Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: Jan. 4, 2021
Abstract
Esophageal
cancer
(EC)
is
a
disease
often
marked
by
aggressive
growth
and
poor
prognosis.
Lack
of
targeted
therapies,
resistance
to
chemoradiation
therapy,
distant
metastases
among
patients
with
advanced
account
for
the
high
mortality
rate.
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
contains
several
cell
types,
including
fibroblasts,
immune
cells,
adipocytes,
stromal
proteins,
factors,
which
play
significant
role
in
supporting
behavior
cells.
complex
dynamic
interactions
secreted
cytokines,
chemokines,
their
receptors
mediate
chronic
inflammation
immunosuppressive
TME
favoring
progression,
metastasis,
decreased
response
therapy.
molecular
changes
are
used
as
biological
markers
diagnosis,
prognosis,
treatment
patients.
This
review
highlighted
novel
insights
into
understanding
functional
impact
deregulated
cytokines
chemokines
imparting
EC,
stressing
nature
therapeutic
consequences
cytokine-chemokine
network.
We
also
discuss
oncogenic
potential
contributing
Epithelial-Mesenchymal
Transition
(EMT),
angiogenesis,
immunosuppression,
metastatic
niche,
development.
In
addition,
it
discusses
wide
range
intracellular
signaling
pathways
that
occur
TME.
Overall,
this
relatively
unexplored
field
could
provide
crucial
immunology
encourage
effective
application
modulatory
therapy
EC.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: Dec. 8, 2022
Abstract
Many
types
of
human
cells
self-destruct
to
maintain
biological
homeostasis
and
defend
the
body
against
pathogenic
substances.
This
process,
called
regulated
cell
death
(RCD),
is
important
for
various
activities,
including
clearance
aberrant
cells.
Thus,
RCD
pathways
represented
by
apoptosis
have
increased
in
importance
as
a
target
development
cancer
medications
recent
years.
However,
because
tumor
show
avoidance
apoptosis,
which
causes
treatment
resistance
recurrence,
numerous
studies
been
devoted
alternative
mortality
processes,
namely
necroptosis,
pyroptosis,
ferroptosis,
cuproptosis;
these
modalities
extensively
studied
shown
be
crucial
therapy
effectiveness.
Furthermore,
evidence
suggests
that
undergoing
may
alter
immunogenicity
microenvironment
(TME)
some
extent,
rendering
it
more
suitable
inhibiting
progression
metastasis.
In
addition,
other
components
TME
undergo
abovementioned
forms
induce
immune
attacks
on
cells,
resulting
enhanced
antitumor
responses.
Hence,
this
review
discusses
molecular
processes
features
cuproptosis
effects
novel
proliferation
Importantly,
introduces
complex
affect
biology.
It
also
summarizes
potential
agents
nanoparticles
or
inhibit
their
therapeutic
based
from
vivo
vitro
reports
clinical
trials
inducers
evaluated
treatments
patients.
Lastly,
we
summarized
impact
modulating
drug
advantages
adding
modulators
over
conventional
treatments.
British Journal of Cancer,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
124(1), P. 13 - 26
Published: Nov. 26, 2020
Despite
being
the
hallmark
of
cancer
that
is
responsible
for
highest
number
deaths,
very
little
known
about
biology
metastasis.
Metastatic
disease
typically
manifests
after
a
protracted
period
undetectable
following
surgery
or
systemic
therapy,
owing
to
relapse
recurrence.
In
case
breast
cancer,
metastatic
can
occur
months
decades
initial
diagnosis
and
treatment.
this
review,
we
provide
an
overview
key
factors
influence
recurrence,
with
goal
highlighting
critical
unanswered
questions
still
need
be
addressed
make
difference
in
mortality
patients.
British Journal of Cancer,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
124(1), P. 76 - 90
Published: Nov. 4, 2020
Upregulation
of
sialyltransferases-the
enzymes
responsible
for
the
addition
sialic
acid
to
growing
glycoconjugate
chains-and
resultant
hypersialylation
up
40-60%
tumour
cell
surfaces
are
established
hallmarks
several
cancers,
including
lung,
breast,
ovarian,
pancreatic
and
prostate
cancer.
Hypersialylation
promotes
metastasis
by
routes,
enhancing
immune
evasion
survival,
stimulating
invasion
migration.
The
critical
role
that
regulate
in
growth
points
towards
targeting
sialylation
as
a
potential
new
anti-metastatic
cancer
treatment
strategy.
Herein,
we
explore
insights
into
mechanisms
which
plays
promoting
metastasis,
current
state
sialyltransferase
inhibitor
development.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
6(1)
Published: Dec. 20, 2021
Abstract
Melanoma
is
the
most
lethal
skin
cancer
that
originates
from
malignant
transformation
of
melanocytes.
Although
melanoma
has
long
been
regarded
as
a
cancerous
malignancy
with
few
therapeutic
options,
increased
biological
understanding
and
unprecedented
innovations
in
therapies
targeting
mutated
driver
genes
immune
checkpoints
have
substantially
improved
prognosis
patients.
However,
low
response
rate
inevitable
occurrence
resistance
to
currently
available
targeted
posed
obstacle
path
management
obtain
further
amelioration.
Therefore,
it
necessary
understand
mechanisms
underlying
pathogenesis
more
comprehensively,
which
might
lead
substantial
progress
approaches
expand
clinical
options
for
therapy.
In
this
review,
we
firstly
make
brief
introduction
epidemiology,
subtypes,
risk
factors,
current
therapies.
Then,
signal
pathways
orchestrating
pathogenesis,
including
genetic
mutations,
key
transcriptional
regulators,
epigenetic
dysregulations,
metabolic
reprogramming,
crucial
metastasis-related
signals,
tumor-promoting
inflammatory
pathways,
pro-angiogenic
systemically
reviewed
discussed.
Subsequently,
outline
progresses
checkpoints,
well
treatment
resistance.
Finally,
prospects
challenges
development
therapy,
especially
immunotherapy
related
ongoing
trials,
are
summarized
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
22(12), P. 6560 - 6560
Published: June 18, 2021
Rather
than
primary
solid
tumors,
metastasis
is
one
of
the
hallmarks
most
cancer
deaths.
Metastasis
a
multistage
event
in
which
cells
escape
from
tumor
survive
circulation
and
disseminate
to
distant
sites.
According
Stephen
Paget's
"Seed
Soil"
hypothesis,
metastatic
capacity
determined
not
only
by
internal
oncogenic
driving
force
but
also
external
environment
cells.
Throughout
body,
macrophages
are
required
for
maintaining
tissue
homeostasis,
even
milieu.
To
fulfill
these
multiple
functions,
polarized
inflammation
status
(M1-like)
anti-inflammation
(M2-like)
maintain
balance
between
regeneration.
However,
cell-enforced
tumor-associated
(TAMs)
(a
high
M2/M1
ratio
status)
associated
with
poor
prognosis
such
as
ovarian
cancer.
In
fact,
clinical
evidence
has
verified
that
TAMs,
representing
up
50%
mass,
exert
both
protumor
immunosuppressive
effects
promoting
through
secretion
interleukin
10
(IL10),
transforming
growth
factor
β
(TGFβ),
VEGF,
expression
PD-1
consumption
arginine
inhibit
T
cell
anti-tumor
function.
underlying
molecular
mechanisms
microenvironment
favors
reprogramming
TAMs
establish
premetastatic
niche
remain
controversial.
this
review,
we
examine
latest
investigations
during
development,
microenvironmental
factors
involved
macrophage
polarization,
TAM-mediated
metastasis.
We
hope
dissect
critical
roles
metastasis,
potential
applications
TAM-targeted
therapeutic
strategies
treatment
discussed.
