Pupillary response is associated with the reset and switching of functional brain networks during salience processing

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e1011081 - e1011081

Published: May 12, 2023

The interface between processing internal goals and salient events in the environment involves various top-down processes. Previous studies have identified multiple brain areas for salience processing, including network (SN), dorsal attention network, locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system. However, interactions among these systems remain unclear. Here, we simultaneously recorded pupillometry, EEG, fMRI during an auditory oddball paradigm. analyses of EEG data uncovered spatiotemporally organized target-associated neural correlates. By modeling target-modulated effective connectivity, found that target-evoked pupillary response is associated with directional couplings from late to early subsystems trial, as well switching initiated by SN. These findings indicate SN might cooperate pupil-indexed LC-NE system reset cortical networks, shed light on their implications cognitive processes neurological diseases.

Language: Английский

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Stress circuitry: mechanisms behind nervous and immune system communication that influence behavior

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Inflammatory processes are increased by stress and contribute to the pathology of mood disorders. Stress is thought primarily induce inflammation through peripheral central noradrenergic neurotransmission. In healthy individuals, these pro-inflammatory effects countered glucocorticoid signaling, which also activated stress. chronically stressed anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids impaired, allowing go unchecked. Mechanisms underlying this resistance well understood, but precise circuits molecular mechanisms increases not as known. narrative review, we summarize chronic contributes onset development stress-related We focus on neural substrates mechanisms, especially those regulated that increase inflammatory in individuals. discuss key knowledge gaps our understanding communication between nervous immune systems during considerations for future therapeutic strategies. Here highlight signaling how can Understanding crosstalk may lead novel strategies disorders and/or provide important treating immune-related diseases individuals suffering from

Language: Английский

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Impact of Acute and Chronic Psychosocial Stress on Vascular Inflammation

Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(18), P. 1531 - 1550

Published: July 23, 2021

Significance: Atherosclerosis and its complications, such as acute coronary syndromes, are the leading causes of death worldwide. A wide range inflammatory processes substantially contribute to initiation progression cardiovascular disease (CVD). In addition, epidemiological studies strongly associate both chronic stress psychosocial with occurrence CVDs. Recent Advances: Extensive research during recent decades has not only identified major pathways in inflammation but also revealed a link between factors immune system context atherosclerosis. Both drive systemic via neuroimmune interactions promote atherosclerosis progression. Critical Issues: The associations human found have been substantiated by additional experimental mice humans. However, we do yet fully understand mechanisms through which drives inflammation; consequently, specific treatment, although urgently needed, is lacking. Future Directions: Psychosocial increasingly acknowledged risk for CVD currently treated behavioral interventions. Additional mechanistic insights might provide novel pharmacological treatment options reduce stress-related morbidity mortality. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1531–1550.

Language: Английский

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Recentering neuroscience on behavior: The interface between brain and environment is a privileged level of control of neural activity

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 138, P. 104678 - 104678

Published: April 26, 2022

Language: Английский

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Site-Specific knockdown of microglia in the locus coeruleus regulates hypervigilant responses to social stress in female rats

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 109, P. 190 - 203

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bridging the gap: The endocannabinoid system as a functional fulcrum for benzodiazepines in a novel frontier of anxiety pharmacotherapy

Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108799 - 108799

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Changes in large-scale neural networks under stress are linked to affective reactivity to stress in real life

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Controlled laboratory stress induction procedures are very effective in inducing physiological and subjective stress. However, whether such responses representative for reactivity real life is not clear. Using a combined within-subject functional MRI ecological momentary assessment paradigm, we investigated dynamic shifts large-scale neural network configurations under how these relate to affective life. Laboratory resulted significantly increased cortisol levels, task-driven activity including salience (SN) activation an oddball task decreased default mode memory retrieval task. Crucially, individuals showing SN specifically the early phase of acute response also expressed Our findings provide (correlational) evidence that real-life driven primarily by vigilant attentional reorienting mechanisms associated with SN.

Language: Английский

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Changes in large-scale neural networks under stress are linked to affective reactivity to stress in real life

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Controlled laboratory stress induction procedures are very effective in inducing physiological and subjective stress. However, whether such responses representative for reactivity real life is not clear. Using a combined within-subject functional MRI ecological momentary assessment paradigm, we investigated dynamic shifts large-scale neural network configurations under how these relate to affective life. Laboratory resulted significantly increased cortisol levels, task-driven activity including salience (SN) activation an oddball task decreased default mode memory retrieval task. Crucially, individuals showing SN specifically the early phase of acute response also expressed Our findings provide (correlational) evidence that real-life driven primarily by vigilant attentional reorienting mechanisms associated with SN.

Language: Английский

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Assessing response to stressful emotions: a controlled crossover study using pupillometry

Porto Biomedical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background: Fear and horror induce autonomic protective responses, acting as “survival intelligence.” Pupillometry is an innovative method that captures real-time nervous system reactions to stress. Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of pupillometry assess acute response a passive real-life stressor—viewing truthful war scene. Methods: Thirteen medical students (10 women) with average age 20.4 years were enrolled in nonrandomized controlled crossover trial. Selected clips from two different audiovisual stimuli (M1: Saving Private Ryan fear inducer M2: Life Is Beautiful control) watched for 15 minutes, separated by washout period 48–72 hours. The differences parameters between exposure movie assessment time (T0 T1 M1 T0 M2) evaluated using Wilcoxon test. test was also used difference M2 within each point T1). Results: A significant horror-induced stress observed {baseline [6.90 (5.95; 7.40) vs. 6.60 (5.55; 7.10), P = 0.030] final pupil diameter [4.50 (3.90; 5.20) 4.10 (3.50; 4.60), 0.012]} T1, suggesting increase sympathetic parameters. Although not significant, there (final [ 0.060], constriction velocity 0.059]) after watching compared T0. Conclusion: Our proof-of-concept study suggests may be changes activity induced stimulus.

Language: Английский

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Resilience and robustness: from sub-organismal responses to communities

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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