Trends in biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
38(10), P. 1066 - 1098
Published: June 18, 2020
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
phospholipid
bilayer
membrane-enclosed
structures
containing
RNAs,
proteins,
lipids,
metabolites,
and
other
molecules,
secreted
by
various
cells
into
physiological
fluids.
EV-mediated
transfer
of
biomolecules
is
a
critical
component
variety
pathological
processes.
Potential
applications
EVs
in
novel
diagnostic
therapeutic
strategies
have
brought
increasing
attention.
However,
EV
research
remains
highly
challenging
due
to
the
inherently
complex
biogenesis
their
vast
heterogeneity
size,
composition,
origin.
There
need
for
establishment
standardized
methods
that
address
sources
pre-analytical
analytical
variability
studies.
Here,
we
review
technologies
developed
isolation
characterization
discuss
paths
toward
standardization
research.
Science,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
367(6478)
Published: Feb. 7, 2020
Clinical
uses
of
cellular
communication
Exosomes
are
a
type
extracellular
vesicle
that
contain
constituents
(protein,
DNA,
and
RNA)
the
cells
secrete
them.
They
taken
up
by
distant
cells,
where
they
can
affect
cell
function
behavior.
Intercellular
through
exosomes
seems
to
be
involved
in
pathogenesis
various
disorders,
including
cancer,
neurodegeneration,
inflammatory
diseases.
In
Review,
Kalluri
LeBleu
discuss
biogenesis
disease,
highlighting
areas
more
research
is
needed.
also
potential
clinical
applications
exosome
profiling
for
diagnostics
exosome-mediated
delivery
therapeutics
target
disease
cells.
Science
,
this
issue
p.
eaau6977
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(2)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
through
their
complex
cargo,
can
reflect
the
state
of
cell
origin
and
change
functions
phenotypes
other
cells.
These
features
indicate
strong
biomarker
therapeutic
potential
have
generated
broad
interest,
as
evidenced
by
steady
year-on-year
increase
in
numbers
scientific
publications
about
EVs.
Important
advances
been
made
EV
metrology
understanding
applying
biology.
However,
hurdles
remain
to
realising
EVs
domains
ranging
from
basic
biology
clinical
applications
due
challenges
nomenclature,
separation
non-vesicular
extracellular
particles,
characterisation
functional
studies.
To
address
opportunities
this
rapidly
evolving
field,
International
Society
for
Vesicles
(ISEV)
updates
its
'Minimal
Information
Studies
Vesicles',
which
was
first
published
2014
then
2018
MISEV2014
MISEV2018,
respectively.
The
goal
current
document,
MISEV2023,
is
provide
researchers
with
an
updated
snapshot
available
approaches
advantages
limitations
production,
multiple
sources,
including
culture,
body
fluids
solid
tissues.
In
addition
presenting
latest
art
principles
research,
document
also
covers
advanced
techniques
that
are
currently
expanding
boundaries
field.
MISEV2023
includes
new
sections
on
release
uptake
a
brief
discussion
vivo
study
Compiling
feedback
ISEV
expert
task
forces
more
than
1000
researchers,
conveys
research
facilitate
robust
discoveries
move
field
forward
even
rapidly.
Cell Communication and Signaling,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
19(1)
Published: April 23, 2021
Abstract
The
use
of
exosomes
in
clinical
settings
is
progressively
becoming
a
reality,
as
trials
testing
for
diagnostic
and
therapeutic
applications
are
generating
remarkable
interest
from
the
scientific
community
investors.
Exosomes
small
extracellular
vesicles
secreted
by
all
cell
types
playing
intercellular
communication
roles
health
disease
transferring
cellular
cargoes
such
functional
proteins,
metabolites
nucleic
acids
to
recipient
cells.
An
in-depth
understanding
exosome
biology
therefore
essential
ensure
development
based
investigational
products.
Here
we
summarise
most
up-to-date
knowkedge
about
complex
biological
journey
biogenesis
secretion,
transport
uptake
their
intracellular
signalling.
We
delineate
major
pathways
molecular
players
that
influence
each
step
physiology,
highlighting
routes
interest,
which
will
be
benefit
manipulation
engineering.
highlight
main
controversies
field
research:
adequate
definition,
characterisation
at
plasma
membrane.
also
common
identified
pitfalls
affecting
research
development.
Unravelling
physiology
key
ultimate
progression
towards
applications.
Theranostics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(7), P. 3183 - 3195
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Exosomes
are
cell-derived
nanovesicles
that
involved
in
the
intercellular
transportation
of
materials.
Therapeutics,
such
as
small
molecules
or
nucleic
acid
drugs,
can
be
incorporated
into
exosomes
and
then
delivered
to
specific
types
cells
tissues
realize
targeted
drug
delivery.
Targeted
delivery
increases
local
concentration
therapeutics
minimizes
side
effects.
Here,
we
present
a
detailed
review
engineering
through
genetic
chemical
methods
for
Although
still
its
infancy,
exosome-mediated
boasts
low
toxicity,
immunogenicity,
high
engineerability,
holds
promise
cell-free
therapies
wide
range
diseases.
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
159, P. 332 - 343
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
Over
the
past
decades,
a
multitude
of
synthetic
drug
delivery
systems
has
been
developed
and
introduced
to
market.
However,
applications
such
are
limited
due
inefficiency,
cytotoxicity
and/or
immunogenicity.
At
same
time,
field
natural
carrier
grown
rapidly.
One
most
prominent
examples
carriers
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs).
EVs
cell-derived
membranous
particles
which
play
important
roles
in
intercellular
communication.
possess
number
characteristics
that
qualify
them
as
promising
vehicles
for
delivery.
In
order
take
advantage
these
attributes,
an
in-depth
understanding
why
unique
how
we
can
exploit
their
qualities
is
pivotal.
Here,
review
EV
features
relevant
highlight
emerging
strategies
make
use
those
loading
targeted
