Antioxidant Phytochemicals as Potential Therapy for Diabetic Complications

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 123 - 123

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

The global prevalence of diabetes continues to increase partly due rapid urbanization and an in the aging population. Consequently, this is associated with a parallel diabetic vascular complications which significantly worsen burden diabetes. For these complications, there still unmet need for safe effective alternative/adjuvant therapeutic interventions. There also increasing urge options come from natural products such as plants. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress central development complications. Furthermore, stress-induced inflammation insulin resistance are endothelial damage progression Human animal studies have shown that polyphenols could reduce stress, hyperglycemia, prevent including retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy. Part effects attributed their modulatory effect on endogenous antioxidant systems. This review attempts summarize established systems literature. Moreover, potential strategies harnessing benefits discussed.

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal profiling of the microbiome at four body sites reveals core stability and individualized dynamics during health and disease

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 506 - 526.e9

Published: March 12, 2024

To understand the dynamic interplay between human microbiome and host during health disease, we analyzed microbial composition, temporal dynamics, associations with multi-omics, immune, clinical markers of microbiomes from four body sites in 86 participants over 6 years. We found that stability individuality are body-site specific heavily influenced by host. The stool oral more stable than skin nasal microbiomes, possibly due to their interaction environment. identify individual-specific commonly shared bacterial taxa, individualized taxa showing greater stability. Interestingly, dynamics correlate across sites, suggesting systemic host-microbial-environment interactions. Notably, insulin-resistant individuals show altered among microbiome, molecular markers, features, disrupted metabolic disease. Our study offers comprehensive views multi-site relationship

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota-bile acid crosstalk regulates murine lipid metabolism via the intestinal FXR-FGF19 axis in diet-induced humanized dyslipidemia

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Nov. 25, 2023

Diet-induced dyslipidemia is linked to the gut microbiota, but causality of microbiota-host interaction affecting lipid metabolism remains controversial. Here, humanized mice model was successfully built by using fecal microbiota transplantation from dyslipidemic donors (FMT-dd) study causal role in diet-induced dyslipidemia.We demonstrated that FMT-dd reshaped increasing Faecalibaculum and Ruminococcaceae UCG-010, which then elevated serum cholicacid (CA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), deoxycholic (DCA), reduced bile synthesis increased cholesterol accumulation via hepatic farnesoid X receptor-small heterodimer partner (FXR-SHP) axis. Nevertheless, high-fat diet led decreased Muribaculum induced FMT-dd, resulted intestinal hyodeoxycholic (HDCA), raised absorption receptor-fibroblast growth factor 19 (FXR-FGF19) axis.Our studies implicated FXR responsible for regulation mediated microbiota-bile crosstalk. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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The airway microbiome mediates the interaction between environmental exposure and respiratory health in humans

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 1750 - 1759

Published: June 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota: A new target of traditional Chinese medicine for insomnia

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 160, P. 114344 - 114344

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

All species have a physiological need for sleep, and sleep is crucial the preservation restoration of many processes in body. Recent research on effects gut microbiota brain function has produced essential data relationship between them. It been discovered that dysregulation gut-brain axis related to insomnia. Certain metabolites linked insomnia, disturbances can worsen Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) unique advantages treatment Taking as target determining scientific relevance TCM prevention insomnia may lead new concepts disorders improve therapeutic effect sleep. an entry point, this paper reviews TCM, mechanism by which regulate regulates treatment. This review provides ideas through drug development.

Language: Английский

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A Real‐World Pharmacovigilance Study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Events for Obeticholic Acid

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives Based on the Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data from US FDA, this study mined adverse drug reactions of obeticholic acid (OCA) in real world provided reference for clinical safe use. Methods event reports OCA second quarter 2016 to third 2023 were extracted. The analysis reaction signal detection was conducted using reporting odds ratio, proportional Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, multi‐item gamma Poisson shrinker methods. Results A total 5661 OCA‐related collected, 105 signals obtained, involving 14 systems, among which 46 new not previously mentioned product labeling. Severe accounted a relatively high proportion (1445 cases, 25.53%), number hospitalization largest (1042 18.41%). top five events pruritus, fatigue, constipation, elevated blood alkaline phosphatase, abdominal distention. intensity abnormal ratio albumin globulin, spider nevus, combined with bilirubin, γ‐abnormal glutamyl transferase. Discussion pharmacovigilance FAERS database, it is necessary strengthen medication monitoring OCA, so as provide effective pharmaceutical rational medication.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and derived metabolites mediate obstructive sleep apnea induced atherosclerosis

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: March 2, 2025

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia/hypercapnia (IHC), affects predominantly obese individuals, and increases atherosclerosis risk. Since we others have implicated gut microbiota metabolites in atherogenesis, dissected their contributions to OSA-induced atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions were compared between conventionally-reared specific pathogen free (SPF) germ-free (GF) Apoe-/- mice following a high fat cholesterol diet (HFHC), with without IHC conditions. The fecal metabolome profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing untargeted tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) respectively. Phenotypic data showed that HFHC significantly increased as regular chow (RC) both aorta pulmonary artery (PA) of SPF mice. exacerbated addition HFHC. Differential abundance analysis identified an enrichment Akkermansiaceae depletion Muribaculaceae (formerly S24-7) family members the HFHC-IHC group. LC-MS/MS dysregulation bile acid profiles taurocholic acid, taurodeoxycholic 12-ketodeoxycholic enriched group, long-chain N-acyl amides, phosphatidylcholines. Interestingly, GF markedly reduced atherosclerotic formation relative under HFHC/IHC In contrast, microbial colonization did not show significant impact on progression PA. summary, this research demonstrated (1) acts cooperatively induce atherosclerosis; (2) modulate induced HFHC/IHC, PA; (3) different analytical methods suggest imbalance bacterial families mediate (4) derived acids, such deoxycholic lithocholic regulate OSA. knowledge obtained provides novel insights into potential therapeutic approaches prevent treat

Language: Английский

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Archaea methanogens are associated with cognitive performance through the shaping of gut microbiota, butyrate and histidine metabolism

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

The relationship between bacteria, cognitive function and obesity is well established, yet the role of archaeal species remains underexplored. We used shotgun metagenomics neuropsychological tests to identify microbial associated with cognition in a discovery cohort (IRONMET, n = 125). Interestingly, methanogen archaeas exhibited strongest positive associations cognition, particularly Methanobrevibacter smithii (M. smithii). Stratifying individuals by median-centered log ratios (CLR) M. (low high groups: LMs HMs) revealed that HMs better distinct gut bacterial profiles (PERMANOVA p 0.001), characterized increased levels Verrucomicrobia, Synergistetes Lentisphaerae reduced Bacteroidetes Proteobacteria. Several these were linked test scores. These findings replicated large-scale validation (Aging Imageomics, 942). Functional analyses an enrichment energy, butyrate, bile acid metabolism both cohorts. Global plasma metabolomics CIL LC-MS IRONMET identified methylhistidine, phenylacetate, alpha-linolenic linoleic acid, secondary 3-methylhistidine, phenylacetylgluamine, adrenic isolithocholic group. Phenylacetate also emerged Aging Imageomics performing untargeted HPLC-ESI-MS/MS metabolic profiling, while targeted profiling again as one most significant HMs. 3-Methylhistidine intense physical activity second (IRONMET-CGM, 116). Finally, FMT from donors improved flexibility, weight, altered SCFAs, histidine-, acid- phenylalanine-related metabolites dorsal striatum recipient mice. seems interact ecosystem affecting histidine, phenylalanine, impact on constituting promising therapeutic target enhance performance, especially subjects obesity.

Language: Английский

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Causal relationship between gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Background Studies showed that development of gut microbial dysbiosis has a close association with type 2 diabetes (T2D). It is not yet clear if there causal relationship between microbiota and T2D. Methods The data collected from the published genome-wide studies (GWASs) on T2D were analyzed. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses performed to identify bacterial taxa Significant further To confirm findings’ robustness, we sensitivity, heterogeneity, pleiotropy analyses. A reverse MR analysis was also check for potential causation. Results By combining findings all steps, identified six taxa, namely, Lachnoclostridium, Oscillospira, Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae UCG003, UCG010 Streptococcus . risk might be positively associated high relative abundance Roseburia but negatively UCG003 UCG010. results revealed relationships different genera And did reveal any evidence causality. Conclusion This study implied have anti-protective effect T2D, whereas Oscillospira , protective Our specific

Language: Английский

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Simulated human digestion and fermentation of a high-molecular weight polysaccharide from Lentinula edodes mushroom and protective effects on intestinal barrier

Carbohydrate Polymers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 343, P. 122478 - 122478

Published: July 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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