eLife assessment: Behavioral dissection of hunger states in Drosophila DOI Open Access
Michael B. Eisen

Published: March 7, 2023

Hunger is a motivational drive that promotes feeding, and it can be generated by the physiological need to consume nutrients as well hedonic properties of food. Brain circuits mechanisms regulate feeding have been described, but which these contribute generation motive forces unclear. Here, we describe our first efforts at behaviorally neuronally distinguishing from homeostatic hunger states in Drosophila melanogaster propose this system used model dissect molecular underlie motivation. We visually identify quantify behaviors exhibited hungry flies find increased duration behavioral signature Using genetically-encoded marker neuronal activity, mushroom body (MB) lobes are activated food environments, use optogenetic inhibition implicate PAM>α'/β' MB circuit The identification discrete development assays measure them offers framework begin dissecting generate brain.

Language: Английский

The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease DOI Open Access
M. Alemany

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2251 - 2251

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

This review focuses on the question of metabolic syndrome (MS) being a complex, but essentially monophyletic, galaxy associated diseases/disorders, or just related rather independent pathologies. The human nature MS (its exceptionality in Nature and its close interdependence with action evolution) is presented discussed. text also describes components, special emphasis description their interrelations (including syndromic development recruitment), as well consequences upon energy handling partition. main theories MS’s origin are relation to hepatic steatosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, encompass most components described so far. differential effects sex biological considered under light social needs evolution, which directly epidemiology, severity, relations senescence. triggering maintenance factors discussed, especial inflammation, complex process affecting different levels organization critical element for development. Inflammation operation connective tissue adipose organ) widely studied acknowledged influence diet. role diet composition, including transcendence anaplerotic Krebs cycle from dietary amino acid supply (and timing), developed context testosterone β-estradiol control insulin-glycaemia core system carbohydrate-triacylglycerol handling. high probability acting unique (essentially monophyletic) presented, together additional perspectives/considerations treatment this ‘very’ disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Dietary polyphenols regulate appetite mechanism via gut-brain axis and gut homeostasis DOI

Hongyan Liu,

Xue Guo, Kexin Jiang

et al.

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 446, P. 138739 - 138739

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Changes in neurotensin signalling drive hedonic devaluation in obesity DOI Creative Commons

N. Shimoni,

Amanda J. Tose, Charlotte Seng

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Calorie-rich foods, particularly those that are high in fat and sugar, evoke pleasure both humans animals 1 . However, prolonged consumption of such foods may reduce their hedonic value, potentially contributing to obesity 2–4 Here we investigated this phenomenon mice on a chronic high-fat diet (HFD). Although these preferred food over regular chow home cages, they showed reduced interest calorie-rich no-effort setting. This paradoxical decrease feeding has been reported previously 3–7 , but its neurobiological basis remains unclear. We found diet, neurons the lateral nucleus accumbens (NAcLat) projecting ventral tegmental area (VTA) encoded behaviours. In HFD mice, behaviour was uncoupled from neural activity. Optogenetic stimulation NAcLat→VTA pathway increased not though restored when returned diet. exhibited neurotensin expression release pathway. Furthermore, knockout NAcLat receptor blockade VTA each abolished optogenetically induced behaviour. Enhancing signalling via overexpression normalized aspects diet-induced obesity, including weight gain feeding. Together, our findings identify circuit mechanism links devaluation with obesity.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Sex-specific signatures of GLP-1 and amylin on resting state brain activity and functional connectivity in awake rats. DOI Creative Commons
Tanzil Mahmud Arefin, Stina Börchers,

Doris I. Olekanma

et al.

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110348 - 110348

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Gut-produced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and pancreas-made amylin robustly reduce food intake by directly or indirectly affecting brain activity. While for both peptides a direct action in the hindbrain hypothalamus is likely, few studies examined their impact on whole activity rodents did so evaluating male under anesthesia. However, sex anesthesia may significantly alter influence of feeding controlling molecules Therefore, we investigated effect GLP-1 functional connectivity (FC) awake adult female rats using resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). We further relationship between altered subsequent response to GLP-1. observed divergent effects FC patterns. Most importantly correlation analysis behavior revealed that different areas potentially drive reduced rats. Our findings underscore distributed distinctly neural network engaged each these anorexic suggest be primary drivers outcome Moreover, prominent alterations not typically associated with sexes either indicate novel centers alternatively involvement substances behaviors beyond metabolism. The latter question potential translational significance as analogues are clinically utilized.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The impact of acute exercise on appetite control: Current insights and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Alice E. Thackray, David J. Stensel

Appetite, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186, P. 106557 - 106557

Published: April 10, 2023

The interaction of exercise with appetite control and energy intake has been widely studied due to the ability exercise-related expenditure influence substrate balance. Many empirical studies have explored responses acute (single) bouts involving a variety protocols in diverse populations revealing several consistent trends. balance evidence suggests that moderate-to-vigorous intensity land-based suppresses subjective feelings orexigenic hormone acylated ghrelin elevates anorexigenic hormones peptide YY glucagon-like peptide-1. These perturbations are transient concentrations usually return resting values hours after without evoking compensatory increases or on same day. This counters popular assertion transiently may prompt greater at subsequent meals. indifference system exercise-induced deficits contrasts immediate provoked by equivalent diet-induced deficits. There is, however, considerable inter-individual variability hormonal some individuals experiencing suppression than others. Current supports promotion as strategy for inducing short-term deficit but relevance this long-term regulation body mass remains uncertain.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
A New Dietary Fiber Can Enhance Satiety and Reduce Postprandial Blood Glucose in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial DOI Open Access

Simou Wu,

Wen Jia, Huimin He

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(21), P. 4569 - 4569

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Background: Dietary fiber plays a potential role in regulating energy intake and stabilizing postprandial blood glucose levels. Soluble dietary has become an important entry point for nutritional research on the regulation of satiety. Methods: this was double-blind, randomized cross-over trial enrolling 12 healthy subjects to compare effects RPG (R+PolyGly) products (bread, powder, capsule) pectin administered with standard meal satiety, glucose, serum insulin level. Results: Adding 3.8% bread significantly increased volume, water content, hardness, chewiness compared white improved sensory quality bread. had better appetite suppression at some time points than other two groups best lowering among three groups. Administration capsules containing 5.6 g meals satiety reduced hunger 6 powder pectin, which greatest effect suppressing reducing prospective food consumption. The peak level glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) capsule group (578.17 ± 19.93 pg/mL) higher that 0 min 30 after eating. increasing levels; total area under curve (AUC) (5960 252.46 μU min/mL). Conclusion: can improve properties food, reduce enhance especially forms. Further physiological is required facilitate its use as functional ingredient products.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Sucrose overconsumption impairs AgRP neuron dynamics and promotes palatable food intake DOI Creative Commons
Carolyn M. Lorch, Nikolas W. Hayes,

Jessica L. Xia

et al.

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(2), P. 113675 - 113675

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Rapid gut-brain communication is critical to maintain energy balance and disrupted in diet-induced obesity. In particular, the role of carbohydrate overconsumption regulation interoceptive circuits vivo requires further investigation. Here, we report that an obesogenic high-sucrose diet (HSD) selectively blunts silencing hunger-promoting agouti-related protein (AgRP) neurons following intragastric delivery glucose, whereas previously showed a high-fat (HFD) attenuates lipid-induced neural silencing. By contrast, both HSD HFD reversibly dampen rapid AgRP neuron inhibition chow presentation promote intake more palatable foods. Our findings reveal excess sugar fat pathologically modulate feeding circuit activity macronutrient-dependent -independent ways thus may additively exacerbate

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The rostromedial tegmental nucleus gates fat overconsumption through ventral tegmental area output in male rats DOI

Florian Schoukroun,

Katia Befort,

Romain Bourdy

et al.

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(10), P. 1569 - 1579

Published: April 3, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Seasonal food intake and energy balance: Neuronal and non-neuronal control mechanisms DOI Creative Commons
Daniel Appenroth, Fernando Cázarez‐Márquez

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 110050 - 110050

Published: June 22, 2024

Animals inhabiting temperate and high latitudes undergo drastic seasonal changes in energy storage, facilitated by food intake body mass. Those the animal's biology are not mere consequences of environmental availability but anticipatory responses to energetic requirements upcoming season actively timed tracking annual progression photoperiod. In this review, we discuss how photoperiod is used control balance seasonally distinct from homeostasis. Most notably, suggest that photoperiodic mass does originate arcuate nucleus, as for homeostatic appetite control, rather be found hypothalamic tanycytes. Tanycytes specialized ependymal cells lining third ventricle, which can sense metabolites cerebrospinal fluid (e.g. glucose) access circulating signals brain. They also essential conveying time-of-year information integrating altering thyroid metabolism, a feature conserved vertebrates connects breeding metabolism. We feedback handled during times rapid transitions. Studies on leptin mammals shift central sensitivity blood-brain transport, might

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Distinct basal forebrain-originated neural circuits promote homoeostatic feeding and suppress hedonic feeding in male mice DOI
Hailan Liu, Jonathan C. Bean, Yongxiang Li

et al.

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(9), P. 1775 - 1790

Published: Aug. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3