Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Sept. 18, 2023
Little
is
known
about
circular
RNAs
(circRNAs)
in
specific
brain
cells
and
human
neuropsychiatric
disease.
Here,
we
systematically
identify
over
11,039
circRNAs
expressed
vulnerable
dopamine
pyramidal
neurons
laser-captured
from
190
brains
non-neuronal
using
ultra-deep,
total
RNA
sequencing.
1526
3308
are
custom-tailored
to
the
cell
identity
of
enriched
synapse
pathways.
29%
Parkinson's
12%
Alzheimer's
disease-associated
genes
produced
validated
circRNAs.
circDNAJC6,
which
transcribed
a
juvenile-onset
gene,
already
dysregulated
during
prodromal,
onset
stages
common
disease
neuropathology.
Globally,
addiction-associated
preferentially
produce
neurons,
autism-associated
cancers
cells.
This
study
shows
that
tailored
neuron
implicate
circRNA-regulated
synaptic
specialization
diseases.
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(17), P. 7509 - 7531
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Lipid
nanoparticles
(LNPs)
have
been
one
of
the
most
successful
nano-delivery
vehicles
that
enable
efficient
delivery
cytotoxic
chemotherapy
agents,
antibiotics,
and
nucleic
acid
therapeutics.During
coronavirus
disease
(COVID-19)
pandemic,
LNP-based
COVID-19
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
vaccines
from
Pfizer/BioNTech
Moderna
successfully
developed,
resulting
in
global
sales
$37
billion
$17.7
billion,
respectively,
2021.Based
on
this
success,
development
multiple
therapeutics
is
gaining
momentum
due
to
its
potential
for
various
genetic
diseases
cancers.Furthermore,
imaging
techniques
can
be
utilized
evaluate
pharmacokinetics
pharmacodynamics
(PK/PD)
effects,
which
helps
target
discovery
accelerates
mRNA
therapies.A
thorough
introduction
explanation
components
LNPs
functions
along
with
production
methods
formulating
are
provided
review.Furthermore,
recent
advances
clinics
clinical
trials
explored.Additionally,
evaluation
PK/PD
current
roles
developing
pharmaceutics
through
will
discussed.
International Journal of Medical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
19(6), P. 975 - 985
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Circular
RNA
(circRNA)
is
a
novel
endogenous
non-coding
(ncRNA)
that,
like
microRNA
(miRNA),
rapidly
emerging
research
topic.
CircRNA,
unlike
traditional
linear
RNAs
(which
have
5'
and
3'
ends),
has
closed-loop
structure
that
unaffected
by
exonucleases.
Thus,
circRNA
sustained
expression
less
sensitive
to
degradation.
Since
circRNAs
many
miRNAs
binding
sites,
eliminating
their
repressive
effects
on
target
genes
can
strongly
enhance
expression.
CircRNAs
serve
an
important
regulatory
role
in
disease
onset
progression
via
specific
circRNA-miRNA
interactions.
We
summarized
the
current
progress
elucidating
mechanisms
biogenesis
of
this
review.
In
particular,
function
mainly
as
miRNA
sponges,
regulating
host
gene
protein
transportation.
Finally,
we
discussed
application
prospects
significant
challenges
for
development
circRNA-based
therapeutics.
Oncogene,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
42(38), P. 2783 - 2800
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
Abstract
To
date,
thousands
of
highly
abundant
and
conserved
single-stranded
RNA
molecules
shaped
into
ring
structures
(circRNAs)
have
been
identified.
CircRNAs
are
multifunctional
that
shown
to
regulate
gene
expression
transcriptionally
post-transcriptionally
exhibit
distinct
tissue-
development-specific
patterns
associated
with
a
variety
normal
disease
conditions,
including
cancer
pathogenesis.
Over
the
past
years,
due
their
intrinsic
stability
resistance
ribonucleases,
particular
attention
has
drawn
use
as
reliable
diagnostic
prognostic
biomarkers
in
diagnosis,
treatment,
prevention.
However,
there
some
critical
caveats
utility
clinic.
Their
circular
shape
limits
annotation
complete
functional
elucidation
is
lacking.
This
makes
detection
biomedical
application
still
challenging.
Herein,
we
review
current
knowledge
circRNA
biogenesis
function,
involvement
tumorigenesis
potential
cancer-targeted
therapy.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Sept. 11, 2023
Abstract
CircRNAs
are
a
class
of
single-stranded
RNAs
with
covalently
linked
head-to-tail
topology.
In
the
decades
since
its
initial
discovery,
their
biogenesis,
regulation,
and
function
have
rapidly
disclosed,
permitting
better
understanding
adoption
them
as
new
tools
for
medical
applications.
With
development
biotechnology
molecular
medicine,
artificial
circRNAs
been
engineered
novel
vaccines
disease
treatment
prevention.
Unlike
linear
mRNA
vaccine
which
applications
were
limited
by
instability,
inefficiency,
innate
immunogenicity,
circRNA
incorporate
internal
ribosome
entry
sites
(IRESs)
open
reading
frame
(ORF)
provides
an
improved
approach
to
RNA-based
vaccination
safety,
stability,
simplicity
manufacture,
scalability.
However,
at
early
stage,
optimization,
delivery
require
further
evaluation.
this
review,
we
comprehensively
describe
vaccine,
including
history
superiority.
We
also
summarize
discuss
current
methodological
research
preparation,
design,
synthesis,
purification.
Finally,
highlight
options
potential
in
diseases
Considering
unique
high
low
protein/peptide-coding
capacity
special
closed-loop
construction,
circRNA-based
therapeutic
platforms
may
superior
application
prospects
broad
range
diseases.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: June 26, 2023
Abstract
Exosomal
circRNA
serves
a
novel
genetic
information
molecule,
facilitating
communication
between
tumor
cells
and
microenvironmental
cells,
such
as
immune
fibroblasts,
other
components,
thereby
regulating
critical
aspects
of
cancer
progression
including
escape,
angiogenesis,
metabolism,
drug
resistance,
proliferation
metastasis.
Interestingly,
microenvironment
have
new
findings
in
influencing
escape
mediated
by
the
release
exosomal
circRNA.
Given
intrinsic
stability,
abundance,
broad
distribution
circRNAs,
they
represent
excellent
diagnostic
prognostic
biomarkers
for
liquid
biopsy.
Moreover,
artificially
synthesized
circRNAs
may
open
up
possibilities
therapy,
potentially
bolstered
nanoparticles
or
plant
exosome
delivery
strategies.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
functions
underlying
mechanisms
cell
non-tumor
cell-derived
progression,
with
special
focus
on
their
roles
immunity
metabolism.
Finally,
examine
potential
application
therapeutic
targets,
highlighting
promise
clinical
use.
