EBV Reactivation and Disease in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) Recipients and Its Impact on HSCT Outcomes DOI Creative Commons
Nancy Law, Cathy Logan, Randy Taplitz

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1294 - 1294

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

The acquisition or reactivation of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) after allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) can be associated with complications including the development post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD), which is significant morbidity and mortality. A number risk factors for PTLD have been defined, T-cell depletion, approaches to monitoring EBV, especially in high-risk patients, use preemptive therapy upon viral activation described. Newer therapies preemption treatment PTLD, such as EBV-specific cytotoxic T-cells, hold promise. Further studies help define risks, diagnosis, EBV-related are needed this at-risk population.

Language: Английский

Epidemiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current insights and future outlook DOI
Zhi Yi Su, Pui Yan Siak,

Yu Yu Lwin

et al.

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(3), P. 919 - 939

Published: March 2, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Risk factors for multiple sclerosis in the context of Epstein-Barr virus infection DOI Creative Commons
Anna Karin Hedström

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: July 24, 2023

Compelling evidence indicates that Epstein Barr virus (EBV) infection is a prerequisite for multiple sclerosis (MS). The disease may arise from complex interplay between latent EBV infection, genetic predisposition, and various environmental lifestyle factors negatively affect immune control of the infection. Evidence gene-environment interactions epigenetic modifications triggered by in genetically susceptible individuals supports this view. This review gives short introduction to host immunity discusses indicating as MS. role risk factors, their interactions, MS pathogenesis reviewed put context Finally, possible preventive measures are discussed based on findings presented.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Epigenetic Mechanisms in Latent Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Associated Cancers DOI Open Access
Atharva S. Torne, Erle S. Robertson

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(5), P. 991 - 991

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a double-stranded DNA-based human tumor virus that was first isolated in 1964 from lymphoma biopsies. Since its initial discovery, EBV has been identified as major contributor to numerous cancers and chronic autoimmune disorders. particularly efficient at infecting B-cells but can also infect epithelial cells, utilizing an array of epigenetic strategies establish long-term latent infection. association with histone modifications, alteration DNA methylation patterns host viral genomes, microRNA targeting cell factors are core drive interactions between virus, which necessary for persistence progression EBV-associated diseases. Therefore, understanding regulation role post-entry dynamics elusive area research. Here, we present current outlooks it pertains during infection propensity induce tumorigenesis. We review the important regulators latency explore how involved differential profiles host-virus cancers.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Structure of the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus gB in post-fusion conformation DOI Creative Commons
Fumiaki Ito, James Zhen, Guodong Xie

et al.

Journal of Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 17, 2025

Discovered in 1994 lesions of an AIDS patient, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a member the gammaherpesvirus subfamily Herpesviridae family, which contains total nine that infect humans. These viruses all contain large envelope glycoprotein, glycoprotein B (gB), required for viral fusion with host cell membrane to initial infection. Although atomic structures five other human herpesviruses their postfusion conformation and one its prefusion are known, structure KSHV gB has not been reported. Here, we report first ectodomain determined by single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM). Despite similar global fold between gB, possesses local differences shared relatives herpesviruses. The glycosylation sites arranged belts down symmetry axis distinct localization compared herpesviruses, occludes certain antibody binding sites. An extended glycan chain observed domain I (DI), located proximal membrane, may suggest possible role attachment. Local flexibility IV (DIV) governed molecular hinges at interdomain junctions identifies means enabling conformational change. A mutation III (DIII) central helix disrupts incorporation into virions despite adoption canonical vitro. Taken together, this study reveals mechanisms structural variability protein informs folding immunogenicity.IMPORTANCEIn 1994, cancer-causing virus was discovered patients, later named (KSHV). As latest herpesvirus, classified Herpesviridae. In study, have expressed employed (cryoEM) determine structure. Importantly, our resolves some glycans beyond sugar moiety. pattern unique KSHV, impacts antigenicity gB. Our also caused domains provide clues mechanism behind drastic change states.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Comprehensive analysis of lipid nanoparticle formulation and preparation for RNA delivery DOI Creative Commons
Md. Anamul Haque, Archana Shrestha, Constantinos M. Mikelis

et al.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 100283 - 100283

Published: Sept. 10, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
T cell-mediated immunity during Epstein–Barr virus infections in children DOI Creative Commons
Mengjia Liu, Ran Wang, Zhengde Xie

et al.

Infection Genetics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 112, P. 105443 - 105443

Published: May 17, 2023

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is extremely common worldwide, with approximately 90% of adults testing positive for EBV antibodies. Human are susceptible to infection, and primary typically occurs early in life. can cause infectious mononucleosis (IM) as well some severe non-neoplastic diseases, such chronic active (CAEBV) EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH), which have a heavy disease burden. After individuals develop robust EBV-specific T cell immune responses, CD8+ part CD4+ cells functioning cytotoxic cells, defending against virus. Different proteins expressed during EBV's lytic replication latent proliferation varying degrees cellular responses. Strong immunity plays key role controlling by decreasing viral load eliminating infected cells. However, the persists healthy carriers even response. When reactivated, it undergoes then transmits virions new host. Currently, relationship between pathogenesis lymphoproliferative diseases adaptive system still not fully clarified needs be explored future. Investigating responses evoked utilizing this knowledge design promising prophylactic vaccines urgent issues future research due importance immunity.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
A cocktail nanovaccine targeting key entry glycoproteins elicits high neutralizing antibody levels against EBV infection DOI Creative Commons
L. Zhong,

Wanlin Zhang,

Hong Liu

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: June 21, 2024

Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects more than 95% of adults worldwide and is closely associated with various malignancies. Considering the complex life cycle EBV, developing vaccines targeting key entry glycoproteins to elicit robust durable adaptive immune responses may provide better protection. EBV gHgL-, gB- gp42-specific antibodies in healthy carriers contributed sera neutralizing abilities vitro, indicating that they are potential antigen candidates. To enhance immunogenicity these antigens, we formulate three nanovaccines by co-delivering molecular adjuvants (CpG MPLA) antigens (gHgL, gB or gp42). These induce humoral cellular through efficient activation dendritic cells germinal center response. Importantly, generate high levels recognizing vulnerable sites all antigens. IgGs induced a cocktail vaccine containing confer superior protection from lethal challenge female humanized mice compared IgG elicited individual NP-gHgL, NP-gB NP-gp42. serum nanovaccine immunization against EBV-associated lymphoma. Overall, shows promising candidate for further clinical trials.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Worldwide Prevalence of Epstein–Barr Virus in Patients with Burkitt Lymphoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis DOI Creative Commons
Mutaz Jamal Al-Khreisat, Nor Hayati Ismail, Abedelmalek Tabnjh

et al.

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 2068 - 2068

Published: June 15, 2023

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a form of B-cell malignancy that progresses aggressively and most often seen in children. While Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) double-stranded DNA has been linked to variety cancers, it can transform B lymphocytes into immortalized cells, as shown BL. Therefore, the estimated prevalence EBV population may assist prediction whether this high risk increased BL cases. This systematic review meta-analysis aimed estimate patients with lymphoma. Using appropriate keywords, four electronic databases were searched. The quality included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool. results reported percentages 95% confidence interval random-effects model (CI). PROSPERO used register protocol (CRD42022372293), 135 included. 57.5% (95% CI: 51.5 63.4, n = 4837). sensitivity analyses demonstrated consistent results, 65.2% quality. Egger's test revealed there significant publication bias. found significantly proportion (more than 50% patients). study recommends testing an alternative for predictions assessment clinical disease status

Language: Английский

Citations

11
The hide-and-seek game of the oncogenic Epstein-Barr virus-encoded EBNA1 protein with the immune system: An RNA G-quadruplex tale DOI Creative Commons
Van-Trang Dinh, Nadège Loaëc, Alicia Quillévéré

et al.

Biochimie, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 214, P. 57 - 68

Published: July 19, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Looking Back, Moving Forward: Challenges and Opportunities for Global Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control DOI Creative Commons
Philip E. Castle

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 1357 - 1357

Published: Aug. 25, 2024

Despite the introduction of Pap testing for screening to prevent cervical cancer in mid-20th century, remains a common cause cancer-related mortality and morbidity globally. This is primarily due differences access care between low-income high-income resource settings, resulting being one cancers with greatest health disparity. The discovery human papillomavirus (HPV) as near-obligate viral can revolutionize how it be prevented: HPV vaccination against infection prophylaxis testing-based detection treatment pre-cancers interception. As result this progress, World Health Organization has championed elimination global problem. However, unless research, investments, actions are taken ensure equitable these highly effective preventive interventions, there real threat exacerbating current inequities cancer. In review, progress date challenges opportunities fulfilling potential HPV-targeted prevention control discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

4