Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Nov. 28, 2024
Cuproptosis
is
a
recently
discovered
form
of
regulated
cell
death
triggered
by
mitochondrial
copper
accumulation
and
proteotoxic
stress.
Here,
we
provide
the
first
evidence
that
glutathione
(GSH),
major
non-protein
thiol
in
cells,
acts
as
cuproptosis
inhibitor
pancreatic
ductal
adenocarcinoma
(PDAC)
cells.
Mechanistically,
GSH
inhibits
chelating
copper,
contrasting
its
role
blocking
ferroptosis
inhibiting
lipid
peroxidation.
The
classical
inducer,
ES-Cu
(elesclomol
plus
copper),
increases
protein
stability
transcription
factor
NFE2L2
(also
known
NRF2),
leading
to
upregulation
gene
expression
glutamate-cysteine
ligase
modifier
subunit
(GCLM)
catalytic
(GCLC).
GCLM
GCLC
are
rate-limiting
enzymes
synthesis,
increased
transported
into
mitochondria
via
solute
carrier
family
25
member
39
(SLC25A39)
transporter.
Consequently,
genetic
inhibition
NFE2L2-GSH-SLC25A39
pathway
enhances
cuproptosis-mediated
tumor
suppression
culture
mouse
models.
These
findings
not
only
reveal
distinct
mechanisms
ferroptosis,
but
also
suggest
potential
combination
strategy
suppress
PDAC
growth.
Cell Proliferation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
57(8)
Published: April 9, 2024
Abstract
Chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
and
immunotherapy
represent
key
tumour
treatment
strategies.
Notably,
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
particularly
anti‐programmed
cell
death
1
(PD1)
ligand
(PD‐L1),
have
shown
clinical
efficacy
in
immunotherapy.
However,
the
limited
effectiveness
of
ICIs
is
evident
due
to
many
cancers
exhibiting
poor
responses
this
treatment.
An
emerging
avenue
involves
triggering
non‐apoptotic
regulated
(RCD),
a
significant
mechanism
driving
cancer
diverse
treatments.
Recent
research
demonstrates
that
combining
RCD
inducers
with
significantly
enhances
their
antitumor
across
various
types.
The
use
anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1
activates
CD8
+
T
cells,
prompting
initiation
novel
forms,
such
as
ferroptosis,
pyroptosis,
necroptosis.
functions
mechanisms
anti‐PD1/PD‐L1
therapy
remain
insufficiently
explored.
This
review
summarises
roles
necroptosis
It
emphasises
synergy
between
nanomaterials
PD‐1/PD‐L1
induce
different
Furthermore,
targeting
signalling
pathways
combination
therapies
holds
promise
prospective
strategy
for
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(14), P. 7544 - 7544
Published: July 9, 2024
Ferroptosis
is
a
type
of
nonapoptotic
cell
death
that
characteristically
caused
by
phospholipid
peroxidation
promoted
radical
reactions
involving
iron.
Researchers
have
identified
many
the
protein
factors
are
encoded
genes
promote
ferroptosis.
Glutathione
peroxidase
4
(GPX4)
key
enzyme
protects
phospholipids
from
and
suppresses
ferroptosis
in
glutathione-dependent
manner.
Thus,
dysregulation
involved
cysteine
and/or
glutathione
metabolism
closely
associated
with
From
perspective
dynamics,
actively
proliferating
cells
more
prone
to
than
quiescent
cells,
which
suggests
species
generated
during
oxygen-involved
responsible
for
lipid
peroxidation.
Herein,
we
discuss
initial
events
dominantly
occur
process
energy
metabolism,
association
deficiency.
Accordingly,
tricarboxylic
acid
cycle
coupled
respiratory
chain
mitochondria
main
subjects
here,
this
likely
source
both
electrons
free
Since
not
only
carbohydrates,
but
also
amino
acids,
especially
glutamate,
major
substrates
central
dealing
nitrogen
derived
groups
contributes
subject
discussion.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 19, 2025
Abstract
Ferroptosis
is
a
newly
identified
type
of
regulated
cell
death
characterized
by
iron‐dependent
lipid
peroxidation.
Among
the
main
ferroptosis‐suppressing
systems,
dihydroorotate
dehydrogenase
(DHODH)‐
ubiquinone
axis
closely
related
to
mitochondria
and
energy
metabolism,
implying
that
protects
cells
from
oxidative
stress
damage
via
maintenance
redox
homeostasis.
However,
ferroptosis
initiation
requires
suitable
environment
breakthrough
in
homeostatic
limitations
systems.
Hence,
nanoparticles
are
rationally
engineered
achieve
efficient
induction
releasing
dual‐release
free
iron
disrupting
Atovaquone
(ATO)‐loaded
hollow
mesoporous
etching
zeolitic
imidazolate
framework‐67
double‐coated
oxide/calcium
phosphate
(Fe
3
O
4
/CaP)
conjugated
with
polyethylene
glycol.
The
external
Fe
/CaP
structure
enhances
efficiency
multiple
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generation
promoting
stress.
Still,
it
achieves
increase
content
unstable
pools
for
igniting
ROS
storm
peroxidation
spark.
release
ATO
not
only
affects
metabolism
mitochondrial
respiratory
chain
binding
complex
III
but
also
downregulates
DHODH
restrict
ubiquinol
system
disrupt
Therefore,
design
this
composite
nanomedicine
provides
an
approach
inducing
theoretical
basis
clinical
anti‐tumor
trials.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: March 15, 2025
Elevated
copper
levels
induce
tumor
cuproptosis
and
ferroptosis,
leading
to
immunogenic
cell
death
subsequent
antitumor
immune
responses.
However,
dysregulated
metabolism
in
cells
maintains
homeostatic
balance,
while
hypoxic
microenvironments
hinder
therapeutic
efficacy.
In
this
study,
we
present
a
nanozyme
system,
termed
CussOMEp,
comprising
copper-based
nanovector
(CussNV)
that
is
PEGylated
loaded
with
omeprazole,
transporter
inhibitor,
enhance
synergistic
immunotherapy
by
promoting
ferroptosis.
CussNV
assembled
from
dithiodiglycolic
acid
ions,
exhibiting
peroxidase,
glutathione
oxidase,
catalase-like
activities,
along
responsive
degradability.
This
alleviates
hypoxia
producing
oxygen,
induces
ferroptosis
through
the
generation
of
lethal
hydroxyl
radicals,
depletes
glutathione.
Additionally,
omeprazole
increases
cellular
concentration
oxidative
stress
inhibiting
intracellular
copper-transporting
ATPase
1
(ATP7A),
enhancing
lipoylated
protein
oligomerization
cuproptosis.
breast
mouse
model,
CussOMEp
elicits
robust
responses,
including
dendritic
maturation
T
proliferation.
When
combined
PD-1
antibodies
(αPD-1),
significantly
inhibits
metastasis
bilateral
lung
metastatic
models.
work
presents
functional
system
as
promising
strategy
for
leveraging
Molecular Carcinogenesis,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
63(8), P. 1515 - 1527
Published: May 15, 2024
Abstract
Paclitaxel
serves
as
the
cornerstone
chemotherapy
for
ovarian
cancer,
yet
its
prolonged
administration
frequently
culminates
in
drug
resistance,
presenting
a
substantial
challenge.
Here
we
reported
that
inducing
alkaliptosis,
rather
than
apoptosis
or
ferroptosis,
effectively
overcomes
paclitaxel
resistance.
Mechanistically,
ATPase
H
+
transporting
V0
subunit
D1
(ATP6V0D1),
key
regulator
of
plays
pivotal
role
by
mediating
downregulation
ATP‐binding
cassette
subfamily
B
member
1
(ABCB1),
multidrug
resistance
protein.
Both
ATP6V0D1
overexpression
through
gene
transfection
and
pharmacological
enhancement
protein
stability
using
JTC801
inhibit
ABCB1
upregulation,
resulting
growth
inhibition
drug‐resistant
cells.
Additionally,
increasing
intracellular
pH
to
alkaline
(pH
8.5)
via
sodium
hydroxide
application
suppresses
expression,
whereas
reducing
acidic
conditions
6.5)
with
hydrochloric
acid
amplifies
expression
Collectively,
these
results
indicate
potentially
effective
therapeutic
strategy
targeting
paclitaxel‐resistant
cancer
ATP6V0D1‐dependent
alkaliptosis.
Cancer Drug Resistance,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 25, 2024
NFE2-like
basic
leucine
zipper
transcription
factor
2
(NFE2L2,
also
known
as
NRF2),
is
a
key
in
the
cellular
defense
against
oxidative
stress,
playing
crucial
role
cancer
cell
survival
and
resistance
to
therapies.
This
review
outlines
current
knowledge
on
link
between
NFE2L2
ferroptosis
-
form
of
regulated
death
characterized
by
iron-dependent
lipid
peroxidation
within
cells.
While
activation
can
protect
normal
cells
from
damage,
its
overexpression
contributes
drug
upregulating
antioxidant
defenses
inhibiting
ferroptosis.
We
delve
into
molecular
pathways
ferroptosis,
highlighting
involvement
target
genes,
such