Abstract
Australia’s
record-breaking
2019/20
Black
Summer
fire
weather
resulted
from
a
combination
of
natural
and
anthropogenic
climate
factors,
but
the
full
range
variability
in
is
unknown.
We
reconstruct
southeast
Australian
over
Common
Era
based
on
an
East
Antarctic
ice
core
sea-salt
aerosol
record.
This
record
reflects
Southern
Ocean
synoptic-scale
patterns
stratospheric
polar
vortex
strength
that
pre-condition
elevated
danger
Australia.
show
(a)
intensity
was
unprecedented
since
1950
(b)
frequency
above
average
seasons
2010–2020
has
only
occurred
once
(over
1977–1987),
there
are
analogues
for
similar
extreme
caused
by
2000-year
reconstruction.
highlights
need
risk
mitigation
considers
plausible
as
well
forcing.
Plant Cell & Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
47(9), P. 3561 - 3589
Published: Feb. 13, 2024
An
exponential
rise
in
the
atmospheric
vapour
pressure
deficit
(VPD)
is
among
most
consequential
impacts
of
climate
change
terrestrial
ecosystems.
Rising
VPD
has
negative
and
cascading
effects
on
nearly
all
aspects
plant
function
including
photosynthesis,
water
status,
growth
survival.
These
responses
are
exacerbated
by
land-atmosphere
interactions
that
couple
to
soil
govern
evolution
drought,
affecting
a
range
ecosystem
services
carbon
uptake,
biodiversity,
provisioning
resources
crop
yields.
However,
despite
global
nature
this
phenomenon,
research
how
incorporate
these
into
resilient
management
regimes
largely
its
infancy,
due
part
entanglement
trends
with
those
other
co-evolving
drivers.
Here,
we
review
mechanistic
bases
at
spatial
scales,
paying
particular
attention
independent
interactive
influence
context
environmental
changes.
We
then
evaluate
consequences
within
key
contexts,
resources,
croplands,
wildfire
risk
mitigation
natural
grasslands
forests.
conclude
recommendations
describing
could
be
altered
mitigate
otherwise
highly
deleterious
rising
VPD.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
633(8031), P. 835 - 839
Published: Aug. 28, 2024
Abstract
The
2023
Canadian
forest
fires
have
been
extreme
in
scale
and
intensity
with
more
than
seven
times
the
average
annual
area
burned
compared
to
previous
four
decades
1
.
Here,
we
quantify
carbon
emissions
from
these
May
September
on
basis
of
inverse
modelling
satellite
monoxide
observations.
We
find
that
magnitude
is
647
TgC
(570–727
TgC),
comparable
fossil
fuel
large
nations,
only
India,
China
USA
releasing
per
year
2
widespread
hot–dry
weather
was
a
principal
driver
fire
spread,
being
warmest
driest
since
at
least
1980
3
Although
temperatures
were
relative
historical
record,
climate
projections
indicate
are
likely
be
typical
during
2050s,
even
under
moderate
mitigation
scenario
(shared
socioeconomic
pathway,
SSP
2–4.5)
4
Such
conditions
drive
increased
activity
suppress
uptake
by
forests,
adding
concerns
about
long-term
durability
forests
as
sink
5–8
npj Climate and Atmospheric Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Jan. 29, 2024
Abstract
This
study
quantifies
how
changes
in
temperature
and
precipitation
would
influence
the
intensity
duration
of
extreme
fires
across
Europe.
The
analysis
explores
impact
a
range
climate
change
projections
on
fire
events
compared
to
baseline
danger,
using
30-year
ERA5
reanalysis.
results
show
that
areas
southern
Europe
could
experience
tenfold
increase
probability
catastrophic
occurring
any
given
year
under
moderate
CMIP6
scenario.
If
global
temperatures
reach
+2
°C
threshold,
central
northern
will
also
become
more
susceptible
wildfires
during
droughts.
increased
extremes
warming
climate,
combination
with
an
average
one-week
extension
season
most
countries,
put
extra
strain
Europe’s
ability
cope
forthcoming
decades.
Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
386(6719)
Published: Oct. 17, 2024
Climate
change
increases
fire-favorable
weather
in
forests,
but
fire
trends
are
also
affected
by
multiple
other
controlling
factors
that
difficult
to
untangle.
We
use
machine
learning
systematically
group
forest
ecoregions
into
12
global
pyromes,
with
each
showing
distinct
sensitivities
climatic,
human,
and
vegetation
controls.
This
delineation
revealed
rapidly
increasing
emissions
extratropical
linked
climate
change,
offset
declining
tropical
pyromes
during
2001
2023.
Annual
tripled
one
pyrome
due
weather,
compounded
increased
cover
productivity.
contributed
a
60%
increase
carbon
from
globally.
Our
results
highlight
the
vulnerability
of
forests
their
stocks
disturbance
under
change.
Science Advances,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
10(10)
Published: March 6, 2024
We
examine
the
characteristics
and
causes
of
southeast
Australia's
Tinderbox
Drought
(2017
to
2019)
that
preceded
Black
Summer
fire
disaster.
The
was
characterized
by
cool
season
rainfall
deficits
around
-50%
in
three
consecutive
years,
which
exceptionally
unlikely
context
natural
variability
alone.
precipitation
were
initiated
sustained
an
anomalous
atmospheric
circulation
diverted
oceanic
moisture
away
from
region,
despite
traditional
indicators
drought
risk
Australia
generally
being
neutral
states.
Moisture
intensified
unusually
high
temperatures,
vapor
pressure
deficits,
reductions
terrestrial
water
availability.
Anthropogenic
forcing
18%
with
interquartile
range
34.9
-13.3%
highlighting
considerable
uncertainty
attributing
droughts
this
kind
human
activity.
Skillful
predictability
possible
incorporating
multiple
remote
local
predictors
through
machine
learning,
providing
prospects
for
improving
forecasting
droughts.
New Phytologist,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
241(3), P. 984 - 999
Published: Dec. 14, 2023
Summary
Plant
hydraulics
is
crucial
for
assessing
the
plants'
capacity
to
extract
and
transport
water
from
soil
up
their
aerial
organs.
Along
with
exchange
between
plant
compartments
regulate
evaporation,
hydraulic
properties
determine
relations,
status
susceptibility
pathogen
attacks.
Consequently,
any
variation
in
characteristics
of
plants
likely
significantly
impact
various
mechanisms
processes
related
growth,
survival
production,
as
well
risk
biotic
attacks
forest
fire
behaviour.
However,
integration
traits
into
disciplines
such
pathology,
entomology,
ecology
or
agriculture
can
be
improved.
This
review
examines
how
provide
new
insights
our
understanding
these
processes,
including
modelling
vegetation
dynamics,
illuminating
numerous
perspectives
consequences
climate
change
on
agronomic
systems,
addressing
unanswered
questions
across
multiple
areas
knowledge.
Environmental Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
18(6), P. 064011 - 064011
Published: May 16, 2023
Abstract
Increases
in
burned
forest
area
across
the
western
United
States
and
southwestern
Canada
over
last
several
decades
have
been
partially
driven
by
a
rise
vapor
pressure
deficit
(VPD),
measure
of
atmosphere’s
drying
power
that
is
significantly
influenced
human-caused
climate
change.
Previous
research
has
quantified
contribution
carbon
emissions
traced
back
to
set
88
major
fossil
fuel
producers
cement
manufacturers
historical
global
mean
temperature
rise.
In
this
study,
we
extend
into
domain
fires.
We
use
energy
balance
carbon-cycle
model,
suite
models,
(BA)
model
determine
long-term
increase
VPD
during
1901–2021
cumulative
fire
1986–2021
US
Canada.
Based
on
data,
find
these
contributed
48%
(interquartile
range
(IQR)
38%–63%)
between
1901
2021.
BA
modeling
indicates
also
37%
(IQR
26%–47%)
fires
1986
2021
The
region
linked
both
increased
activity
region’s
current
prolonged
megadrought.
As
loss
damage
from
hazards
mounts,
can
inform
public
legal
dialogues
regarding
responsibility
bear
for
addressing
past,
present,
future
risks
associated
with
drought
