Meta-analysis of shotgun sequencing of gut microbiota in Parkinson’s disease

npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 21, 2024

Abstract We aimed to identify gut microbial features in Parkinson’s disease (PD) across countries by meta-analyzing our fecal shotgun sequencing dataset of 94 PD patients and 73 controls Japan with five previously reported datasets from USA, Germany, China1, China2, Taiwan. GC-MS LC-MS/MS assays were established quantify short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) polyamines, respectively. α-Diversity was increased six datasets. Taxonomic analysis showed that species Akkermansia muciniphila PD, while Roseburia intestinalis Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased PD. Pathway genes the biosyntheses riboflavin biotin markedly after adjusting for confounding factors. Five out categories carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) Metabolomic samples revealed SCFAs polyamines significantly Genes positively correlated concentrations polyamines. Bacteria accounted biosynthesis Japan, Germany different those Similarly, bacteria two country groups. postulate reduce intestinal mucus layer, which subsequently facilitates formation abnormal α-synuclein fibrils neural plexus also cause neuroinflammation

Language: Английский

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The role of short-chain fatty acids in central nervous system diseases: A bibliometric and visualized analysis with future directions

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. e26377 - e26377

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are thought to play a key role in the microbe-gut-brain axis and involve pathogenesis of variety neurological diseases. This study aimed identify research hotspots evolution trends SCFAs central nervous diseases (CNS) examine current trends.

Language: Английский

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Lewy body diseases and the gut

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in Lewy body diseases (LBDs) has been observed since the initial descriptions of patients by James Parkinson. Recent experimental and human observational studies raise possibility that pathogenic alpha-synuclein (⍺-syn) might develop GI tract subsequently spread to susceptible brain regions. The cellular mechanistic origins ⍺-syn propagation disease are under intense investigation. Experimental LBD models have implicated important contributions from intrinsic gut microbiome, intestinal immune system, environmental toxicants, acting as triggers modifiers pathologies. Here, we review primary clinical observations link dysfunctions LBDs. We first provide an overview anatomy repertoire relevant for disease, with a focus on luminal-sensing cells epithelium including enteroendocrine express make direct contact nerves. describe interactions within resident microbes exogenous how these may directly contribute pathology along related metabolic immunological responses. Finally, critical knowledge gaps field highlighted, focusing pivotal questions remain some 200 years after dysfunction predict better understanding pathophysiologies influence risk progression will accelerate discoveries lead deeper overall potential therapeutic strategies targeting gut-brain axis delay, arrest, or prevent progression.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota in dementia with Lewy bodies

npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Dec. 9, 2022

Gut microbiota and fecal bile acids were analyzed in 278 patients with α-synucleinopathies, which comprised of 28 dementia Lewy bodies (DLB), 224 Parkinson's disease (PD), 26 idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). Similarly to PD, short-chain fatty acids-producing genera decreased DLB. Additionally, Ruminococcus torques Collinsella increased DLB, not changed PD. Random forest models differentiate DLB PD showed that high Collinsella, presumably increase intestinal permeability, as well low Bifidobacterium, are also observed Alzheimer's disease, predictive As major secondary bacteria, we quantified found the production ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was Increased UDCA may mitigate neuroinflammation at substantia nigra, whereas be critical neocortex. Theraeutic intervention Bifidobacteirum its metabolites retard development progression

Language: Английский

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Pterostilbene Enhances Thermogenesis and Mitochondrial Biogenesis by Activating the SIRT1/PGC‐1α/SIRT3 Pathway to Prevent Western Diet‐Induced Obesity

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 67(18)

Published: July 23, 2023

Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (SIRT1/PGC-1α) pathway activation is known to promote thermogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Pterostilbene (PSB) pinostilbene (PIN), the methylated analogs of resveratrol, are potential candidates enhance biogenesis.A model Western diet-induced obesity in mice designed. Either PSB or PIN supplemented diet for 16 weeks. Both samples can significantly reduce body weight gain but only decrease inguinal adipose tissue weight. Besides, both lipolysis supplementation activates SIRT1/PGC-1α/SIRT3 biogenesis tissue. In addition, although exert a modulatory effect on gut microbiota significant increments fecal isobutyric acid, valeric isovaleric acid observed group, functioning as microbial metabolites.Overall, these findings suggest improvement dysbiosis. With its higher stability, exerts greater than by promoting via SIRT1 activation.

Language: Английский

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Relationship Between Short-chain Fatty Acids and Parkinson’s Disease: A Review from Pathology to Clinic

Neuroscience Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(4), P. 500 - 516

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complicated neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in Lewy bodies and neurites, massive loss midbrain dopamine neurons. Increasing evidence suggests that gut microbiota microbial metabolites are involved development PD. Among these, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), most abundant metabolites, have been proven to play key role brain-gut communication. In this review, we analyze SCFAs pathology PD from multiple dimensions summarize alterations patients as well their correlation with motor non-motor symptoms. Future research should focus on further elucidating neuroinflammation, developing novel strategies employing derivatives treat

Language: Английский

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Gastrointestinal disorders in Parkinson’s disease and other Lewy body diseases

npj Parkinson s Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: May 5, 2023

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD) is pathologically characterized by the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein fibrils (Lewy bodies) in substantia nigra and other brain regions, although role Lewy bodies remains elusive. Constipation usually precedes motor symptoms PD, which accordance with notion that start from intestinal neural plexus ascend to at least half PD patients. The gut microbiota likely be involved pathologies. Analyses rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder, dementia suggest three pathological pathways. First, Akkermansia , increased degrades mucus layer increases permeability, triggers inflammation oxidative stress plexus. Second, decreased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria reduce number regulatory T cells. Third, SCFAs also aggravate microglial activation an unelucidated pathway. In addition, (DLB), another form α-synucleinopathies, genera, Ruminococcus torques Collinsella may mitigate neuroinflammation increasing secondary bile acids. Interventions for their metabolites potentially delay or development progression body diseases.

Language: Английский

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Efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson's syndrome: a phase 2, single centre, randomised clinical trial

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 101888 - 101888

Published: March 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Causal Associations Between Gut Microbiota and Cerebrovascular Diseases

World Neurosurgery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 183, P. e587 - e597

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Quercetin ameliorates bone loss in OVX rats by modulating the intestinal flora-SCFAs-inflammatory signaling axis

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 112341 - 112341

Published: May 28, 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a common systemic skeletal disorder characterized by an imbalance in bone homeostasis, involving increased osteoclastic formation and decreased osteoblastic resorption. Quercetin plant polyphenol that has been found to exhibit various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial effects. Previous studies have demonstrated its potential improve postmenopausal OP, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. This study aims investigate anti-osteoporotic of quercetin based on "intestinal flora − short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) inflammatory" signaling axis. In this study, we established ovariectomized (OVX)-induced rat model, intervention evaluated effects rats following antibiotic (ABX) treatment fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). After 6 weeks intervention, were euthanized, samples from their femur, tibia, lumbar spine, serum, colon feces collected, strength, intestinal structure, SCFAs levels cytokine assessed. modulates increasing potentially probiotic bacteria (i.e., Lactobacillales, Prevotellaceae, Blautia) decreasing pathogenic (Desulfobacterota, Erysipelotrichales, Romboutsia, Butyricoccaceae). It also increases content reduces colonic permeability enhancing tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occludin). Furthermore, lowers proinflammatory (LPS, IL-1β, TNF-α), which enhances strength prevents OVX-induced loss. may effectively reduce loss OVX via pathway.

Language: Английский

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