Depression-like phenotypes in mice with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury: A role of gut–microbiota–liver–brain axis via vagus nerve

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 345, P. 157 - 167

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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Epstein–Barr virus-acquired immunodeficiency in myalgic encephalomyelitis—Is it present in long COVID?

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Sept. 17, 2023

Abstract Both myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and long COVID (LC) are characterized by similar immunological alterations, persistence of viral infection, autoimmunity, inflammatory state, reactivation, hypocortisolism, microclot formation. They also present with symptoms such as asthenia, exercise intolerance, sleep disorders, cognitive dysfunction, neurological gastrointestinal complaints. In addition, both pathologies Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) indicating the possibility this being link between pathologies. Therefore, we propose that latency recurrent EBV reactivation could generate an acquired immunodeficiency in three steps: first, develops individuals “weak” HLA-II haplotypes, which prevents control I cells. Second, ectopic lymphoid structures form different tissues (including CNS), promoting responses further impairment cell-mediated immunity. Finally, immune exhaustion occurs due to exposure antigens, consolidation disease. case LC, prior first step, there is previous SARS-CoV-2 infection haplotypes against and/or EBV.

Language: Английский

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Exploring gut–lung axis crosstalk in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: Insights from a hACE2 mouse model

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Based on the forefront of clinical research, there is a growing recognition that gut microbiota, which plays pivotal role in shaping both innate and adaptive immune systems, may significantly contribute to pathogenesis coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Although an association between altered microbiota COVID‐19 has been established, causative mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Additionally, validation precise functional alterations within relevant limited by scarcity suitable animal experimental models. In present investigation, we employed newly developed humanized ACE2 knock‐in (hACE2‐KI) mouse model, capable recapitulating critical aspects pulmonary intestinal infection, explore modifications following severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Examination fecal samples using 16S rRNA gene profiling unveiled notable reduction species richness conspicuous composition at 6 days postinfection (dpi). These were primarily characterized decline beneficial bacterial escalation certain opportunistic pathogens. Moreover, our analysis entailed correlation study plasma cytokine concentrations, revealing potential involvement Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_ group unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae genera attenuating hyperinflammatory responses triggered Furthermore, integration data with RNA‐seq results suggested increased presence Staphylococcus signify for coinfection lung tissues via translocation. summary, hACE2‐KI model effectively recapitulated observed during SARS‐CoV‐2 This presents valuable tool elucidating microbiota‐targeted strategies aimed mitigating COVID‐19.

Language: Английский

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The Vagus Nerve-Dependent Lung-Brain Axis Mediates Brain Demyelination Following Acute Lung Injury

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 100966 - 100966

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Patients with acute lung injury (ALI) often experience psychiatric and neurological symptoms; however, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Given that white matter loss (demyelination) contributes to these symptoms, we investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI leads brain demyelination via a vagus nerve-dependent lung-brain axis. A single intratracheal injection of LPS caused severe in corpus callosum (CC) mouse brains. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy did not affect LPS-induced or CC. Interestingly, cervical significantly attenuated hypo-locomotion, plasma interleukin-6 levels, CC mice without influencing injury. These findings demonstrate can induce axis, highlighting critical role this pathway symptoms observed patients.

Language: Английский

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Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea: a systematic review

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 107 - 114

Published: March 28, 2024

This systematic review evaluated psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We included studies that reported or investigated AEs in individuals who had received an approved COVID-19 vaccine the Republic of Korea. Systematic electronic searches Ovid-Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and KoreaMed databases were conducted on March 22, 2023. Risk bias was assessed using Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies 2.0. The study protocol registered International Prospective Register Reviews (CRD42023449422). Of 301 articles initially selected, 7 final analysis. All sleep disturbances, 2 highlighted anxiety-related AEs. Sleep disorders like insomnia narcolepsy most prevalent AEs, while depression not reported. Our suggests these may have been influenced by biological mechanisms as well broader psychosocial context pandemic. Although this limitations, such a primary focus BNT162b2 observational design, it offered systematic, multi-vaccine analysis fills critical gap existing literature. underscores need continued surveillance guides future research to investigate underlying mechanisms, identify risk factors, inform clinical management.

Language: Английский

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Exploring common pathogenic association between Epstein Barr virus infection and long-COVID by integrating RNA-Seq and molecular dynamics simulations

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

The term "Long-COVID" (LC) is characterized by the aftereffects of COVID-19 infection. Various studies have suggested that Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) reactivation among significant reported causes LC. However, there a lack in-depth research could largely explore pathogenic mechanism and pinpoint key genes in EBV LC context. This study mainly aimed to predict potential disease-associated common between condition using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data naturally occurring biomolecules as inhibitors. We applied bulk RNA-Seq from EBV-infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), identified differentially expressed (DEGs) Protein–Protein interaction (PPI) network STRING database, hub cytoscape plugins CytoHubba MCODE, performed enrichment analysis ClueGO. gene was against bioflavonoid molecules molecular docking dynamics (MD) simulation method. Out 357 genes, 22 (CCL2, CCL20, CDCA2, CEP55, CHI3L1, CKAP2L, DEPDC1, DIAPH3, DLGAP5, E2F8, FGF1, NEK2, PBK, TOP2A, CCL3, CXCL8, IL6, RETN, MMP2, LCN2, OLR1) were classified remaining ones neighboring genes. Enrichment showed role various pathways such immune-signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT signaling, interleukin protein kinase toll-like receptor associated with symptoms condition. ZNF MYBL TF-family predicted abundant TFs controlling genes' transcriptional machinery. Furthermore, OLR1 (PDB: 7XMP) stable interactions five shortlisted refined bioflavonoids, i.e., apigenin, amentoflavone, ilexgenin A, myricetin, orientin compounds. total binding energy pattern observed, amentoflavone being top docked molecule (with affinity –8.3 kcal/mol) lowest −18.48 kcal/mol. In conclusion, our has their inhibitors association. vivo or vitro experimental methods be utilized functionally validate findings, which would helpful cure prevent reactivation.

Language: Английский

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Impact of SARS-CoV2 infection on gut microbiota dysbiosis

Microbiome Research Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Dec. 6, 2023

The composition and function of the gut microbiota constantly influence health. Disruptions in this delicate balance, termed dysbiosis, have been implicated various adverse health events. As largest global epidemic since 1918, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) had devastating consequences. While primary impact Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has on system, a growing body research unveiled significant involvement gastrointestinal tract as well. Emerging evidence underscores notable alterations microbiome COVID-19 patients. In addition, is also characterized by an abundance opportunistic pathogens, which related to disease manifestations intricate bidirectional interaction between mucosa microbiota, known gut-lung axis, emerges crucial player pathological immune response triggered SARS-CoV-2. Here, we discuss microbiota-based characteristics patients long-term consequences dysregulation. These insights could potentially transform development interventions for COVID-19, offering hope improved outcomes enhanced patient recovery.

Language: Английский

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Eliminating COVID‐19 as the immediate culprit for igniting pancreatitis

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Abstract The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection on the potential development pancreatitis is a subject ongoing debate within academic discourse. Establishing causal link between COVID‐19 and may not be fully supported by relying only retrospective studies or case reports. This study examined relationship phenotypes Mendelian randomization (MR) method. identification instrumental variables (single nucleotide polymorphisms) that exhibit robust association with was accomplished through meticulous process rigorous screening procedures. We included chronic (CP) as outcomes in MR analysis, even though no definitive exist CP. A direct genetically predicted risk cannot established. There an over designation cause pancreatitis.

Language: Английский

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The potential role of vagus nerve dysfunction and dysautonomia in long COVID

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4), P. 423 - 427

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Role of the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Brain Cells

Viral Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(2), P. 61 - 78

Published: Feb. 5, 2024

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, can have neurological effects, including cognitive symptoms like brain fog and memory problems. Research on effects of COVID-19 is ongoing, factors such as inflammation, disrupted blood flow, damage to vessels may contribute symptoms. Notably, some authors existing evidence suggest that virus enter central nervous system through different routes, olfactory nerve bloodstream. infection has been associated with altered consciousness, headaches, dizziness, mental disorders. The exact mechanisms impact formation shrinkage are still being studied. This review will focus pathways blood–brain barrier disruption, it then highlight interactions cell types in brain, namely neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia.

Language: Английский

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