Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 2265 - 2289
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
produced
by
all
cells
in
the
body.
These
biological
nanoparticles
facilitate
cellular
communication
through
transport
of
diverse
cargoes,
including
small
molecules,
proteins,
and
nucleic
acids.
mRNA
cargoes
have
gained
particular
interest
given
their
role
translation
functional
proteins.
As
a
biomarker
platform,
EVs
can
be
found
nearly
biofluids-blood,
mucus,
urine,
cerebrospinal
fluid,
saliva-providing
real-time
insight
into
parent
cell
tissue
function.
mRNAs
carried
protected
from
degradation,
resulting
improved
detection
compared
to
free
mRNA,
recent
work
demonstrates
promising
results
using
these
as
biomarkers
for
cancer,
neurological
diseases,
infectious
gynecologic
obstetric
outcomes.
Furthermore,
innate
cargo
carrying,
targeting,
barrier
crossing
abilities
EVs,
structures
been
proposed
therapeutic
carriers
mRNA.
Recent
advances
demonstrate
methods
loading
range
disease
indications.
Here,
we
review
studies
diagnostics
therapeutics.
We
discuss
challenges
associated
with
diagnostic
applications
highlight
opportunities
future
development.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
35(51)
Published: May 17, 2023
Abstract
Messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
has
received
great
attention
in
the
prevention
and
treatment
of
various
diseases
due
to
success
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID‐19)
mRNA
vaccines
(Comirnaty
Spikevax).
To
meet
therapeutic
purpose,
it
is
required
that
must
enter
target
cells
express
sufficient
proteins.
Therefore,
development
effective
delivery
systems
necessary
crucial.
Lipid
nanoparticle
(LNP)
represents
a
remarkable
vehicle
indeed
accelerated
applications
humans,
as
several
mRNA‐based
therapies
have
already
been
approved
or
are
clinical
trials.
In
this
review,
focus
on
mRNA‐LNP‐mediated
anticancer
therapy.
It
summarizes
main
strategies
mRNA‐LNP
formulations,
discusses
representative
approaches
cancer,
points
out
current
challenges
possible
future
directions
research
field.
hoped
these
delivered
messages
can
help
further
improve
application
technology
cancer
Journal of Biomedical Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
30(1)
Published: Oct. 7, 2023
mRNA-based
drugs
have
tremendous
potential
as
clinical
treatments,
however,
a
major
challenge
in
realizing
this
drug
class
will
promise
to
develop
methods
for
safely
delivering
the
bioactive
agents
with
high
efficiency
and
without
activating
immune
system.
With
regard
mRNA
vaccines,
researchers
modified
structure
enhance
its
stability
promote
systemic
tolerance
of
antigenic
presentation
non-inflammatory
contexts.
Still,
delivery
naked
mRNAs
is
inefficient
results
low
levels
antigen
protein
production.
As
such,
lipid
nanoparticles
been
utilized
improve
protect
cargo
from
extracellular
degradation.
This
advance
was
milestone
development
vaccines
dispelled
skepticism
about
technology
yield
clinically
approved
medicines.
Following
resounding
success
COVID-19,
many
other
proposed
treatment
variety
diseases.
review
begins
discussion
modifications
vehicles,
well
factors
that
influence
administration
routes.
Then,
we
summarize
applications
discuss
further
key
points
pertaining
preclinical
targeting
wide
range
Finally,
latest
market
trends
future
drugs.
Experimental & Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
56(4), P. 836 - 849
Published: April 1, 2024
Abstract
Exosomes,
which
are
nanosized
vesicles
secreted
by
cells,
attracting
increasing
interest
in
the
field
of
biomedical
research
due
to
their
unique
properties,
including
biocompatibility,
cargo
loading
capacity,
and
deep
tissue
penetration.
They
serve
as
natural
signaling
agents
intercellular
communication,
inherent
ability
carry
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids
endows
them
with
remarkable
therapeutic
potential.
Thus,
exosomes
can
be
exploited
for
diverse
applications,
chemotherapy,
gene
therapy,
photothermal
therapy.
Moreover,
capacity
homotypic
targeting
self-recognition
provides
opportunities
personalized
medicine.
Despite
advantages
novel
agents,
there
several
challenges
optimizing
efficiency
structural
stability
defining
exosome
origins.
Future
should
include
development
large-scale,
quality-controllable
production
methods,
refinement
drug
strategies,
extensive
vivo
studies
clinical
trials.
unresolved
difficulties,
use
efficient,
stable,
safe
delivery
systems
is
an
interesting
area
research.
Therefore,
this
review
describes
summarizes
cutting-edge
published
high-impact
journals
that
have
introduced
or
enhanced
effects
using
a
system
past
2
years.
We
provide
informative
overview
current
state
research,
highlighting
properties
applications
exosomes.
also
emphasize
future
directions,
underscoring
importance
addressing
key
issues
field.
With
review,
we
encourage
researchers
further
develop
exosome-based
drugs
application,
such
may
among
most
promising
next-generation
therapeutics.
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
200, P. 115042 - 115042
Published: Aug. 2, 2023
The
concept
of
using
mRNA
to
produce
its
own
medicine
in
situ
the
body
makes
it
an
ideal
drug
candidate,
holding
great
potential
revolutionize
way
we
approach
medicine.
unique
characteristics
mRNA,
as
well
customizable
biomedical
functions,
call
for
rational
design
delivery
systems
protect
and
transport
molecules.
In
this
review,
a
nanoparticle
toolkit
is
presented
development
mRNA-based
therapeutics
from
perspective.
Nano-delivery
derived
either
natural
or
chemical
synthesis,
nature
organic
inorganic
materials,
are
summarised.
Delivery
strategies
controlling
tissue
targeting
release,
role
nanoparticles
building
boosting
activity
drugs,
have
also
been
introduced.
end,
our
insights
into
clinical
translational
nano-drugs
presented.
European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
193, P. 106688 - 106688
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
The
limitations
of
conventional
cancer
treatment
are
driving
the
emergence
and
development
nanomedicines.
Research
in
liposomal
nanomedicine
for
therapy
is
rapidly
increasing,
opening
up
new
horizons
treatment.
Liposomal
nanomedicine,
which
focuses
on
targeted
drug
delivery
to
improve
therapeutic
effect
while
reducing
damage
normal
tissues
cells,
has
great
potential
field
therapy.
This
review
aims
clarify
advantages
systems
We
describe
recent
understanding
spatiotemporal
fate
liposomes
organism
after
different
routes
administration.
Meanwhile,
various
types
liposome-based
that
exert
their
respective
side
effects
were
discussed.
Moreover,
combination
agents
with
other
therapies
(such
as
photodynamic
photothermal
therapy)
demonstrated
enhanced
tumor-targeting
efficiency
efficacy.
Finally,
opportunities
challenges
faced
by
liposome
nanoformulations
entering
clinical
highlighted.
Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 1, 2023
Microneedles
(MNs)
can
be
used
for
the
topical
treatment
of
skin
disorders
as
they
directly
deliver
therapeutics
to
site
lesions,
resulting
in
increased
therapeutic
efficacy
while
having
minimum
side
effects.
MNs
are
different
kinds
(e.g.,
small
molecules,
macromolecules,
nanomedicines,
living
cells,
bacteria,
and
exosomes)
treating
various
disorders,
including
superficial
tumors,
wounds,
infections,
inflammatory
diseases,
abnormal
appearance.
The
improved
by
integrating
advantages
multiple
perform
combination
therapy.
Through
careful
designing,
further
modified
with
biomimetic
structures
responsive
drug
release
from
internal
external
stimuli
enhance
transdermal
delivery
efficiency
robust
outcomes.
Some
studies
have
proposed
use
drug-free
a
promising
mechanotherapeutic
strategy
promote
wound
healing,
scar
removal,
hair
regeneration
via
mechanical
communication
pathway.
Although
several
advantages,
practical
application
suffers
problems
related
industrial
manufacture
clinical
evaluation,
making
it
difficult
translation.
In
this
study,
we
summarized
applications,
emerging
challenges,
developmental
prospects
provide
information
on
ways
advance
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: July 4, 2024
Abstract
Messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
has
emerged
as
a
promising
therapeutic
molecule
with
numerous
clinical
applications
in
treating
central
nervous
system
disorders,
tumors,
COVID-19,
and
other
diseases.
mRNA
therapies
must
be
encapsulated
into
safe,
stable,
effective
delivery
vehicles
to
preserve
the
cargo
from
degradation
prevent
immunogenicity.
Exosomes
have
gained
growing
attention
because
of
their
good
biocompatibility,
low
immunogenicity,
small
size,
unique
capacity
traverse
physiological
barriers,
cell-specific
tropism.
Moreover,
these
exosomes
can
engineered
utilize
natural
carriers
target
specific
cells
or
tissues.
This
targeted
approach
will
enhance
efficacy
reduce
side
effects
mRNAs.
However,
difficulties
such
lack
consistent
reliable
methods
for
exosome
purification
efficient
encapsulation
large
mRNAs
addressed.
article
outlines
current
breakthroughs
cell-derived
vesicle-mediated
its
biomedical
applications.
Graphical
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 16, 2024
Topical
drug
delivery
is
widely
used
in
various
diseases
because
of
the
advantages
not
passing
through
gastrointestinal
tract,
avoiding
irritation
and
hepatic
first-pass
effect,
reaching
lesion
directly
to
reduce
unnecessary
adverse
reactions.
The
skin
helps
organism
defend
itself
against
a
huge
majority
external
aggressions
one
most
important
lines
defense
body.
However,
skin’s
strong
barrier
ability
also
obstacle
effectiveness
topical
medications.
Allowing
bioactive,
composition
pass
stratum
corneum
as
needed
reach
target
site
essential
need
for
exert
its
therapeutic
effect.
state
barrier,
choice
system
composition,
individualized
disease
detection
dosing
planning
influence
Nowadays,
enhancing
transdermal
absorption
topically
applied
drugs
hottest
research
area.
first
improve
all
drugs.
Excessive
enhances
accumulation
at
non-target
sites
occurrence
This
paper
introduces
strategies
from
three
perspectives:
delivery,
describes
current
status
shortcomings
research,
provides
new
directions
ideas
research.
