JCI Insight,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Jan. 8, 2024
Metastatic
breast
cancer
(mBC)
tissue
in
bone
was
systematically
profiled
to
define
the
composition
of
tumor
microenvironment.
Gene
expression
identified
a
high
myeloid
signature
patients
with
improved
survival
outcomes.
Bone
metastases
were
by
spatial
proteomics
examine
populations
within
stroma
that
correlated
macrophage
functions.
Single-cell
analysis
uncovered
activation
mBC
lesions.
Matched
BC
patient
samples
primary
and
metastasis
tissues
compared
for
gene
bone,
where
morphogenetic
protein
2
(BMP2)
most
significantly
upregulated.
Immune
cell
changes
from
demonstrated
loss
lymphoid
cells
but
consistent
population
macrophages.
BMP-activated
macrophages
increased
uniquely
bone.
marrow-derived
coupled
BMP
inhibition
inflammatory
responses.
Using
experimental
mouse
models
trained
immunity,
we
found
restricts
progression
early
state
not
after
tumors
established
This
study
revealed
unique
states
are
distinctly
integrated
metastases.
Nature Immunology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(2), P. 174 - 187
Published: Jan. 8, 2025
Disease
tolerance
is
an
evolutionarily
conserved
host
defense
strategy
that
preserves
tissue
integrity
and
physiology
without
affecting
pathogen
load.
Unlike
resistance,
the
mechanisms
underlying
disease
remain
poorly
understood.
In
present
study,
we
investigated
whether
adjuvant
(β-glucan)
can
reprogram
innate
immunity
to
provide
protection
against
influenza
A
virus
(IAV)
infection.
β-Glucan
treatment
reduces
morbidity
mortality
IAV
infection,
independent
of
resistance.
The
enhanced
survival
result
increased
recruitment
neutrophils
via
RoRγt+
T
cells
in
lung
tissue.
promotes
granulopoiesis
a
type
1
interferon-dependent
manner
leads
generation
unique
subset
immature
utilizing
mitochondrial
oxidative
metabolism
producing
interleukin-10.
Collectively,
our
data
indicate
β-glucan
reprograms
hematopoietic
stem
generate
with
new
'regulatory'
function,
which
required
for
promoting
maintaining
viral
iScience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(3), P. 109030 - 109030
Published: Jan. 26, 2024
Fungal
β-glucans
are
major
drivers
of
trained
immunity
which
increases
long-term
protection
against
secondary
infections.
Heterogeneity
in
β-glucan
source,
structure,
and
solubility
alters
interaction
with
the
phagocytic
receptor
Dectin-1
could
impact
strategies
to
improve
humans.
Using
a
panel
diverse
β-glucans,
we
describe
ability
specific
yeast-derived
whole-glucan
particle
(WGP)
reprogram
metabolism
thereby
drive
human
monocyte-derived
macrophages
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: July 16, 2024
While
most
of
the
cancer
immunotherapy
strategies
engage
adaptive
immunity,
especially
tumor-associated
T
cells,
small
fraction
responding
patients
and
types
cancers
amenable,
possibility
severe
adverse
effects
limit
its
usage.
More
effective
general
interventions
are
urgently
needed.
Recently,
a
de
facto
innate
immune
memory,
termed
‘trained
immunity’,
has
become
new
research
focal
point,
promises
to
be
powerful
tool
for
achieving
long-term
therapeutic
benefits
against
cancers.
Trained
immunity-inducing
agents
such
as
BCG
fungal
glucan
have
been
shown
able
avert
suppressive
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
enhance
cell
responses,
eventually
lead
regression.
Here,
we
review
current
understating
trained
immunity
induction
highlight
critical
roles
emergency
granulopoiesis,
interferon
γ
tissue-specific
induction.
Preclinical
clinical
studies
that
exploited
inducers
summarized,
repurposed
from
other
fields
proposed.
We
also
outline
challenges
opportunities
in
future
immunotherapies.
envisage
more
vaccines
will
combine
with
therapies.
Cell Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(3), P. 113932 - 113932
Published: March 1, 2024
Innate
immune
cells
can
undergo
long-term
functional
reprogramming
after
certain
infections,
a
process
called
trained
immunity
(TI).
Here,
we
focus
on
antigens
of
Leishmania
braziliensis,
which
induced
anti-tumor
effects
via
in
human
monocytes.
We
reveal
that
monocytes
exposed
to
promastigote
L.
braziliensis
develop
an
enhanced
response
subsequent
exposure
Toll-like
receptor
(TLR)2
or
TLR4
ligands.
Mechanistically,
the
induction
TI
by
is
mediated
multiple
pattern
recognition
receptors,
changes
metabolism,
and
increased
deposition
H3K4me3
at
promoter
regions
genes.
The
administration
exerts
potent
capabilities
delaying
tumor
growth
prolonging
survival
mice
with
non-Hodgkin
lymphoma.
Our
work
reveals
mechanisms
vitro
identifies
its
potential
for
cancer
immunotherapy.