Thalamocortical architectures for flexible cognition and efficient learning DOI Creative Commons
Daniel N. Scott, Arghya Mukherjee, Matthew R. Nassar

et al.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 739 - 756

Published: June 17, 2024

The brain exhibits a remarkable ability to learn and execute context-appropriate behaviors. How it achieves such flexibility, without sacrificing learning efficiency, is an important open question. Neuroscience, psychology, engineering suggest that reusing repurposing computations are part of the answer. Here, we review evidence thalamocortical architectures may have evolved facilitate these objectives flexibility efficiency by coordinating distributed computations. Recent work suggests prefrontal cortical networks compute with flexible codes, mediodorsal thalamus provides regularization promote efficient reuse. Thalamocortical interactions resemble hierarchical Bayesian computations, their network implementation can be related existing gating, synchronization, hub theories thalamic function. By reviewing recent findings providing novel synthesis, highlight key research horizons integrating computation, cognition, systems neuroscience.

Language: Английский

The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function DOI Creative Commons
Naomi P. Friedman, Trevor W. Robbins

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 72 - 89

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits controlled automatic processing, related to the functions prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions networks. A psychometric approach shows unity diversity CC constructs, 3 components most commonly studied constructs: general or common specific mental set shifting working memory updating. These constructs considered against cellular systems neurobiology PFC what is known its functional neuroanatomical network organization based on lesioning, neurochemical, neuroimaging approaches across species. also context motivation, as "cool" "hot" forms. Its Common component shown be distinct from intelligence (g) closely response inhibition. Impairments possible causes psychiatric symptoms consequences disorders. The factor psychopathology (p) dimensional such impulsivity large scale developmental adult populations considered, well implications for genetic studies RDoC classification.

Language: Английский

Citations

869
20 years of the default mode network: A review and synthesis DOI Open Access
Vinod Menon

Neuron, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 111(16), P. 2469 - 2487

Published: May 10, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

284
Anterior insula as a gatekeeper of executive control DOI Creative Commons

Istvan Molnar-Szakacs,

Lucina Q. Uddin

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 139, P. 104736 - 104736

Published: June 11, 2022

Executive control is a complex high-level cognitive function that relies on distributed brain circuitry. We propose the anterior insular cortex plays an under-appreciated role in executive processes, acting as gatekeeper to other regions and networks by virtue of primacy action effective connectivity. The flexible functional profile subdivision renders it key hub within broader midcingulo-insular 'salience network', allowing orchestrate drive activity major including medial frontoparietal 'default mode network' lateral 'central network'. microanatomy large-scale connectivity positions play critical triaging integrating internal external multisensory stimuli service initiating higher-order functions. Multiple lines evidence scaffold novel hypothesis that, for integration lever network switching, insula serves control.

Language: Английский

Citations

175
Integrative Brain Network and Salience Models of Psychopathology and Cognitive Dysfunction in Schizophrenia DOI Creative Commons
Vinod Menon, Lena Palaniyappan, Kaustubh Supekar

et al.

Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 94(2), P. 108 - 120

Published: Oct. 4, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

73
Toward naturalistic neuroscience: Mechanisms underlying the flattening of brain hierarchy in movie-watching compared to rest and task DOI Creative Commons
Morten L. Kringelbach, Yonatan Sanz Perl, Enzo Tagliazucchi

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2)

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Identifying the functional specialization of brain has moved from using cognitive tasks and resting state to ecological relevant, naturalistic movies. We leveraged a large-scale neuroimaging dataset directly investigate hierarchical reorganization activity when watching films compared performing seven resting. A thermodynamics-inspired whole-brain model paradigm revealed generative underlying mechanisms for changing balance in causal interactions between regions different conditions. Paradoxically, hierarchy is flatter movie-watching, level nonreversibility significantly smaller comparison both rest tasks, where latter turn have highest levels nonreversibility. The were by model-based effective connectivity (GEC). Naturalistic could therefore provide fast convenient way measure important changes GEC (integrating anatomical connectivity) found in, example, neuropsychiatric disorders. Overall, this study demonstrates benefits moving toward more neuroscience.

Language: Английский

Citations

60
From compulsivity to compulsion: the neural basis of compulsive disorders DOI
Trevor W. Robbins, Paula Banca, David Belin

et al.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 313 - 333

Published: April 9, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Frontal lobe syndromes DOI
Mark D’Esposito

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 627 - 640

Published: July 16, 2024

Citations

19
Gene expression networks regulated by human personality DOI Creative Commons
Coral del Val, Elisa Díaz de la Guardia‐Bolívar, Igor Zwir

et al.

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 2241 - 2260

Published: March 4, 2024

Genome-wide association studies of human personality have been carried out, but transcription the whole genome has not studied in relation to humans. We collected genome-wide expression profiles adults characterize regulation and function genes related personality. devised an innovative multi-omic approach network analysis identify key control elements interactions multi-modular networks. identified sets transcribed that were co-expressed specific brain regions with known be associated Then we minimum networks for co-localized using bioinformatic resources. Subjects 459 from Young Finns Study who completed Temperament Character Inventory provided peripheral blood genomic transcriptomic analysis. extrinsic 45 regulatory seed involved self-regulation emotional reactivity extracellular stimuli (e.g., anxiety) intrinsic 43 interpretations meaning production concepts language). discovered between two coordinated by a hub 3 miRNAs protein-coding shared both. Interactions proteins ncRNAs more than 100 overlap directly personality-related another 4000 interact indirectly. conclude six-gene is crux integrative orchestrates information-transfer throughout system over enriched liquid-liquid-phase-separation (LLPS)-related RNAs, diverse factors, hominid-specific lncRNAs. Gene regulate neuronal plasticity, epigenesis, adaptive functioning salience self-awareness.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Orthogonal neural encoding of targets and distractors supports multivariate cognitive control DOI
Harrison Ritz, Amitai Shenhav

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5), P. 945 - 961

Published: March 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Annual Research Review: What processes are dysregulated among emotionally dysregulated youth? – a systematic review DOI Creative Commons
Joseph C. Blader, Amy Garrett,

Steven R. Pliszka

et al.

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Proliferation of the term “emotion dysregulation” in child psychopathology parallels growing interest processes that influence negative emotional reactivity. While it commonly refers to a clinical phenotype where intense anger leads behavioral dyscontrol, implies etiology because anything is dysregulated requires an impaired regulatory mechanism. Many cognitive, affective, behavioral, neural, and social have been studied improve understanding emotion dysregulation. Nevertheless, defective mechanism might underlie remains unclear. This systematic review research on affect dysregulation endeavors develop integrative framework for wide variety factors investigated. It seeks ascertain which, if any, constitutes Based this review, we propose organizing emotion‐relevant into categories pertaining stimulus processing, response selection control, generation, closed‐ or open‐loop feedback‐based regulation, experiential influences. Our finds scant evidence closed‐loop (automatic) mechanisms downregulate arousal rapidly. Open‐loop (deliberate) strategies seem effective low‐to‐moderate arousal. More extensive supports roles aspects processing (sensory sensitivity, salience, appraisal, threat reward expectancy). Response control functions, such as inhibitory show robust associations with Processes relating generation highlight aberrant features autonomic, endocrine, functioning, tonic mood states. A large literature adverse childhood experiences family interactions shows unique joint effects interpersonal child‐level risks. We conclude require further specification. Integrating along axis from input through corrective feedback may promote (a) heterogeneity pathogenesis, (b) interrelationships between these factors, (c) derivation better‐targeted treatments address specific pathogenic affected youth.

Language: Английский

Citations

2