Aging Cell,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 15, 2025
ABSTRACT
Aging
is
associated
with
increased
retinal
cell
apoptosis,
which
contributes
to
decreases
in
function.
Apoptotic
clearance
relies
on
microglial
efferocytosis,
but
the
impact
of
aging
this
process
has
not
been
fully
elucidated.
In
study,
we
aimed
shed
light
by
using
single‐cell
RNA
sequencing
(sc‐RNA‐seq)
compare
young
and
aged
mouse
transcriptional
profiles,
74,412
cells
from
mice
were
classified
into
10
transcriptionally
distinct
types,
differentially
expressed
genes
between
versus
retinas
mainly
cellular
senescence
apoptosis.
Furthermore,
ligand–receptor
interactions
(e.g.,
AXL‐GAS6,
MERTK‐GAS6)
microglia
other
strengthened
aged,
compared
retinas.
Additionally,
among
microglia,
Subcluster
4
was
found
under
partial
clustering
be
had
downregulated
efferocytosis‐associated
genes.
The
efferocytosis
further
verified
vitro
doxorubicin
(DOX)‐induced
senescent
BV2
vivo
a
ischemia/reperfusion
(I/R)
injury
model.
vitro,
DOX‐treated
significantly
lowered
as
well
efferocytosis‐related
MerTK
Axl
protein
expression;
also
present
post‐I/R
injury,
co‐localization
ionized
calcium‐binding
adapter
molecule
1
+
apoptotic
cells,
along
reduced
expression.
Overall,
decreased
aging,
suggesting
that
modulating
could
serve
possible
therapeutic
target
for
age‐related
diseases.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
10(1)
Published: March 7, 2025
Abstract
Macrophages
are
immune
cells
belonging
to
the
mononuclear
phagocyte
system.
They
play
crucial
roles
in
defense,
surveillance,
and
homeostasis.
This
review
systematically
discusses
types
of
hematopoietic
progenitors
that
give
rise
macrophages,
including
primitive
progenitors,
erythro-myeloid
stem
cells.
These
have
distinct
genetic
backgrounds
developmental
processes.
Accordingly,
macrophages
exhibit
complex
diverse
functions
body,
phagocytosis
clearance
cellular
debris,
antigen
presentation,
response,
regulation
inflammation
cytokine
production,
tissue
remodeling
repair,
multi-level
regulatory
signaling
pathways/crosstalk
involved
homeostasis
physiology.
Besides,
tumor-associated
a
key
component
TME,
exhibiting
both
anti-tumor
pro-tumor
properties.
Furthermore,
functional
status
is
closely
linked
development
various
diseases,
cancer,
autoimmune
disorders,
cardiovascular
disease,
neurodegenerative
metabolic
conditions,
trauma.
Targeting
has
emerged
as
promising
therapeutic
strategy
these
contexts.
Clinical
trials
macrophage-based
targeted
drugs,
immunotherapies,
nanoparticle-based
therapy
were
comprehensively
summarized.
Potential
challenges
future
directions
targeting
also
been
discussed.
Overall,
our
highlights
significance
this
versatile
cell
human
health
which
expected
inform
research
clinical
practice.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 241 - 241
Published: April 6, 2024
Overnutrition,
driven
by
the
consumption
of
high-fat,
high-sugar
diets,
has
reached
epidemic
proportions
and
poses
a
significant
global
health
challenge.
Prolonged
overnutrition
leads
to
deposition
excessive
lipids
in
adipose
non-adipose
tissues,
condition
known
as
lipotoxicity.
The
intricate
interplay
between
overnutrition-induced
lipotoxicity
immune
system
plays
pivotal
role
pathogenesis
various
diseases.
This
review
aims
elucidate
consequences
impaired
efferocytosis,
caused
lipotoxicity-poisoned
macrophages,
leading
chronic
inflammation
subsequent
development
severe
infectious
diseases,
autoimmunity,
cancer,
well
pulmonary
cardiovascular
Chronic
promotes
tissue
expansion
which
induces
cellular
stress
inflammatory
responses,
contributing
insulin
resistance,
dyslipidemia,
metabolic
syndrome.
Moreover,
sustained
exposure
impairs
efferocytic
capacity
compromising
their
ability
efficiently
engulf
remove
dead
cells.
unresolved
perpetuates
pro-inflammatory
microenvironment,
exacerbating
damage
promoting
interaction
overnutrition,
lipotoxicity,
efferocytosis
highlights
critical
pathway
through
emerges,
facilitating
Understanding
these
connections
sheds
light
on
potential
therapeutic
avenues
mitigate
detrimental
effects
function
homeostasis,
thereby
paving
way
for
novel
interventions
aimed
at
reducing
burden
multifaceted
diseases
health.
