Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 55 - 71

Published: Sept. 4, 2020

Language: Английский

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The Genus Alistipes: Gut Bacteria With Emerging Implications to Inflammation, Cancer, and Mental Health

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: June 9, 2020

Alistipes is a relatively new genus of bacteria isolated primarily from medical clinical samples, although at low rate compared to other members the Bacteroidetes phylum, which are highly relevant in dysbiosis and disease. According taxonomy database The National Center for Biotechnology Information, consists thirteen species: A. finegoldii, putredinis, onderdonkii, shahii, indistinctus, senegalensis, timonensis, obesi, ihumii, inops, megaguti, provencensis, massiliensis. Although typically human gut microbiome various species this have been patients suffering appendicitis, abdominal rectal abscess. It possible that as spp. emerge, their identification samples may be underrepresented novel MS-TOF methods not fully capable discriminate distinct separate since it will require upgrading databases. In terms pathogenicity, there contrasting evidence indicating protective effects against some diseases, including liver fibrosis, colitis, cancer immunotherapy, cardiovascular contrast, studies indicate pathogenic colorectal associated with mental signs depression. Gut seems play role determining compositional abundance feces (e.g., nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatic encephalopathy, fibrosis). Since recent sub-branch commonly chronic intestinal inflammation, narrative review illustrates emerging immunological mechanistic implications by correlate health.

Language: Английский

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Age and Age-Related Diseases: Role of Inflammation Triggers and Cytokines

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 9, 2018

Cytokine dysregulation is believed to play a key role in the remodeling of immune system at older age, with evidence pointing an inability fine-control systemic inflammation, which seems be marker unsuccessful aging. This reshaping cytokine expression pattern, progressive tendency toward pro-inflammatory phenotype has been called 'inflamm-aging'. Despite research there no clear understanding about causes 'inflamm-aging' that underpin most major age-related diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and aging itself. While inflammation part normal repair response for healing, essential keeping us safe from bacterial viral infections noxious environmental agents, not all good. When becomes prolonged persists, it can become damaging destructive. Several common molecular pathways have identified are associated both low-grade inflammation. The change redox balance, increase senescent cells SASP decline effective autophagy trigger inflammasome, suggest may possible delay itself by suppressing mechanisms or improving timely resolution Conversely learning genetic long-lived cohorts who exemplify good quality Here we will discuss some current ideas highlight appear contribute imbalance dysregulation, 'inflammageing' parainflammation. Evidence these findings drawn cardiovascular disease two

Language: Английский

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Human gut microbiota/microbiome in health and diseases: a review

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 113(12), P. 2019 - 2040

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

Language: Английский

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Antibiotic Pollution in the Environment: From Microbial Ecology to Public Policy

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(6), P. 180 - 180

Published: June 22, 2019

The ability to fight bacterial infections with antibiotics has been a longstanding cornerstone of modern medicine. However, wide-spread overuse and misuse led unintended consequences, which in turn require large-scale changes policy for mitigation. In this review, we address two broad classes corollaries misuse. Firstly, discuss the spread antibiotic resistance from hotspots evolution environment, special concerns given potential vectors transmission. Secondly, outline effects pollution independent on natural microbial populations, as well invertebrates vertebrates. We close an overview current regional policies tasked curbing areas such are still under development.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and human NAFLD: disentangling microbial signatures from metabolic disorders

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 279 - 297

Published: March 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Metagenomic analysis of colorectal cancer datasets identifies cross-cohort microbial diagnostic signatures and a link with choline degradation

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 667 - 678

Published: April 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Microbiome connections with host metabolism and habitual diet from 1,098 deeply phenotyped individuals

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 321 - 332

Published: Jan. 11, 2021

Language: Английский

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Atherosclerosis: Recent developments

Cell, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185(10), P. 1630 - 1645

Published: May 1, 2022

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the large arteries that major cause cardiovascular (CVD) and stroke. Here, we review current understanding molecular, cellular, genetic, environmental contributions to atherosclerosis, from both individual pathway systems perspectives. We place emphasis on recent developments, some which have yielded unexpected biology, including previously unknown heterogeneity smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic lesions, roles for senescence clonal hematopoiesis, links gut microbiome.

Language: Английский

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New insights from uncultivated genomes of the global human gut microbiome

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 568(7753), P. 505 - 510

Published: March 13, 2019

The genome sequences of many species the human gut microbiome remain unknown, largely owing to challenges in cultivating microorganisms under laboratory conditions. Here we address this problem by reconstructing 60,664 draft prokaryotic genomes from 3,810 faecal metagenomes, geographically and phenotypically diverse humans. These provide reference points for 2,058 newly identified species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which represents a 50% increase over previously known phylogenetic diversity sequenced bacteria. On average, OTUs comprise 33% richness 28% abundance per individual, are enriched humans rural populations. A meta-analysis clinical gut-microbiome studies pinpointed numerous disease associations OTUs, have potential improve predictive models. Finally, our analysis revealed that uncultured undergone reduction has resulted loss certain biosynthetic pathways, may offer clues improving cultivation strategies future. Draft metagenomes populations enrich understanding identifying two thousand new taxa associations.

Language: Английский

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