Impact of gut microbiome on skin health: gut-skin axis observed through the lenses of therapeutics and skin diseases

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 22, 2022

The human intestine hosts diverse microbial communities that play a significant role in maintaining gut-skin homeostasis. When the relationship between gut microbiome and immune system is impaired, subsequent effects can be triggered on skin, potentially promoting development of skin diseases. mechanisms through which affects health are still unclear. Enhancing our understanding connection needed to find novel ways treat disorders. In this review, we systematically evaluate current data regarding ecology healthy gut, diet, pre- probiotics, antibiotics, their health. We discuss potential axis link skin-associated diseases, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, rosacea, alopecia areata, hidradenitis suppurativa. This review will increase impacts conditions aid finding new medications for

Language: Английский

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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of allergic asthma

Molecular Aspects of Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 85, P. 100995 - 100995

Published: Aug. 5, 2021

Asthma is a chronic disease of the airways, which affects more than 350 million people worldwide. It most common in children, affecting at least 30 children and young adults Europe. complex, partially heritable with marked heterogeneity. Its development influenced both by genetic environmental factors. The common, as well characterized subtype asthma allergic eosinophilic asthma, type 2 airway inflammation. prevalence has substantially increased industrialized countries during last 60 years. mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are incompletely understood, however exposure to various pollutants probably plays role. Disease inception thought be enabled disadvantageous shift balance between protective harmful lifestyle factors, including commensal microbes versus infection pathogens, collectively leading epithelial cell damage disrupted barrier integrity. Epithelial cell-derived cytokines one main drivers immune response against innocuous allergens, ultimately infiltration lung tissue T helper (TH2) cells, innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), M2 macrophages eosinophils. This review outlines responsible for orchestration inflammation summarizes novel findings, but not limited dysregulated integrity, alarmin release stimulation.

Language: Английский

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The Skin Microbiome: Current Landscape and Future Opportunities

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3950 - 3950

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Our skin is the largest organ of body, serving as an important barrier against harsh extrinsic environment. Alongside preventing desiccation, chemical damage and hypothermia, this protects body from invading pathogens through a sophisticated innate immune response co-adapted consortium commensal microorganisms, collectively termed microbiota. These microorganisms inhabit distinct biogeographical regions dictated by physiology. Thus, it follows that perturbations to normal homeostasis, occurs with ageing, diabetes disease, can cause microbial dysbiosis increase infection risk. In review, we discuss emerging concepts in microbiome research, highlighting pertinent links between cutaneous repair. Moreover, address gaps current knowledge highlight key areas requiring further exploration. Future advances field could revolutionise way treat associated ageing other pathologies.

Language: Английский

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A high-risk gut microbiota configuration associates with fatal hyperinflammatory immune and metabolic responses to SARS-CoV-2

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 15, 2022

Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and associated clinical sequelae requires well-coordinated metabolic immune responses that limit viral spread promote recovery of damaged systems. However, the role gut microbiota in regulating these has not been thoroughly investigated. In order to identify mechanisms underpinning interactions with host systems influence disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes, we performed a multi-omics analysis on hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared those most outcome (i.e. death, n = 41) non-fatal (n 89), or mild/moderate 42), recovered. A distinct subset 8 cytokines (e.g. TSLP) 140 metabolites quinolinate) sera identified fatal infection. addition, elevated levels multiple pathobionts lower protective anti-inflammatory microbes were observed fecal microbiome poorest outcomes. Weighted gene correlation network (WGCNA) modules severity-associated tryptophan metabolism, coagulation-linked fibrinopeptides, bile acids pathobionts, such as Enterococcus. contrast, less outcomes are clusters Bifidobacterium Ruminococcus, short chain fatty (SCFAs) IL-17A. Our study uncovered mechanistic link processes SARS-CoV-2 These features may be useful at risk individuals, but also highlight for modifying hyperinflammatory other infectious agents.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiome in Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Anesthesiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 137(1), P. 93 - 108

Published: April 29, 2022

The gut microbiome plays critical roles in human health and disease. Recent studies suggest it may also be associated with chronic pain postoperative outcomes. In animal models, the composition of changes after general anesthesia affects host response to medications, including anesthetics opioids. humans, is development neurocognitive disorders. Additionally, has been conditions visceral pain, nociplastic complex regional syndrome, headaches, partly through altered concentration circulating bacterial-derived metabolites. Furthermore, demonstrate role neuropathic via immunomodulatory mechanisms. This article reviews basic concepts its interactions provide a comprehensive overview evidence linking anesthesiology, care, medicine.

Language: Английский

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The dynamic balance of the skin microbiome across the lifespan

Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(1), P. 71 - 86

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

For decades research has centered on identifying the ideal balanced skin microbiome that prevents disease and developing therapeutics to foster this balance. However, single idealized balance may not exist. The changes across lifespan. This is reflected in dynamic shifts of microbiome's diverse, inter-connected community microorganisms with age. While there are core microbial taxa, precise composition for any individual person determined by local physiology, genetics, microbe–host interactions, microbe–microbe interactions. As a key interface environment, surface its appendages also constantly exchanging microbes close personal contacts environment. Hormone fluctuations immune system maturation drive age-dependent physiology support different structures over time. Here, we review recent insights into factors shape throughout life. Collectively, works summarized within highlight how, depending where lifespan, our supports robust communities, while still maintaining features unique us. will how disruptions can influence risk dermatological diseases as well impact lifelong health.

Language: Английский

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Skin immunity in wound healing and cancer

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 16, 2023

The skin is the body’s largest organ. It serves as a barrier to pathogen entry and first site of immune defense. In event injury, cascade events including inflammation, new tissue formation remodeling contributes wound repair. Skin-resident recruited cells work together with non-immune clear invading pathogens debris, guide regeneration damaged host tissues. Disruption repair process can lead chronic inflammation non-healing wounds. This, in turn, promote tumorigenesis. Tumors appropriate healing response way enhancing their survival growth. Here we review role resident skin-infiltrating discuss functions regulating both development cancers.

Language: Английский

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Association between gut microbiota development and allergy in infants born during pandemic‐related social distancing restrictions

Allergy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 79(7), P. 1938 - 1951

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Background Several hypotheses link reduced microbial exposure to increased prevalence of allergies. Here we capitalize on the opportunity study a cohort infants (CORAL), raised during COVID‐19 associated social distancing measures, identify environmental exposures and dietary factors that contribute early life microbiota development examine their associations with allergic outcomes. Methods Fecal samples were sequenced from at 6 ( n = 351) repeated 12 343) months, using 16S sequencing. Published data pre‐pandemic cohorts included for comparisons. Online questionnaires collected epidemiological information home environment, healthcare utilization, infant health, diseases, diet. Skin prick testing (SPT) was performed 24 320) months age, accompanied by atopic dermatitis food allergy assessments. Results The relative abundance bifidobacteria higher, while environmentally transmitted bacteria such as Clostridia lower in CORAL compared previous cohorts. multiple taxa correlated index. Plant based foods weaning positively impacted development. Bifidobacteria levels butyrate producers negatively AD SPT positivity. allergen sensitization, allergy, did not increase over levels. Conclusions Environmental components significantly impact community assembly. Our results also suggest vertically appropriate supports may be more important than microbes alone protection against diseases infancy.

Language: Английский

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Modulating the skin mycobiome-bacteriome and treating seborrheic dermatitis with a probiotic-enriched oily suspension

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) affects 2–5% of the global population, with imbalances in skin microbiome implicated its development. This study assessed impact an oily suspension containing Lactobacillus crispatus P17631 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei I1688 (termed EUTOPLAC) on SD symptoms mycobiome-bacteriome modulation. 25 patients were treated EUTOPLAC for a week. Symptom severity changes measured at start treatment (T0), after seven days (T8), three weeks post-treatment (T28). Results indicated symptom improvement post-EUTOPLAC, notable reductions Malassezia genus. Concurrently, bacterial shifts observed, including decrease Staphylococcus increase . Network analysis highlighted post-EUTOPLAC instability fungal interactions, increased negative correlations between genera. The suggests EUTOPLAC's potential as targeted treatment, reducing modulating composition.

Language: Английский

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Role of the microbiome in regulation of the immune system

Allergology International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Immune health and metabolic functions are intimately connected via diet the microbiota. cells continuously exposed to a wide range of microbes microbial-derived compounds, with important mucosal systemic ramifications. Microbial fermentation dietary components in vivo generates thousands molecules, some which integral molecular circuitry that regulates immune functions. These turn protect against aberrant inflammatory or hyper-reactive processes promote effector responses quickly eliminate pathogens, such as SARS-CoV-2. Potent tolerance mechanisms should ensure these do not over-react non-pathogenic factors (e.g. food proteins), while maintaining ability respond infectious challenges robust, effective well controlled manner. In this review we examine shape microbiota composition interactions host system, their associations mediated disorders strategies for intervention.

Language: Английский

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