Tissue macrophages: origin, heterogenity, biological functions, diseases and therapeutic targets DOI Creative Commons

Fan Guan,

Ruixuan Wang,

Zhenjie Yi

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 7, 2025

Abstract Macrophages are immune cells belonging to the mononuclear phagocyte system. They play crucial roles in defense, surveillance, and homeostasis. This review systematically discusses types of hematopoietic progenitors that give rise macrophages, including primitive progenitors, erythro-myeloid stem cells. These have distinct genetic backgrounds developmental processes. Accordingly, macrophages exhibit complex diverse functions body, phagocytosis clearance cellular debris, antigen presentation, response, regulation inflammation cytokine production, tissue remodeling repair, multi-level regulatory signaling pathways/crosstalk involved homeostasis physiology. Besides, tumor-associated a key component TME, exhibiting both anti-tumor pro-tumor properties. Furthermore, functional status is closely linked development various diseases, cancer, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative metabolic conditions, trauma. Targeting has emerged as promising therapeutic strategy these contexts. Clinical trials macrophage-based targeted drugs, immunotherapies, nanoparticle-based therapy were comprehensively summarized. Potential challenges future directions targeting also been discussed. Overall, our highlights significance this versatile cell human health which expected inform research clinical practice.

Language: Английский

Multifaceted role of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway in human health and disease DOI Creative Commons
Vivek Panwar, Aishwarya Singh,

Manini Bhatt

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a protein kinase that controls cellular metabolism, catabolism, immune responses, autophagy, survival, proliferation, and migration, to maintain homeostasis. mTOR signaling cascade consists two distinct multi-subunit complexes named complex 1/2 (mTORC1/2). catalyzes the phosphorylation several critical proteins like AKT, C, insulin growth factor receptor (IGF-1R), 4E binding 1 (4E-BP1), ribosomal S6 (S6K), transcription EB (TFEB), sterol-responsive element-binding (SREBPs), Lipin-1, Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinases. plays central role in regulating translation, lipid synthesis, nucleotide biogenesis lysosomes, nutrient sensing, signaling. emerging pieces evidence have revealed constitutive activation pathway due mutations/amplification/deletion either its (mTORC1 mTORC2) or upstream targets responsible for aging, neurological diseases, human malignancies. Here, we provide detailed structure mTOR, complexes, comprehensive regulators, as well downstream effectors cascades biomolecules, autophagy. Additionally, summarize potential long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) an important modulator Importantly, highlighted disorders, cancers, cancer stem cells, drug resistance. discuss developments therapeutic targeting with improved anticancer efficacy benefit patients clinics.

Language: Английский

Citations

359
The role of neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases: current understanding and future therapeutic targets DOI Creative Commons

Alhamdu Adamu,

Shuo Li,

Fankai Gao

et al.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 12, 2024

Neuroinflammation refers to a highly complicated reaction of the central nervous system (CNS) certain stimuli such as trauma, infection, and neurodegenerative diseases. This is cellular immune response whereby glial cells are activated, inflammatory mediators liberated reactive oxygen nitrogen species synthesized. key process that helps protect brain from pathogens, but inappropriate, or protracted inflammation yields pathological states Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s, Multiple Sclerosis, other disorders showcase various pathways neurodegeneration distributed in parts CNS. review reveals major neuroinflammatory signaling associated with neurodegeneration. Additionally, it explores promising therapeutic avenues, stem cell therapy, genetic intervention, nanoparticles, aiming regulate neuroinflammation potentially impede decelerate advancement these conditions. A comprehensive understanding intricate connection between diseases pivotal for development future treatment strategies can alleviate burden imposed by devastating disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

112
Harnessing innate immune pathways for therapeutic advancement in cancer DOI Creative Commons

An-Kang Hu,

Li Sun,

Hao Lin

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: March 25, 2024

Abstract The innate immune pathway is receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy. This ubiquitous across various cell types, not only cells but also adaptive cells, tumor and stromal cells. Agonists targeting the have shown profound changes microenvironment (TME) improved prognosis preclinical studies. However, to date, clinical success of drugs remains limited. Interestingly, recent studies that activation can paradoxically promote progression. uncertainty surrounding therapeutic effectiveness targeted for a critical issue needs immediate investigation. In this review, we observe role demonstrates heterogeneity, linked development stage, status, specific types. We propose within TME, exhibits multidimensional diversity. diversity fundamentally rooted cellular heterogeneity manifested as variety signaling networks. pro-tumor effect essentially reflects suppression classical pathways potential alternative pathways. Refining our understanding tumor’s network employing appropriate strategies enhance ability harness anti-tumor ultimately bridge gap from application.

Language: Английский

Citations

65
The role of tumor-associated macrophages in tumor immune evasion DOI Creative Commons

Ruizhe Huang,

Ting Kang, Siyu Chen

et al.

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150(5)

Published: May 7, 2024

Abstract Background Tumor growth is closely linked to the activities of various cells in tumor microenvironment (TME), particularly immune cells. During progression, circulating monocytes and macrophages are recruited, altering TME accelerating growth. These adjust their functions response signals from stromal Tumor-associated (TAMs), similar M2 macrophages, key regulators TME. Methods We review origins, characteristics, TAMs within This analysis includes mechanisms through which facilitate evasion promote metastasis. Additionally, we explore potential therapeutic strategies that target TAMs. Results instrumental mediating malignant behaviors. They release cytokines inhibit effector attract additional immunosuppressive primarily T cells, inducing exhaustion directly, influencing activity indirectly cellular interactions, or suppressing checkpoints. directly involved proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, Summary Developing innovative tumor-targeted therapies immunotherapeutic currently a promising focus oncology. Given pivotal role evasion, several approaches have been devised them. include leveraging epigenetics, metabolic reprogramming, engineering repolarize TAMs, inhibiting recruitment activity, using as drug delivery vehicles. Although some these remain distant clinical application, believe future targeting will offer significant benefits cancer patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: current status and prospectives DOI Creative Commons

Ke-Yu Shen,

Ying Zhu,

Sun‐Zhe Xie

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health concern worldwide, with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. In recent years, immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have made great progress in the systemic treatment of HCC. The combination treatments based on ICIs been trend this area. Recently, dual blockade durvalumab plus tremelimumab has also emerged an effective for advanced However, majority HCC patients obtain benefits. Understanding immunological rationale exploring novel ways to improve efficacy immunotherapy drawn much attention. review, we summarize latest area, ongoing clinical trials immune-based therapies, well strategies chimeric antigen receptor T cells, personalized neoantigen vaccines, oncolytic viruses, bispecific antibodies.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Exosome circATP8A1 induces macrophage M2 polarization by regulating the miR-1-3p/STAT6 axis to promote gastric cancer progression DOI Creative Commons

Cuncan Deng,

Mingyu Huo,

Hongwu Chu

et al.

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in gastric cancer progression but the regulatory role of circRNAs controlling macrophage function remains elusive. Exosomes serve as cargo for and a crucial mediators facilitating communication between cells tumor microenvironment. In this study, we found that circATP8A1, previously unreported circular RNA, is highly expressed both tissues exosomes derived from plasma. Increased circATP8A1 was associated with advanced TNM stage worse prognosis patients cancer. We showed knockdown significantly inhibited proliferation invasion vitro vivo. Functionally, exosome induced M2 polarization macrophages through STAT6 pathway instead STAT3 pathway. Mechanistically, shown to activate competitive binding miR-1-3p, confirmed by Fluorescence Situ Hybridization (FISH), RNA immunoprecipitation, pulldown, Luciferase reporter assays. The reversal circATP8A1-induced activation observed upon blocking miR-1-3p. Macrophages treated overexpressing were able promote migration, while reversed these effects summary, exosome-derived induce via circATP8A1/miR-1-3p/STAT6 axis, progression. Our results highlight potential prognostic biomarker therapeutic target

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Mitochondrial quality control in human health and disease DOI Creative Commons
Bohao Liu,

Chen-Zhen Xu,

Yi Liu

et al.

Military Medical Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract Mitochondria, the most crucial energy-generating organelles in eukaryotic cells, play a pivotal role regulating energy metabolism. However, their significance extends beyond this, as they are also indispensable vital life processes such cell proliferation, differentiation, immune responses, and redox balance. In response to various physiological signals or external stimuli, sophisticated mitochondrial quality control (MQC) mechanism has evolved, encompassing key like biogenesis, dynamics, mitophagy, which have garnered increasing attention from researchers unveil specific molecular mechanisms. this review, we present comprehensive summary of primary mechanisms functions regulators involved major components MQC. Furthermore, critical regulated by MQC its diverse roles progression systemic diseases been described detail. We discuss agonists antagonists targeting MQC, aiming explore potential therapeutic research prospects enhancing stabilize function.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Intermetallics triggering pyroptosis and disulfidptosis in cancer cells promote anti-tumor immunity DOI Creative Commons
Yanlin Zhu, Xinxin Wang, Lili Feng

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Oct. 8, 2024

Pyroptosis, an immunogenic programmed cell death, could efficiently activate tumor immunogenicity and reprogram immunosuppressive microenvironment for boosting cancer immunotherapy. However, the overexpression of SLC7A11 promotes glutathione biosynthesis maintaining redox balance countering pyroptosis. Herein, we develop intermetallics modified with glucose oxidase (GOx) soybean phospholipid (SP) as pyroptosis promoters (Pd

Language: Английский

Citations

28
The implications of FASN in immune cell biology and related diseases DOI Creative Commons
Yucai Xiao, Yonghong Yang, Huabao Xiong

et al.

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Abstract Fatty acid metabolism, particularly fatty synthesis, is a very important cellular physiological process in which nutrients are used for energy storage and biofilm synthesis. As key enzyme the synthase (FASN) receiving increasing attention. Although previous studies on FASN have mainly focused various malignancies, many recently reported that regulates survival, differentiation, function of immune cells, subsequently participates occurrence development immune-related diseases. However, few to date systematically summarized molecular mechanisms cell biology related In this review, we discuss regulatory effect progress research implications Understanding diseases can offer insights into novel treatment strategies clinical

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Harnessing the tumor microenvironment: targeted cancer therapies through modulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition DOI Creative Commons
Antonino Glaviano,

Hannah Lau,

Lukas M. Carter

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is integral to cancer progression, impacting metastasis and treatment response. It consists of diverse cell types, extracellular matrix components, signaling molecules that interact promote growth therapeutic resistance. Elucidating the intricate interactions between cells TME crucial in understanding progression challenges. A critical process induced by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), wherein epithelial acquire mesenchymal traits, which enhance their motility invasiveness progression. By targeting various components TME, novel investigational strategies aim disrupt TME's contribution EMT, thereby improving efficacy, addressing resistance, offering a nuanced approach therapy. This review scrutinizes key players emphasizing avenues therapeutically components. Moreover, article discusses implications for resistance mechanisms highlights current toward modulation along with potential caveats.

Language: Английский

Citations

26