839

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

581
Mangrove canopy height globally related to precipitation, temperature and cyclone frequency DOI
Marc Simard, Temilola Fatoyinbo,

Charlotte Smetanka

et al.

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 40 - 45

Published: Dec. 13, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

399
A marine heatwave drives massive losses from the world’s largest seagrass carbon stocks DOI
Ariane Arias‐Ortiz, Óscar Serrano, Pere Masqué

et al.

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 338 - 344

Published: March 19, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

390
A global map of mangrove forest soil carbon at 30 m spatial resolution DOI Creative Commons
Jonathan Sanderman, Tomislav Hengl, Greg Fiske

et al.

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 055002 - 055002

Published: April 13, 2018

With the growing recognition that effective action on climate change will require a combination of emissions reductions and carbon sequestration, protecting, enhancing restoring natural sinks have become political priorities. Mangrove forests are considered some most carbon-dense ecosystems in world with stored soil. In order for mangrove to be included mitigation efforts, knowledge spatial distribution soil stocks critical. Current global estimates do not capture enough finer scale variability would required inform local decisions siting protection restoration projects. To close this gap, we compiled large georeferenced database measurements developed novel machine-learning based statistical model density using spatially comprehensive data at 30 m resolution. This model, which prior estimate from SoilGrids 250 was able 63% vertical horizontal organic (RMSE 10.9 kg m−3). Of variables, total suspended sediment load Landsat imagery were important variable explaining density. Projecting across forest year 2000 yielded an 6.4 Pg C top meter 86–729 Mg ha−1 range all pixels. By utilizing remotely-sensed cover data, loss due habitat between 2015 30–122 Tg >75% attributable Indonesia, Malaysia Myanmar. The resulting map products work intended serve nations seeking include habitats payment-for- ecosystem services projects designing conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

334
Global carbon stocks and potential emissions due to mangrove deforestation from 2000 to 2012 DOI
Stuart Hamilton, Daniel A. Friess

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 240 - 244

Published: Feb. 21, 2018

Language: Английский

Citations

332