Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: June 8, 2023
Abstract
Aging
is
characterized
by
systemic
chronic
inflammation,
which
accompanied
cellular
senescence,
immunosenescence,
organ
dysfunction,
and
age-related
diseases.
Given
the
multidimensional
complexity
of
aging,
there
an
urgent
need
for
a
systematic
organization
inflammaging
through
dimensionality
reduction.
Factors
secreted
senescent
cells,
known
as
senescence-associated
secretory
phenotype
(SASP),
promote
inflammation
can
induce
senescence
in
normal
cells.
At
same
time,
accelerates
immune
resulting
weakened
function
inability
to
clear
cells
inflammatory
factors,
creates
vicious
cycle
senescence.
Persistently
elevated
levels
organs
such
bone
marrow,
liver,
lungs
cannot
be
eliminated
leading
damage
aging-related
Therefore,
has
been
recognized
endogenous
factor
elimination
could
potential
strategy
anti-aging.
Here
we
discuss
at
molecular,
cellular,
organ,
disease
levels,
review
current
aging
models,
implications
cutting-edge
single
cell
technologies,
well
anti-aging
strategies.
Since
preventing
alleviating
diseases
improving
overall
quality
life
are
ultimate
goals
research,
our
highlights
critical
features
mechanisms
along
with
latest
developments
future
directions
providing
theoretical
foundation
novel
practical
Nature reviews. Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
23(9), P. 563 - 579
Published: March 15, 2023
Macrophages
are
innate
immune
cells
that
form
a
3D
network
in
all
our
tissues,
where
they
phagocytose
dying
and
cell
debris,
complexes,
bacteria
other
waste
products.
Simultaneously,
produce
growth
factors
signalling
molecules
—
such
activities
not
only
promote
host
protection
response
to
invading
microorganisms
but
also
crucial
for
organ
development
homeostasis.
There
is
mounting
evidence
of
macrophages
orchestrating
fundamental
physiological
processes,
as
blood
vessel
formation,
adipogenesis,
metabolism
central
peripheral
neuronal
function.
In
parallel,
novel
methodologies
have
led
the
characterization
tissue-specific
macrophages,
with
distinct
subpopulations
these
showing
different
developmental
trajectories,
transcriptional
programmes
life
cycles.
Here,
we
summarize
growing
knowledge
macrophage
diversity
how
subsets
orchestrate
tissue
We
further
interrelate
ontogeny
their
core
functions
across
is,
events
within
niche
may
control
functionality
during
development,
homeostasis
ageing.
Finally,
highlight
open
questions
will
need
be
addressed
by
future
studies
better
understand
subsets.
important
immunity
infections
clearing
products
from
maintain
health
regulating
metabolism,
many
biological
processes.
Elvira
Mass
co-workers
discuss
populations
found
throughout
body,
highlighting
shared
unique
aspects
functions.
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 824 - 824
Published: June 13, 2022
Nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD),
recently
renamed
metabolic-associated
(MAFLD),
is
one
of
the
most
common
causes
diseases
worldwide.
NAFLD
growing
in
parallel
with
obesity
epidemic.
No
pharmacological
treatment
available
to
treat
NAFLD,
specifically.
The
reason
might
be
that
a
multi-factorial
an
incomplete
understanding
mechanisms
involved,
absence
accurate
and
inexpensive
imaging
tools,
lack
adequate
non-invasive
biomarkers.
consists
accumulation
excess
lipids
liver,
causing
lipotoxicity
progress
steatohepatitis
(NASH),
fibrosis,
hepatocellular
carcinoma.
for
pathogenesis
current
interventions
management
disease,
role
sirtuins
as
potential
targets
are
discussed
here.
In
addition,
diagnostic
non-coding
RNAs
emerging
biomarkers
summarized.
availability
biomarkers,
diagnosis
tools
crucial
detection
early
signs
progression
NAFLD.
This
will
expedite
clinical
trials
validation
therapeutic
treatments.
Cancer Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
42(11), P. 1112 - 1140
Published: Sept. 7, 2022
Abstract
Multidimensional
analyses
have
demonstrated
the
presence
of
a
unique
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
in
liver
cancer.
Tumor‐associated
macrophages
(TAMs)
are
among
most
abundant
immune
cells
infiltrating
TME
and
present
at
all
stages
cancer
progression,
targeting
TAMs
has
become
one
favored
immunotherapy
strategies.
In
addition,
distinct
origins.
At
early
stage
cancer,
can
provide
niche
for
maintenance
stem
cells.
contrast,
(CSCs)
or
poorly
differentiated
key
factors
modulating
macrophage
activation.
review,
we
first
propose
origin
connection
between
precursor
Macrophages
undergo
dynamic
phenotypic
transition
during
carcinogenesis.
this
course
such
transition,
it
is
critical
to
determine
appropriate
timing
therapy
block
specific
markers
suppress
pro‐tumoral
TAMs.
The
review
provides
more
detailed
discussion
trends
surface
than
previous
reviews.
Complex
crosstalk
occurs
play
indispensable
roles
angiogenesis,
autophagy
due
their
heterogeneity
robust
plasticity.
interact
with
other
by
directing
cell‐to‐cell
contact
secreting
various
effector
molecules.
Similarly,
combined
drive
recruitment
polarization.
Despite
latest
achievements
advancements
treatment
strategies
following
studies,
comprehensive
discussions
on
communication
currently
lacking.
discussed
interactions
(from
cell
maturation),
therapeutic
(including
chimeric
antigen
receptor
macrophages),
clinical
trials
hepatocellular
carcinoma
(HCC)
intrahepatic
cholangiocarcinoma
(iCCA)
rationale
further
investigation
as
potential
target
treating
patients
Genes & Diseases,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9(1), P. 12 - 27
Published: Aug. 26, 2021
To
defense
harmful
stimuli
or
maintain
the
immune
homeostasis,
body
produces
and
recruits
a
superfamily
of
cytokines
such
as
interleukins,
interferons,
chemokines
etc.
Among
them,
act
crucial
regulators
in
systems.
CCL5/CCR5
combination
is
known
for
facilitating
inflammatory
responses,
well
inducing
adhesion
migration
different
T
cell
subsets
responses.
In
addition,
recent
studies
have
shown
that
interaction
between
CCL5
CCR5
involved
various
pathological
processes
including
inflammation,
chronic
diseases,
cancers
infection
COVID-19.
This
review
focuses
on
how
axis
participates
diseases
their
relevant
signaling
pathways
regulation
axis.
Moreover,
we
highlighted
gene
therapy
chemotherapy
treating
CCR5-related
ongoing
clinical
trials.
The
barriers
perspectives
future
application
translational
research
were
also
summarized.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Aug. 13, 2022
Non-alcohol-associated
fatty
liver/steatohepatitis
(NAFL/NASH)
has
become
the
leading
cause
of
liver
disease
worldwide.
NASH,
an
advanced
form
NAFL,
can
be
progressive
and
more
susceptible
to
developing
cirrhosis
hepatocellular
carcinoma.
Currently,
lifestyle
interventions
are
most
essential
effective
strategies
for
preventing
controlling
NAFL
without
development
fibrosis.
While
there
still
limited
appropriate
drugs
specifically
treat
NAFL/NASH,
growing
progress
is
being
seen
in
elucidating
pathogenesis
identifying
therapeutic
targets.
In
this
review,
we
discussed
recent
developments
etiology
prospective
targets,
as
well
pharmacological
candidates
pre/clinical
trials
patents,
with
a
focus
on
diabetes,
hepatic
lipid
metabolism,
inflammation,
Importantly,
evidence
elucidates
that
disruption
gut-liver
axis
microbe-derived
metabolites
drive
NAFL/NASH.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
act
signaling
mediator,
resulting
accumulation,
macrophage
stellate
cell
activation,
further
promoting
inflammation
fibrosis
progression
during
Targeting
gut
microbiota
or
EVs
may
serve
new
treatment
Finally,
other
mechanisms,
such
therapy
genetic
approaches,
also
have
enormous
potential.
Incorporating
different
mechanisms
personalized
medicine
improve
efficacy
better
benefit
patients
Clinical Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
137(15), P. 1067 - 1093
Published: Aug. 1, 2023
Abstract
Macrophages
represent
heterogeneous
cell
population
with
important
roles
in
defence
mechanisms
and
homoeostasis.
Tissue
macrophages
from
diverse
anatomical
locations
adopt
distinct
activation
states.
M1
M2
are
two
polarized
forms
of
mononuclear
phagocyte
vitro
differentiation
phenotypic
patterns
functional
properties,
but
vivo,
there
is
a
wide
range
different
macrophage
phenotypes
between
depending
on
the
microenvironment
natural
signals
they
receive.
In
human
infections,
pathogens
use
strategies
to
combat
these
include
shaping
polarization
towards
one
or
another
phenotype.
infiltrating
tumours
can
affect
patient’s
prognosis.
have
been
shown
promote
tumour
growth,
while
provide
both
tumour-promoting
anti-tumour
properties.
autoimmune
diseases,
prolonged
activation,
as
well
altered
function
contribute
their
onset
activity.
atherosclerotic
lesions,
expressing
profiles
detected
potential
factors
affecting
occurrence
cardiovascular
diseases.
allergic
inflammation,
T2
cytokines
drive
profiles,
which
airway
inflammation
remodelling.
transplantations
seem
acute
rejection,
fibrosis
graft.
The
view
pro-inflammatory
suppressing
seems
be
an
oversimplification
because
cells
exploit
very
high
level
plasticity
large
scale
immunophenotypes
overlapping
this
respect,
it
would
more
precise
describe
M1-like
M2-like.
