Recent advances in neuropeptide signaling in Drosophila, from genes to physiology and behavior

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 179, P. 101607 - 101607

Published: March 22, 2019

Language: Английский

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Interorgan Communication Pathways in Physiology: Focus on Drosophila

Annual Review of Genetics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 539 - 570

Published: Oct. 12, 2016

Studies in mammals and Drosophila have demonstrated the existence significance of secreted factors involved communication between distal organs. In this review, primarily focusing on Drosophila, we examine known interorgan their functions, physiological inducers, integration regulating physiology. Moreover, describe how organ-sensing screens can systematically identify novel conserved factors. Finally, discuss enabled evolved as a result specialization Together, anticipate that future studies will establish model for metazoan network (ICN) it is deregulated disease.

Language: Английский

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The wing imaginal disc

Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 220(4)

Published: March 4, 2022

Abstract The Drosophila wing imaginal disc is a tissue of undifferentiated cells that are precursors the and most notum adult fly. first forms during embryogenesis from cluster ∼30 located in second thoracic segment, which invaginate to form sac-like structure. They undergo extensive proliferation larval stages mature ∼35,000 cells. During this time, distinct cell fates assigned different regions, develops complex morphology. Finally, pupal undergoes morphogenetic processes then differentiates notum. While bulk comprises epithelial cells, it also includes neurons glia, associated with tracheal muscle precursor relative simplicity accessibility disc, combined wealth genetic tools available Drosophila, have make premier system for identifying genes deciphering systems play crucial roles animal development. Studies discs made key contributions many areas biology, including patterning, signal transduction, growth control, regeneration, planar polarity, morphogenesis, mechanics.

Language: Английский

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Regulation of Carbohydrate Energy Metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 207(4), P. 1231 - 1253

Published: Dec. 1, 2017

Carbohydrate metabolism is essential for cellular energy balance as well the biosynthesis of new building blocks. As animal nutrient intake displays temporal fluctuations and each cell type within possesses specific metabolic needs, elaborate regulatory systems are needed to coordinate carbohydrate in time space. regulated locally through gene networks signaling pathways, which receive inputs from sensors other such developmental signals. Superimposed on cell-intrinsic control, hormonal mediates intertissue information maintain organismal homeostasis. Misregulation causative many human diseases, diabetes cancer. Recent work Drosophila melanogaster has uncovered regulators introduced novel physiological roles previously known pathways. Moreover, genetically tractable models study metabolism-related diseases have provided insight into mechanisms pathogenesis. Due high degree conservation relevant vast possibilities analysis gene-nutrient interactions tissue-specific function, emerging an important model system research metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Regulation of Body Size and Growth Control

Genetics, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 216(2), P. 269 - 313

Published: Oct. 1, 2020

Abstract The control of body and organ growth is essential for the development adults with proper size proportions, which important survival reproduction. In animals, adult determined by rate duration juvenile growth, are influenced environment. nutrient-scarce environments in more time needed period can be extended delaying maturation, whereas rapidly completed nutrient-rich conditions. This flexibility requires integration environmental cues developmental signals that govern internal checkpoints to ensure maturation does not begin until sufficient tissue has occurred reach a size. Target Rapamycin (TOR) pathway primary cell-autonomous nutrient sensor, while circulating hormones such as steroids insulin-like factors main systemic regulators animals. We discuss recent findings Drosophila melanogaster showing environment growth-sensing mechanisms, involving TOR other growth-regulatory pathways, converge on insulin steroid relay centers responsible adjusting development, response external addition this, also monitored coordinated whole-body timing through modulation signaling. coordination involves interorgan communication mediated peptide 8 status. Together, these multiple nutritional feed into neuroendocrine hubs controlling signaling, serving at progression toward delayed. review focuses mechanisms conditions modulate size, highlights conserved architecture this system, made prime model understanding

Language: Английский

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Metabolism and growth adaptation to environmental conditions in Drosophila

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 77(22), P. 4523 - 4551

Published: May 24, 2020

Organisms adapt to changing environments by adjusting their development, metabolism, and behavior improve chances of survival reproduction. To achieve such flexibility, organisms must be able sense respond changes in external environmental conditions internal state. Metabolic adaptation response altered nutrient availability is key maintaining energy homeostasis sustaining developmental growth. Furthermore, variables exert major influences on growth final adult body size animals. This plasticity depends adaptive responses state cues that are essential for processes. Genetic studies have shown the fruit fly Drosophila, similarly mammals, regulates its growth, environment through several hormones including insulin, peptides with glucagon-like function, steroid hormones. Here we review emerging evidence showing various sensed different organs that, via inter-organ communication, relay information neuroendocrine centers control insulin signaling. focuses endocrine regulation highlighting recent advances role system as a signaling hub integrates inputs drives responses.

Language: Английский

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Similarities between decapod and insect neuropeptidomes

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 4, P. e2043 - e2043

Published: May 26, 2016

Background. Neuropeptides are important regulators of physiological processes and behavior. Although they tend to be generally well conserved, recent results using trancriptome sequencing on decapod crustaceans give the impression significant differences between species, raising question whether such real or artefacts. Methods. The BLAST+ program was used find short reads coding neuropeptides neurohormons in publicly available read archives. Such were then similar same archives, DNA assembly Trinity employed construct contigs encoding neuropeptide precursors as completely possible. Results. seven species analyzed this fashion, crabs Eriocheir sinensis, Carcinus maenas Scylla paramamosain , shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei lobster Homarus americanus fresh water prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii crayfish Procambarus clarkii had remarkably neuropeptidomes. some could not assembled, many cases individual pertaining missing show unambiguously that these present species. In other cases, tissues express those construction cDNA libraries. One novel identified: elongated PDH (pigment dispersing hormone), a variation has two-amino-acid insertion its core sequence. Hyrg is another peptide ubiquitously decapods likely precursor. Discussion. Many insect have lost one more genes, but apart from hyrg all at least allatotropin only decapods. This strong similarity neuropeptidomes makes it possible predict receptors for been deorphanized insects. includes androgenic insulin-like seems homologous drosophila 8.

Language: Английский

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Roles of the insulin signaling pathway in insect development and organ growth

Peptides, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 169923 - 169923

Published: Feb. 16, 2018

Language: Английский

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Growth Coordination During Drosophila melanogaster Imaginal Disc Regeneration Is Mediated by Signaling Through the Relaxin Receptor Lgr3 in the Prothoracic Gland

Genetics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 204(2), P. 703 - 709

Published: Aug. 25, 2016

Damage to Drosophila melanogaster imaginal discs activates a regeneration checkpoint that (1) extends larval development and (2) coordinates the of damaged disc with growth undamaged discs. These two systemic responses damage are both mediated by Dilp8, member insulin/insulin-like factor/relaxin family peptide hormones, which is released regenerating Growth coordination between dependent on Dilp8 activation nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in prothoracic gland (PG), slows limiting ecdysone synthesis. Here we demonstrate relaxin receptor homolog Lgr3, leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor, required for Dilp8-dependent developmental delay during checkpoint. Lgr3 regulates these via distinct mechanisms different tissues. Using tissue-specific RNA-interference disruption expression, show functions PG upstream NOS, necessary NOS When depleted from neurons, no longer produces either or inhibition. To reconcile discrete tissue requirements regenerative coordination, activity CNS following damage. Together, results identify new roles mediating signaling regulate timing.

Language: Английский

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A Drosophila Genome-Wide Screen Identifies Regulators of Steroid Hormone Production and Developmental Timing

Developmental Cell, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 37(6), P. 558 - 570

Published: June 1, 2016

Language: Английский

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