npj Clean Water,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: Feb. 19, 2020
Abstract
Antibiotics
are
widely
used
in
animal
husbandry,
and
various
types
of
antibiotic
resistance
genes
(ARGs)
frequently
detected
livestock
waste
around
the
world.
Conventional
treatment
processes
do
not
completely
remove
ARGs,
resulting
their
release
to
soil
water
environments.
Various
exposure
routes
these
ARGs
humans,
including
inhalation
ingestion
antibiotic-resistant
bacteria
(ARB)
that
harbor
them,
may
be
contributing
rise
resistant
clinical
infections
increasingly
difficult
treat
with
antibiotics.
In
this
review,
we
assess
occurrence
variability
wastes
potential
propagation
pathways
human
pathogens.
We
also
review
mechanisms
environmental
factors
influence
dissemination
through
pathways,
evaluate
ARG
removal
efficiency
common
management
approaches.
Challenges
research
needs
for
assessing
mitigating
risk
from
presented.
Molecules,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
26(1), P. 229 - 229
Published: Jan. 5, 2021
Resveratrol
(3,4',5-trihy-
droxystilbene),
a
natural
phytoalexin
polyphenol,
exhibits
anti-oxidant,
anti-inflammatory,
and
anti-carcinogenic
properties.
This
is
well-absorbed
rapidly
extensively
metabolized
in
the
body.
Inflammation
an
adaptive
response,
which
could
be
triggered
by
various
danger
signals,
such
as
invasion
microorganisms
or
tissue
injury.
In
this
review,
anti-inflammatory
activity
mechanism
of
resveratrol
modulates
inflammatory
response
are
examined.
Multiple
experimental
studies
that
illustrate
regulatory
mechanisms
immunomodulatory
function
both
vivo
vitro.
The
data
acquired
from
those
discussed.
Immunity & Ageing,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Sept. 13, 2019
Abstract
The
age-related
dysregulation
and
decline
of
the
immune
system—collectively
termed
“immunosenescence”—has
been
generally
associated
with
an
increased
susceptibility
to
infectious
pathogens
poor
vaccine
responses
in
older
adults.
While
numerous
studies
have
reported
on
clinical
outcomes
infected
or
vaccinated
individuals,
our
understanding
mechanisms
governing
onset
immunosenescence
its
effects
adaptive
immunity
remains
incomplete.
Age-dependent
differences
T
B
lymphocyte
populations
functions
well-defined,
yet
that
demonstrate
direct
associations
between
cell
function
individuals
are
lacking.
Despite
these
knowledge
gaps,
research
has
progressed
development
adjuvant
formulations
tailored
for
adults
order
boost
protective
overcome
immunosenescence.
In
this
review,
we
will
discuss
vaccines
light
current
understanding—or
lack
thereof—of
aging
system.
We
highlight
functional
changes
known
occur
system
age,
followed
by
a
discussion
current,
clinically
relevant
disproportionately
affect
central
focus
efforts
population.
conclude
outlook
personalized
areas
need
further
study
improve
fundamental
Cell Research,
Journal Year:
2016,
Volume and Issue:
26(4), P. 457 - 483
Published: March 25, 2016
Ubiquitination
has
emerged
as
a
crucial
mechanism
that
regulates
signal
transduction
in
diverse
biological
processes,
including
different
aspects
of
immune
functions.
pattern-recognition
receptor
signaling
mediates
both
innate
responses
and
dendritic
cell
maturation
required
for
initiation
adaptive
responses.
also
the
development,
activation,
differentiation
T
cells,
thereby
maintaining
efficient
to
pathogens
immunological
tolerance
self-tissues.
Like
phosphorylation,
ubiquitination
is
reversible
reaction
tightly
controlled
by
opposing
actions
ubiquitin
ligases
deubiquitinases.
Deregulated
events
are
associated
with
disorders,
autoimmune
inflammatory
diseases.
Molecular Therapy,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
27(4), P. 757 - 772
Published: Feb. 10, 2019
In
the
last
two
decades,
there
has
been
growing
interest
in
mRNA-based
technology
for
development
of
prophylactic
vaccines
against
infectious
diseases.
Technological
advancements
RNA
biology,
chemistry,
stability,
and
delivery
systems
have
accelerated
fully
synthetic
mRNA
vaccines.
Potent,
long-lasting,
safe
immune
responses
observed
animal
models,
as
well
encouraging
data
from
early
human
clinical
trials,
make
vaccination
an
attractive
alternative
to
conventional
vaccine
approaches.
Thanks
these
data,
together
with
potential
generic,
low-cost
manufacturing
processes
completely
nature,
prospects
are
very
promising.
addition,
streamline
discovery
development,
facilitate
a
rapid
response
emerging
this
review,
we
overview
unique
attributes
approaches,
review
diseases,
discuss
current
challenges,
highlight
perspectives
about
future
promising
technology.
npj Clean Water,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
3(1)
Published: Feb. 19, 2020
Abstract
Antibiotics
are
widely
used
in
animal
husbandry,
and
various
types
of
antibiotic
resistance
genes
(ARGs)
frequently
detected
livestock
waste
around
the
world.
Conventional
treatment
processes
do
not
completely
remove
ARGs,
resulting
their
release
to
soil
water
environments.
Various
exposure
routes
these
ARGs
humans,
including
inhalation
ingestion
antibiotic-resistant
bacteria
(ARB)
that
harbor
them,
may
be
contributing
rise
resistant
clinical
infections
increasingly
difficult
treat
with
antibiotics.
In
this
review,
we
assess
occurrence
variability
wastes
potential
propagation
pathways
human
pathogens.
We
also
review
mechanisms
environmental
factors
influence
dissemination
through
pathways,
evaluate
ARG
removal
efficiency
common
management
approaches.
Challenges
research
needs
for
assessing
mitigating
risk
from
presented.
