Intestinal dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): focusing on the gut–liver axis DOI
Hui Han, Yi Jiang, Mengyu Wang

et al.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 63(12), P. 1689 - 1706

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic disorders in humans, partly because it closely related to metabolic with increasing prevalence. NAFLD begins hepatic lipid accumulation, which may cause inflammation and eventually lead fibrosis liver. Numerous studies have demonstrated close relationship between gut dysfunction (especially microbiota its metabolites) occurrence progression NAFLD. The bidirectional communication liver, named gut-liver axis, mainly mediated by metabolites derived from both through biliary tract, portal vein, systemic circulation. Herein, we review effects axis on pathogenesis We also comprehensively describe potential molecular mechanisms perspective role liver-derived gut-related components metabolism health, respectively. study provides insights into underlying current summarizations that support intricate interactions a disordered can provide novel strategies lessen prevalence consequence

Language: Английский

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: the interplay between metabolism, microbes and immunity DOI
Herbert Tilg, Timon E. Adolph, Michael Dudek

et al.

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 1596 - 1607

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

303
The gut–liver axis and gut microbiota in health and liver disease DOI
Cynthia L. Hsu, Bernd Schnabl

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. 719 - 733

Published: June 14, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

243
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Triggers, Consequences, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Options DOI Creative Commons
Tomáš Hrnčíř

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 578 - 578

Published: March 7, 2022

The global incidence of numerous immune-mediated, metabolic, neurodegenerative, and psychiatric diseases is steadily increasing [...].

Language: Английский

Citations

191
Understanding the Role of the Gut Microbiome and Microbial Metabolites in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Current Evidence and Perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Natalia G. Vallianou, Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos, Ιrene Karampela

et al.

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 56 - 56

Published: Dec. 31, 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic worldwide. NAFLD begins as a relatively benign hepatic steatosis which can evolve to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) increases when fibrosis present. represents complex process implicating numerous factors—genetic, metabolic, dietary—intertwined in multi-hit etiopathogenetic model. Recent data have highlighted role gut dysbiosis, may render bowel more permeable, leading increased free acid absorption, bacterial migration, parallel release toxic products, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), proinflammatory cytokines that initiate sustain inflammation. Although dysbiosis present each stage, there currently no single microbial signature distinguish or predict patients will from NASH HCC. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, majority with NAFLD/NASH exhibit numbers Bacteroidetes differences presence Firmicutes, resulting decreased F/B ratio studies. They also an proportion species belonging Clostridium, Anaerobacter, Streptococcus, Escherichia, Lactobacillus, whereas Oscillibacter, Flavonifaractor, Odoribacter, Alistipes spp. are less prominent. In comparison healthy controls, show higher abundance Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia spp., while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Akkermansia muciniphila diminished. Children Oscillospira accompanied by elevated Dorea, Blautia, Prevotella copri, Ruminococcus Gut microbiota composition vary between population groups different stages NAFLD, making any conclusive causative claims about profiles challenging. Moreover, various metabolites be involved pathogenesis such short-chain acids, lipopolysaccharide, bile choline trimethylamine-N-oxide, ammonia. this review, we summarize microbiome pathogenesis, discuss potential preventive therapeutic interventions related microbiome, administration probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, bacteriophages, well contribution bariatric surgery fecal transplantation armamentarium against NAFLD. Larger longer-term prospective studies, including well-defined cohorts multi-omics approach, required better identify associations metabolites, occurrence progression.

Language: Английский

Citations

182
The Role of Intestinal Permeability in Gastrointestinal Disorders and Current Methods of Evaluation DOI Creative Commons
Tim Vanuytsel, Jan Tack, Ricard Farré

et al.

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Aug. 26, 2021

An increased intestinal permeability has been described in various gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal disorders. Nevertheless, the concept definition of is relatively broad includes not only an altered paracellular route, regulated by tight junction proteins, but also transcellular route involving membrane transporters channels, endocytic mechanisms. Paracellular can be assessed vivo using different molecules (e.g., sugars, polyethylene glycols, 51 Cr-EDTA) ex Ussing chambers combining electrophysiology probes molecular sizes. The latter still gold standard technique for assessing epithelial barrier function, whereas techniques, including putative blood biomarkers such as fatty acid-binding protein zonulin, are broadly used despite limitations. In second part review, current evidence role impaired function pathophysiology selected liver diseases discussed. Celiac disease one conditions with best playing a crucial zonulin its proposed regulator. Increased clearly present inflammatory bowel disease, question whether this primary event or consequence inflammation remains unsolved. gut-liver axis increasingly recognized chronic alcoholic metabolic disease. Finally, does support important bile acid diarrhea.

Language: Английский

Citations

152
Effect of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial DOI Creative Commons

Lan-Feng Xue,

Zhiliang Deng,

Wen-hui Luo

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 4, 2022

The clinical efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the variant effects FMT on lean obese NAFLD remain elusive. Our study aimed to determine safety for NAFLD, elucidating its different influences NAFLD.

Language: Английский

Citations

136
Gut Microbiota and NAFLD: Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Microbiota Signatures, and Therapeutic Interventions DOI Creative Commons
Tomáš Hrnčíř, Tomáš Hrnčíř, Miloslav Kverka

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(5), P. 957 - 957

Published: April 29, 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic disease. Its worldwide prevalence rapidly increasing and currently estimated at 24%. NAFLD highly associated with many features of metabolic syndrome, including obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension. The pathogenesis complex not fully understood, but there evidence that gut microbiota strongly implicated in development NAFLD. In this review, we discuss major factors induce dysbiosis disrupt intestinal permeability, as well possible mechanisms leading to We also consistent NAFLD-associated signatures immunological involved maintaining barrier tolerance gut-derived factors. Gut-derived factors, microbial, dietary, host-derived pathogenesis, are discussed detail. Finally, review available diagnostic prognostic methods, summarise latest knowledge on promising microbiota-based biomarkers, therapeutic strategies manipulate microbiota, faecal transplantation, probiotics prebiotics, deletions individual strains bacteriophages, blocking production harmful metabolites.

Language: Английский

Citations

133
The fecal mycobiome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease DOI
Münevver Demir, Sonja Lang, Phillipp Hartmann

et al.

Journal of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 76(4), P. 788 - 799

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

126
A Systematic Review of Animal Models of NAFLD Finds High‐Fat, High‐Fructose Diets Most Closely Resemble Human NAFLD DOI
Yu Ri Im, Harriet Hunter, Dana de Gracia Hahn

et al.

Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 74(4), P. 1884 - 1901

Published: May 11, 2021

Background and Aims Animal models of human disease are a key component translational hepatology research, yet there is no consensus on which model optimal for NAFLD. Approach Results We generated database 3,920 rodent Study designs were highly heterogeneous, therefore, few had been cited more than once. Analysis genetic supported the current evidence role adipose dysfunction suggested innate immunity in progression identified that high‐fat, high‐fructose diets most closely recapitulate phenotype There was substantial variability nomenclature animal models: terminology specialist needed. More broadly, this analysis demonstrates preclinical study design, has wider implications reproducibility vivo experiments both field beyond. Conclusions This systematic provides framework phenotypic assessment NAFLD highlights need increased standardization replication.

Language: Английский

Citations

120
Gut dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic implications DOI Creative Commons
Jie Fang, Chen-Huan Yu, Xuejian Li

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing recently and has become one the most common clinical diseases. Since pathogenesis NAFLD not been completely elucidated, few effective therapeutic drugs are available. As “second genome” human body, gut microbiota plays an important role in digestion, absorption metabolism food drugs. Gut can act as driver to advance occurrence development NAFLD, accelerate its progression cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma. Growing evidence demonstrated that metabolites directly affect intestinal morphology immune response, resulting abnormal activation inflammation endotoxemia; dysbiosis also causes dysfunction gut-liver axis via alteration bile acid pathway. Because composition diversity disease-specific expression characteristics, holds strong promise novel biomarkers targets for NAFLD. Intervening microbiota, such antibiotic/probiotic treatment fecal transplantation, a strategy preventing treating In this article, we have reviewed emerging functions association bacterial components different stages discussed potential implications diagnosis therapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

102