Virus–virus interactions impact the population dynamics of influenza and the common cold

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(52), P. 27142 - 27150

Published: Dec. 16, 2019

The human respiratory tract hosts a diverse community of cocirculating viruses that are responsible for acute infections. This shared niche provides the opportunity virus-virus interactions which have potential to affect individual infection risks and in turn influence dynamics at population scales. However, quantitative evidence has lacked suitable data appropriate analytical tools. Here, we expose quantify among using bespoke analyses time series scale coinfections host scale. We analyzed diagnostic from 44,230 cases illness were tested 11 taxonomically broad groups over 9 y. Key our was accounting alternative drivers correlated frequency, such as age seasonal dependencies risk, allowing us obtain strong support existence negative between influenza noninfluenza positive viruses. In mathematical simulations mimic 2-pathogen dynamics, show transient immune-mediated interference can cause relatively ubiquitous common cold-like virus diminish during peak activity virus, supporting role innate immunity driving asynchronous circulation A rhinovirus. These findings important implications understanding linked epidemiological viral infections, an step towards improved accuracy disease forecasting models evaluation control interventions.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of Amazonian biodiversity: A review

Acta Amazonica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(spe1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Amazonia (defined herein as the Amazon basin) is home to greatest concentration of biodiversity on Earth, providing unique genetic resources and ecological functions that contribute ecosystem services globally. The lengthy complex evolutionary history this region has produced heterogeneous landscapes riverscapes at multiple scales, altered geographic connections among populations, impacted rates adaptation, speciation, extinction. In turn, ecologically diverse Amazonian biotas promoted further diversification, species coexistence, coevolution, with accumulating over tens millions years. Important events in included: (i) late Cretaceous early Paleogene origin major rainforest plant animal groups; (ii) Eocene-Oligocene global cooling rainforests contracting tropical latitudes separating Atlantic coastal rainforests; (iii) Miocene uplift central northern Andes separated Pacific rainforests, spurred formation mega-wetlands western Amazon, contributed modern transcontinental River; (iv) Neogene Panamanian Isthmus facilitated Great American Biotic Interchange; (v) Pleistocene climate oscillations followed by Pleistocene-Holocene human colonization megafaunal extinctions; (vi) era widespread anthropogenic deforestation, defaunation, transformations regional climates. conservation requires decade-scale investments into documentation monitoring leverage existing scientific capacity, strategic habitat planning allow continuity processes now future.

Language: Английский

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Importance of Sequence and Timing in Parasite Coinfections

Trends in Parasitology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 109 - 118

Published: Dec. 18, 2018

Language: Английский

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Facilitative priority effects drive parasite assembly under coinfection

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(11), P. 1510 - 1521

Published: Aug. 31, 2020

Language: Английский

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Reciprocal interactions between tumour cell populations enhance growth and reduce radiation sensitivity in prostate cancer

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Abstract Intratumoural heterogeneity (ITH) contributes to local recurrence following radiotherapy in prostate cancer. Recent studies also show that ecological interactions between heterogeneous tumour cell populations can lead resistance chemotherapy. Here, we evaluated whether heterogenous could impact growth and response Using mixed 3D cultures of parental radioresistant from two cancer lines a predator-prey mathematical model investigate various types interactions, reciprocal enhance overall reduce radiation sensitivity. The type interaction influences the time regrowth after radiation, and, at population level, alters survival cycle each without eliminating either one. These arise oxygen constraints cellular cross-talk alter microenvironment. findings suggest ecological-type are important be targeted recurrence.

Language: Английский

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Ecological drift during colonization drives within-host and between-host heterogeneity in an animal-associated symbiont

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. e3002304 - e3002304

Published: April 25, 2024

Specialized host–microbe symbioses canonically show greater diversity than expected from simple models, both at the population level and within individual hosts. To understand how this heterogeneity arises, we utilize squash bug, Anasa tristis , its bacterial symbionts in genus Caballeronia . We modulate symbiont bottleneck size inoculum composition during colonization to demonstrate significance of ecological drift, noisy fluctuations community due demographic stochasticity. Consistent with predictions neutral theory biodiversity, found that drift alone can account for between hosts, even when 2 strains are nearly genetically identical. When acting on competing strains, maintain genetic among different hosts by stochastically determining dominant strain each host. Finally, mediates isogenic populations a single host, along consistent gradient running anterior-posterior axis symbiotic organ. Our results structure across scales does not necessarily require host-mediated selection, as it emerge result unrelated competitors. findings illuminate processes might affect transmission, coinfection, nature, which drive evolution microbe–microbe interactions host-associated microbiomes.

Language: Английский

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Cooperation and Conflict Within the Microbiota and Their Effects On Animal Hosts

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: May 15, 2020

Symbioses between animals and microbes are ubiquitous, often have drastic fitness effects on both parties. A rapidly growing body of research now shows that many these driven by social interactions among the symbionts. For instance, frequently cooperate producing shareable 'public goods' can mediate virulence host-beneficial functions. Conversely, hosts exert control over symbionts targeting their interactions. Despite this pivotal role, we only started to uncover full diversity microbial interactions, factors shape variation in host function evolution across different symbioses remain elusive. Here, (i) review known symbioses, (ii) argue nature impact is determined differences symbiont diversity. In particular, first give a primer lives microbes, then discuss how intraspecific interspecific affect – affected host. Subsequently, move symbiosis, role feature few versus species. We show symbiont-rich shaped strong competition, which selects against forms cooperation, thereby limits scope for host-symbiont dependencies. involving species characterized cooperation services, situation increases Overall, infer explicit consideration dynamics within communities varying complexity crucial advance our understanding animal evolution.

Language: Английский

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Multi‐infections, competitive interactions, and pathogen coexistence

Plant Pathology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 71(1), P. 5 - 22

Published: Sept. 12, 2021

Abstract Multiple infections, either simultaneous or sequential, affecting a single plant crop are now recognized to be common in disease epidemics. These multiple infections thus generate range of competitive interactions (exploitation competition, apparent interference competition) that directly impact competitors’ life history traits, and hence fitness. While theoretical framework, based primarily on three ecological theories—niche exclusion, the “tragedy commons”, virulence–transmission trade‐off, provides insights into potential outcomes pathogen evolution virulence dynamics, experimental observations, although rather rare so far, strongly suggest unexpected outputs can also occur. This review therefore attempts provide comprehensive overview both empirical knowledge about infection plants. It highlights need for detailed assessment traits their modulation according competition types, host receptivity, strategies better understanding prediction evolutionary demographic as well research questions still open this emerging field pathology.

Language: Английский

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Symbiotic Interactions Between Mosquitoes and Mosquito Viruses

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Aug. 30, 2021

Mosquitoes not only transmit human and veterinary pathogens called arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) but also harbor mosquito-associated insect-specific viruses (mosquito that cannot infect vertebrates. In the past, studies investigating mosquito mainly focused on highly pathogenic interactions were easier to detect than those without visible symptoms. However, recent advances in viral metagenomics have highlighted abundance diversity of which do generate mass mortality host populations. Over last decade, this has facilitated rapid growth virus discovery mosquitoes. The circumstances around greatly affected how they been studied so far. While earlier research pathogenesis caused by DNA some double-stranded RNA during larval stages, more recently discovered single-stranded heavily for their putative interference with female adults. Thus, many aspects hosts host-microbiota are still unknown. context, considering as endosymbionts can help identify novel areas, particular relation long-term (e.g. relationships all life stability associations at evolutionary scales, transmission routes virulence evolution) possible context-dependent range (i.e. beneficial antagonistic). Here, we review symbiotic different ecology, such transmission, specificity, immune system other symbionts within cellular arena. Finally, highlight related gaps research.

Language: Английский

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RETRACTED: Advantage of Species Diversification to Facilitate Sustainable Development of Aquaculture Sector

Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 368 - 368

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Intensified agrochemical-based monoculture systems worldwide are under adoption to meet the challenge of human population growth and ever-growing global demand for food. However, this path has been opposed criticized because it involves overexploitation land, few species, excessive input agrochemicals, adverse impacts on health environment. The wide diversity among polyculture practiced across globe created confusion over priority a single strategy towards sustainable aquaculture development safer products. Herein, we highlight significance integrated practices in conveying successful transition industry development. So far, established thought is that precise selection aquatic species focus compatible complementary combinations supposed facilitate rapid progress food production with more profitability sustainability. Therefore, advantages diversification discussed from an ecological perspective enforce expansion. This account asserts diverse range can promote synergies farmed enhance system resilience, enable conservation, decrease footprints, provide social benefits such as diversified income local security.

Language: Английский

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