Allergology International,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
68(2), P. 135 - 142
Published: Dec. 1, 2018
Obesity
is
an
important
global
health
issue
for
both
children
and
adults.
increases
the
prevalence
incidence
of
asthma
also
risk
severe
asthma.
Here
we
describe
features
phenotypes
which
obesity
a
defining
characteristic,
including
steroid
resistance,
airway
inflammation,
co-morbidities.
We
review
current
concepts
regarding
mechanistic
basis
impact
in
asthma,
possible
roles
vitamin
D
deficiency,
systemic
microbiome.
Finally,
data
indicating
role
diet,
weight
loss,
exercise
treatment
with
obesity.
Better
understanding
could
lead
to
new
therapeutic
options
this
population.
The Journal of Experimental Medicine,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
216(1), P. 20 - 40
Published: Oct. 15, 2018
Over
the
past
decade,
our
view
of
human-associated
microbes
has
expanded
beyond
that
a
few
species
toward
an
appreciation
diverse
and
niche-specialized
microbial
communities
develop
in
human
host
with
chronological
age.
The
largest
reservoir
exists
distal
gastrointestinal
tract,
both
lumen,
where
facilitate
primary
secondary
metabolism,
on
mucosal
surfaces,
they
interact
immune
cell
populations.
While
local
microbial-driven
immunomodulation
gut
is
well
described,
more
recent
studies
have
demonstrated
role
for
microbiome
influencing
remote
organs
hematopoietic
function.
Unsurprisingly,
therefore,
perturbation
to
composition
function
microbiota
been
associated
chronic
diseases
ranging
from
inflammatory
metabolic
conditions
neurological,
cardiovascular,
respiratory
illnesses.
Considerable
effort
currently
focused
understanding
natural
history
development
humans
context
health
outcomes,
parallel
improving
knowledge
microbiome-host
molecular
interactions.
These
efforts
ultimately
aim
effective
approaches
rehabilitate
perturbed
ecosystems
as
means
restore
or
prevent
disease.
This
review
details
modulating
focus
discusses
strategies
manipulating
management
prevention
conditions.
Molecular Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
57(12), P. 5026 - 5043
Published: Aug. 22, 2020
Understanding
how
gut
flora
influences
gut-brain
communications
has
been
the
subject
of
significant
research
over
past
decade.
The
broadening
term
"microbiota-gut-brain
axis"
from
"gut-brain
underscores
a
bidirectional
communication
system
between
and
brain.
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
involves
metabolic,
endocrine,
neural,
immune
pathways
which
are
crucial
for
maintenance
brain
homeostasis.
Alterations
in
composition
microbiota
associated
with
multiple
neuropsychiatric
disorders.
Although
causal
relationship
dysbiosis
neural
dysfunction
remains
elusive,
emerging
evidence
indicates
that
may
promote
amyloid-beta
aggregation,
neuroinflammation,
oxidative
stress,
insulin
resistance
pathogenesis
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Illustration
mechanisms
underlying
regulation
by
pave
way
developing
novel
therapeutic
strategies
AD.
In
this
narrative
review,
we
provide
an
overview
their
dysregulation
Novel
insights
into
modification
as
preventive
or
approach
AD
highlighted.
Seminars in Immunopathology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
42(1), P. 75 - 93
Published: Feb. 1, 2020
Abstract
Worldwide
300
million
children
and
adults
are
affected
by
asthma.
The
development
of
asthma
is
influenced
environmental
other
exogenous
factors
synergizing
with
genetic
predisposition,
shaping
the
lung
microbiome
especially
during
birth
in
very
early
life.
healthy
microbial
composition
characterized
a
prevalence
bacteria
belonging
to
phyla
Bacteroidetes
,
Actinobacteria
Firmicutes
.
However,
viral
respiratory
infections
associated
an
abundance
Proteobacteria
genera
Haemophilus
Moraxella
young
adult
asthmatics.
This
dysbiosis
supports
activation
inflammatory
pathways
contributes
bronchoconstriction
bronchial
hyperresponsiveness.
Exogenous
can
affect
natural
microbiota
positively
(farming
environment)
or
negatively
(allergens,
air
pollutants).
It
evident
that
also
gut
has
high
influence
on
pathogenesis.
Antibiotics,
antiulcer
medications,
drugs
severely
impair
as
well
microbiota.
Resulting
reduced
diversity
dysregulate
bidirectional
crosstalk
across
gut-lung
axis,
resulting
hypersensitivity
hyperreactivity
food
allergens.
Efforts
undertaken
reconstitute
immune
balance
probiotics
engineered
bacteria,
but
results
from
human
studies
do
not
yet
support
their
efficacy
prevention
treatment.
Overall,
seem
be
critical
causes
increased
emergence
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
53(Supplement 1), P. S1 - S41
Published: Feb. 9, 2019
Lactobacillus
rhamnosus
GG
(LGG)
was
the
first
strain
belonging
to
genus
be
patented
in
1989
thanks
its
ability
survive
and
proliferate
at
gastric
acid
pH
medium
containing
bile,
adhere
enterocytes.
Furthermore
LGG
is
able
produces
both
a
biofilm
that
can
mechanically
protect
mucosa,
different
soluble
factors
beneficial
gut
by
enhancing
intestinal
crypt
survival,
diminishing
apoptosis
of
epithelium,
preserving
cytoskeletal
integrity.
Moreover
lectin-like
protein
1
2
inhibits
some
pathogens
such
as
Salmonella
species.
Finally
promote
type
immune-responsiveness
reducing
expression
several
activation
inflammation
markers
on
monocytes
increasing
production
interleukin-10,
interleukin-12
tumor
necrosis
factor-α
macrophages.
A
large
number
research
data
basis
for
use
this
probiotic
human
health.
In
review
we
have
considered
predominantly
randomized
controlled
trials,
meta-analysis,
Cochrane
Review,
guide
lines
Scientific
Societies
anyway
studies
whose
results
were
evaluated
means
relative
risk,
odds
ratio,
weighted
mean
difference
95%
confidence
interval.
The
effectiveness
gastrointestinal
infections
diarrhea,
antibiotic
Clostridium
difficile
associated
irritable
bowel
syndrome,
inflammatory
disease,
respiratory
tract
infections,
allergy,
cardiovascular
diseases,
nonalcoholic
fatty
liver
steatohepatitis,
cystic
fibrosis,
cancer,
elderly
end
sport
analyzed.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
20(1), P. 123 - 123
Published: Dec. 30, 2018
Asthma
is
one
of
the
most
common
chronic
respiratory
diseases
worldwide.
It
affects
all
ages
but
frequently
begins
in
childhood.
Initiation
and
exacerbations
may
depend
on
individual
susceptibility,
viral
infections,
allergen
exposure,
tobacco
smoke
outdoor
air
pollution.
The
aim
this
review
was
to
analyze
role
gut–lung
axis
asthma
development,
considering
phenotypes,
evaluate
whether
microbe-based
therapies
be
used
for
prevention.
Several
studies
have
confirmed
microbiota
regulation
immune
function
development
atopy
asthma.
These
clinical
conditions
apparent
roots
an
insufficiency
early
life
exposure
diverse
environmental
necessary
ensure
colonization
gastrointestinal
and/or
tracts.
Commensal
microbes
are
induction
a
balanced,
tolerogenic
system.
identification
commensal
bacteria
both
gastroenteric
tracts
could
innovative
important
issue.
In
conclusion,
healthy
response
generally
acknowledged,
gut
dysbacteriosis
might
result
inflammatory
disorders,
particularly
Further
investigations
needed
improve
our
understanding
microbiome
inflammation
its
influence
risk
factors
asthma,
including
host
genetic
features.
