Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Nov. 28, 2024
Cuproptosis
is
a
recently
discovered
form
of
regulated
cell
death
triggered
by
mitochondrial
copper
accumulation
and
proteotoxic
stress.
Here,
we
provide
the
first
evidence
that
glutathione
(GSH),
major
non-protein
thiol
in
cells,
acts
as
cuproptosis
inhibitor
pancreatic
ductal
adenocarcinoma
(PDAC)
cells.
Mechanistically,
GSH
inhibits
chelating
copper,
contrasting
its
role
blocking
ferroptosis
inhibiting
lipid
peroxidation.
The
classical
inducer,
ES-Cu
(elesclomol
plus
copper),
increases
protein
stability
transcription
factor
NFE2L2
(also
known
NRF2),
leading
to
upregulation
gene
expression
glutamate-cysteine
ligase
modifier
subunit
(GCLM)
catalytic
(GCLC).
GCLM
GCLC
are
rate-limiting
enzymes
synthesis,
increased
transported
into
mitochondria
via
solute
carrier
family
25
member
39
(SLC25A39)
transporter.
Consequently,
genetic
inhibition
NFE2L2-GSH-SLC25A39
pathway
enhances
cuproptosis-mediated
tumor
suppression
culture
mouse
models.
These
findings
not
only
reveal
distinct
mechanisms
ferroptosis,
but
also
suggest
potential
combination
strategy
suppress
PDAC
growth.
Cell Death and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(8)
Published: Aug. 1, 2024
Abstract
Reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
are
highly
reactive
oxygen-containing
molecules
generated
as
natural
byproducts
during
cellular
processes,
including
metabolism.
Under
normal
conditions,
ROS
play
crucial
roles
in
diverse
functions,
cell
signaling
and
immune
responses.
However,
a
disturbance
the
balance
between
production
antioxidant
defenses
can
lead
to
an
excessive
buildup,
causing
oxidative
stress.
This
stress
damages
essential
components,
lipids,
proteins,
DNA,
potentially
culminating
death.
form
of
death
take
various
forms,
such
ferroptosis,
apoptosis,
necroptosis,
pyroptosis,
paraptosis,
parthanatos,
oxeiptosis,
each
displaying
distinct
genetic,
biochemical,
characteristics.
The
investigation
holds
promise
for
development
pharmacological
agents
that
used
prevent
tumorigenesis
or
treat
established
cancer.
Specifically,
targeting
key
SLC7A11,
GCLC,
GPX4,
TXN,
TXNRD,
represents
emerging
approach
inducing
cancer
cells.
review
provides
comprehensive
summary
recent
progress,
opportunities,
challenges
therapy.
Autophagy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(6), P. 1213 - 1246
Published: March 6, 2024
Macroautophagy/autophagy
is
a
complex
degradation
process
with
dual
role
in
cell
death
that
influenced
by
the
types
are
involved
and
stressors
they
exposed
to.
Ferroptosis
an
iron-dependent
oxidative
form
of
characterized
unrestricted
lipid
peroxidation
context
heterogeneous
plastic
mechanisms.
Recent
studies
have
shed
light
on
involvement
specific
autophagy
(e.g.
ferritinophagy,
lipophagy,
clockophagy)
initiating
or
executing
ferroptotic
through
selective
anti-injury
proteins
organelles.
Conversely,
other
forms
reticulophagy
lysophagy)
enhance
cellular
defense
against
damage.
Dysregulated
autophagy-dependent
ferroptosis
has
implications
for
diverse
range
pathological
conditions.
This
review
aims
to
present
updated
definition
ferroptosis,
discuss
influential
substrates
receptors,
outline
experimental
methods,
propose
guidelines
interpreting
results.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1)
Published: June 6, 2024
Abstract
Ferroptosis,
an
iron-dependent
form
of
cell
death
characterized
by
uncontrolled
lipid
peroxidation,
is
governed
molecular
networks
involving
diverse
molecules
and
organelles.
Since
its
recognition
as
a
non-apoptotic
pathway
in
2012,
ferroptosis
has
emerged
crucial
mechanism
numerous
physiological
pathological
contexts,
leading
to
significant
therapeutic
advancements
across
wide
range
diseases.
This
review
summarizes
the
fundamental
mechanisms
regulatory
pathways
underlying
ferroptosis,
including
both
GPX4-dependent
-independent
antioxidant
mechanisms.
Additionally,
we
examine
involvement
various
conditions,
cancer,
neurodegenerative
diseases,
sepsis,
ischemia–reperfusion
injury,
autoimmune
disorders,
metabolic
disorders.
Specifically,
explore
role
response
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
immunotherapy,
nanotherapy,
targeted
therapy.
Furthermore,
discuss
pharmacological
strategies
for
modulating
potential
biomarkers
monitoring
this
process.
Lastly,
elucidate
interplay
between
other
forms
regulated
death.
Such
insights
hold
promise
advancing
our
understanding
context
human
health
disease.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: May 3, 2024
Abstract
Ferroptosis
is
a
type
of
regulated
cell
death
characterized
by
iron
accumulation
and
uncontrolled
lipid
peroxidation,
leading
to
plasma
membrane
rupture
intracellular
content
release.
Originally
investigated
as
targeted
therapy
for
cancer
cells
carrying
oncogenic
RAS
mutations,
ferroptosis
induction
now
exhibits
potential
complement
chemotherapy,
immunotherapy,
radiotherapy
in
various
types.
However,
it
can
lead
side
effects,
including
immune
death,
bone
marrow
impairment,
liver
kidney
damage,
cachexia
(severe
weight
loss
muscle
wasting),
secondary
tumorigenesis.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
the
advantages
offer
an
overview
diverse
range
documented
effects.
Furthermore,
examine
underlying
mechanisms
explore
strategies
effect
mitigation.
Science Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(783)
Published: Jan. 29, 2025
Pancreatic
ductal
adenocarcinoma
(PDAC)
driven
by
the
KRAS-G12D
mutation
presents
a
formidable
health
challenge
because
of
limited
treatment
options.
MRTX1133
is
highly
selective
and
first-in-class
inhibitor
under
clinical
development.
Here,
we
report
that
advanced
glycosylation
end
product-specific
receptor
(AGER)
plays
key
role
in
mediating
resistance
PDAC
cells.
The
up-regulation
AGER
within
cancer
cells
instigates
macropinocytosis,
facilitating
internalization
serum
albumin
subsequent
amino
acid
generation.
These
acids
are
then
used
to
synthesize
antioxidant
glutathione,
leading
due
inhibition
apoptosis.
underlying
molecular
mechanism
involves
AGER's
interaction
with
diaphanous-related
formin
1
(DIAPH1),
protein
responsible
for
driving
Rac
family
small
GTPase
(RAC1)-dependent
macropinosome
formation.
effectiveness
safety
combining
pharmacological
inhibitors
AGER-DIAPH1
complex
(using
RAGE299)
or
macropinocytosis
EIPA)
were
confirmed
patient-derived
xenografts,
orthotopic
models,
genetically
engineered
mouse
models.
This
combination
therapy
also
induces
high-mobility
group
box
(HMGB1)
release,
resulting
antitumor
CD8+
T
cell
response
immunocompetent
mice.
Collectively,
study
findings
underscore
potential
enhance
efficacy
blockade
targeting
AGER-dependent
macropinocytosis.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: Aug. 27, 2024
Abstract
The
development
of
drug
resistance
remains
a
major
challenge
in
cancer
treatment.
Ferroptosis,
unique
type
regulated
cell
death,
plays
pivotal
role
inhibiting
tumour
growth,
presenting
new
opportunities
treating
chemotherapeutic
resistance.
Accumulating
studies
indicate
that
epigenetic
modifications
by
non-coding
RNAs
(ncRNA)
can
determine
vulnerability
to
ferroptosis.
In
this
review,
we
first
summarize
the
growth/development.
Then,
core
molecular
mechanisms
ferroptosis,
its
upstream
regulation,
and
downstream
effects
on
Finally,
review
recent
advances
understanding
how
ncRNAs
regulate
ferroptosis
from
such
modulate
This
aims
enhance
general
ncRNA-mediated
regulatory
which
highlighting
ncRNA-ferroptosis
axis
as
key
druggable
target
overcoming
Cell Proliferation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
57(8)
Published: April 9, 2024
Abstract
Chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
and
immunotherapy
represent
key
tumour
treatment
strategies.
Notably,
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
particularly
anti‐programmed
cell
death
1
(PD1)
ligand
(PD‐L1),
have
shown
clinical
efficacy
in
immunotherapy.
However,
the
limited
effectiveness
of
ICIs
is
evident
due
to
many
cancers
exhibiting
poor
responses
this
treatment.
An
emerging
avenue
involves
triggering
non‐apoptotic
regulated
(RCD),
a
significant
mechanism
driving
cancer
diverse
treatments.
Recent
research
demonstrates
that
combining
RCD
inducers
with
significantly
enhances
their
antitumor
across
various
types.
The
use
anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1
activates
CD8
+
T
cells,
prompting
initiation
novel
forms,
such
as
ferroptosis,
pyroptosis,
necroptosis.
functions
mechanisms
anti‐PD1/PD‐L1
therapy
remain
insufficiently
explored.
This
review
summarises
roles
necroptosis
It
emphasises
synergy
between
nanomaterials
PD‐1/PD‐L1
induce
different
Furthermore,
targeting
signalling
pathways
combination
therapies
holds
promise
prospective
strategy
for