TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 119 - 188

Published: Dec. 31, 2019

Abstract Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, influence ecosystem properties their benefits detriments people. trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area research spanning from evolutionary biology, community functional ecology, biodiversity conservation, landscape management, restoration, biogeography earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, TRY database plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented coverage under an open access policy is main used by worldwide. Increasingly, also supports new frontiers trait‐based research, including identification gaps subsequent mobilization or measurement data. To support this development, article we evaluate extent compiled analyse emerging patterns representativeness. Best species achieved categorical traits—almost complete ‘plant growth form’. However, most relevant ecology vegetation modelling are characterized continuous intraspecific variation trait–environmental relationships. These have be measured on individual respective environment. Despite coverage, observe humbling lack completeness representativeness these many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing biases remains key challenge requires coordinated approach measurements. This can only collaboration with initiatives.

Language: Английский

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Asynchronous carbon sink saturation in African and Amazonian tropical forests

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 579(7797), P. 80 - 87

Published: March 4, 2020

Language: Английский

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Hanging by a thread? Forests and drought

Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 368(6488), P. 261 - 266

Published: April 16, 2020

Trees are the living foundations on which most terrestrial biodiversity is built. Central to success of trees their woody bodies, connect elevated photosynthetic canopies with essential belowground activities water and nutrient acquisition. The slow construction these carbon-dense, skeletons leads a generation time, leaving forests highly susceptible rapid changes in climate. Other long-lived, sessile organisms such as corals appear be poorly equipped survive changes, raises questions about vulnerability contemporary future climate change. emerging view that, similar corals, tree species have rather inflexible damage thresholds, particularly terms stress, especially concerning. This Review examines recent progress our understanding how looks for growing hotter drier atmosphere.

Language: Английский

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Climate Change Risks to Global Forest Health: Emergence of Unexpected Events of Elevated Tree Mortality Worldwide

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 73(1), P. 673 - 702

Published: March 1, 2022

Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and drought, raise concerns about change risks to global forest health. We currently lack both sufficient data understanding identify whether these represent a trend toward increasing mortality. Here, we document events sudden unexpected drought in ecosystems that previously were considered tolerant or not at risk exposure. These underscore the fact may affect forests with force future. use as examples highlight current difficulties challenges for realistically predicting such uncertainties future condition. Advances remote sensing technology greater availably high-resolution data, from field assessments satellites, are needed improve prediction responses change. Expected final online publication date Annual Review Plant Biology, Volume 73 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates revised estimates.

Language: Английский

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A catastrophic tropical drought kills hydraulically vulnerable tree species

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 3122 - 3133

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

Abstract Drought‐related tree mortality is now a widespread phenomenon predicted to increase in magnitude with climate change. However, the patterns of which species and trees are most vulnerable drought, underlying mechanisms have remained elusive, part due lack relevant data difficulty predicting location catastrophic drought years advance. We used long‐term demographic records extensive databases functional traits distribution understand responses 20–53 an extreme seasonally dry tropical forest Costa Rica, occurred during 2015 El Niño Southern Oscillation event. Overall, species‐specific rates ranged from 0% 34%, varied little as function size. By contrast, hydraulic safety margins correlated well probability among species, while morphological or leaf economics spectrum did not. This firmly suggests targets for future research.

Language: Английский

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Integrated global assessment of the natural forest carbon potential

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 624(7990), P. 92 - 101

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

Abstract Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system 1 . Remote-sensing estimates to quantify losses from global forests 2–5 characterized by considerable uncertainty we lack comprehensive ground-sourced evaluation benchmark these estimates. Here combine several 6 satellite-derived approaches 2,7,8 evaluate forest potential outside agricultural urban lands. Despite regional variation, predictions demonstrated remarkable consistency at scale, with only 12% difference between At present, storage is markedly under natural potential, total deficit 226 Gt (model range = 151–363 Gt) areas low human footprint. Most (61%, 139 C) existing forests, which ecosystem protection can allow recover maturity. The remaining 39% (87 lies regions been removed or fragmented. Although cannot be substitute for emissions reductions, our results support idea 2,3,9 that conservation, restoration sustainable management diverse offer valuable contributions meeting biodiversity targets.

Language: Английский

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Tropical tree mortality has increased with rising atmospheric water stress

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 608(7923), P. 528 - 533

Published: May 18, 2022

Language: Английский

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Climate change: Strategies for mitigation and adaptation

The Innovation Geoscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 100015 - 100015

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

<p>The sustainability of life on Earth is under increasing threat due to human-induced climate change. This perilous change in the Earth's caused by increases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases atmosphere, primarily emissions associated with burning fossil fuels. Over next two three decades, effects change, such as heatwaves, wildfires, droughts, storms, floods, are expected worsen, posing greater risks human health global stability. These trends call for implementation mitigation adaptation strategies. Pollution environmental degradation exacerbate existing problems make people nature more susceptible In this review, we examine current state from different perspectives. We summarize evidence Earth’s spheres, discuss emission pathways drivers analyze impact health. also explore strategies highlight key challenges reversing adapting change.</p>

Language: Английский

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Sensitivity of South American tropical forests to an extreme climate anomaly

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 967 - 974

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract The tropical forest carbon sink is known to be drought sensitive, but it unclear which forests are the most vulnerable extreme events. Forests with hotter and drier baseline conditions may protected by prior adaptation, or more because they operate closer physiological limits. Here we report that in South American climates experienced greatest impacts of 2015–2016 El Niño, indicating greater vulnerability temperatures drought. long-term, ground-measured tree-by-tree responses 123 plots across America show biomass ceased during event balance becoming indistinguishable from zero (−0.02 ± 0.37 Mg C ha −1 per year). However, intact overall were no sensitive Niño than previous less intense events, remaining a key defence against climate change as long protected.

Language: Английский

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Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Nov. 9, 2020

The carbon sink capacity of tropical forests is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 representing > 3800 species from 189 long-term RAINFOR forest plots. While mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average are as likely to die standing they broken or uprooted-modes with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate single most important predictor in Amazonia, faster-growing being at higher risk. Within species, however, slowest-growing greatest risk while effect size varies across basin. In driest Amazonian region species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict death, suggesting that these experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only holistic picture but large-scale evidence for overarching importance growth-survival trade-off driving

Language: Английский

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