AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 581 - 597

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Functional traits offer a rich quantitative framework for developing and testing theories in evolutionary biology, ecology ecosystem science. However, the potential of functional to drive theoretical advances refine models global change can only be fully realised when species-level information is complete. Here we present AVONET dataset containing comprehensive trait data all birds, including six ecological variables, 11 continuous morphological traits, on range size location. Raw measurements are presented from 90,020 individuals 11,009 extant bird species sampled 181 countries. These also summarised as averages three taxonomic formats, allowing integration with phylogeny, geographical maps, IUCN Red List eBird citizen science database. The provides most detailed picture variation any major radiation organisms, offering template hypotheses exploring origins, structure functioning biodiversity.

Language: Английский

---

The fungal collaboration gradient dominates the root economics space in plants

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(27)

Published: July 1, 2020

Collaboration broadens the “root economics space” ranging from “do-it-yourself” to “outsourcing” mycorrhizal partners.

Language: Английский

---

Perspectives on the Future of Land Surface Models and the Challenges of Representing Complex Terrestrial Systems

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: March 11, 2020

Abstract Land surface models (LSMs) are a vital tool for understanding, projecting, and predicting the dynamics of land its role within Earth system, under global change. Driven by need to address set key questions, LSMs have grown in complexity from simplified representations biophysics encompass broad interrelated processes spanning disciplines biophysics, biogeochemistry, hydrology, ecosystem ecology, community human management, societal impacts. This vast scope complexity, while warranted problems designed solve, has led enormous challenges understanding attributing differences between LSM predictions. Meanwhile, wide range spatial scales that govern heterogeneity, spectrum timescales dynamics, create tractably representing LSMs. We identify three “grand challenges” development use LSMs, based around these issues: managing process parametric across asked changing world. In this review, we discuss progress been made, as well promising directions forward, each challenges.

Language: Английский

---

Root traits as drivers of plant and ecosystem functioning: current understanding, pitfalls and future research needs

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 232(3), P. 1123 - 1158

Published: Nov. 7, 2020

Summary The effects of plants on the biosphere, atmosphere and geosphere are key determinants terrestrial ecosystem functioning. However, despite substantial progress made regarding plant belowground components, we still only beginning to explore complex relationships between root traits functions. Drawing literature in physiology, ecophysiology, ecology, agronomy soil science, reviewed 24 aspects functioning their with a number system traits, including architecture, morphology, anatomy, chemistry, biomechanics biotic interactions. Based this assessment, critically evaluated current strengths gaps our knowledge, identify future research challenges field ecology. Most importantly, found that broadest importance not those most commonly measured. Also, estimation trait relative for requires us consider more comprehensive range functionally relevant from diverse species, across environments over time series. We also advocate establishing causal hierarchical links among will provide hypothesis‐based framework parsimonious sets strongest functions, link genotypes

Language: Английский

---

Multidimensional tropical forest recovery

Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 374(6573), P. 1370 - 1376

Published: Dec. 9, 2021

Tropical forests disappear rapidly because of deforestation, yet they have the potential to regrow naturally on abandoned lands. We analyze how 12 forest attributes recover during secondary succession and their recovery is interrelated using 77 sites across tropics. are highly resilient low-intensity land use; after 20 years, attain 78% (33 100%) old-growth values. Recovery 90% values fastest for soil (<1 decade) plant functioning (<2.5 decades), intermediate structure species diversity (2.5 6 slowest biomass composition (>12 decades). Network analysis shows three independent clusters attribute recovery, related structure, diversity, composition. Secondary should be embraced as a low-cost, natural solution ecosystem restoration, climate change mitigation, biodiversity conservation.

Language: Английский

---

An integrated framework of plant form and function: the belowground perspective

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 232(1), P. 42 - 59

Published: July 2, 2021

Summary Plant trait variation drives plant function, community composition and ecosystem processes. However, our current understanding of disproportionately relies on aboveground observations. Here we integrate root traits into the global framework form function. We developed tested an overarching conceptual that integrates two recently identified gradients with a well‐established framework. confronted novel published relationships between above‐ belowground analogues multivariate analyses 2510 species. Our represent leaf conservation (specific area, nitrogen concentration, tissue density), collaboration gradient (root diameter specific length) size (plant height rooting depth). found integrated, whole‐plant space required as much four axes. The main axes represented fast–slow ‘conservation’ which fine‐root were well aligned, ‘collaboration’ in roots. additional separate, orthogonal for depth. This perspective multidimensional nature better encompasses function influence surrounding environment.

Language: Английский

---

Drug allergy: A 2022 practice parameter update

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 150(6), P. 1333 - 1393

Published: Sept. 17, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Data integration enables global biodiversity synthesis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(6)

Published: Feb. 1, 2021

Significance As anthropogenic impacts to Earth systems accelerate, biodiversity knowledge integration is urgently required support responses underpin a sustainable future. Consolidating information from disparate sources (e.g., community science programs, museums) and data types environmental, biological) can connect the biological sciences across taxonomic, disciplinary, geographical, socioeconomic boundaries. In an analysis of research uses world’s largest cross-taxon network, we report emerging roles open-access aggregation in development increasingly diverse, global research. These results indicate new landscape centered on big integration, informing ongoing initiatives strategic prioritization diverse domains, including environmental policy, evolutionary biology, conservation, human health.

Language: Английский

---

Biogeography of global drylands

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 231(2), P. 540 - 558

Published: April 17, 2021

Despite their extent and socio-ecological importance, a comprehensive biogeographical synthesis of drylands is lacking. Here we synthesize the biogeography key organisms (vascular nonvascular vegetation soil microorganisms), attributes (functional traits, spatial patterns, plant-plant plant-soil interactions) processes (productivity land cover) across global drylands. These areas have long evolutionary history, are centers diversification for many plant lineages include important diversity hotspots. This captures strikingly high portion variation in leaf functional observed globally. Part this associated with large response effect traits shrubs encroaching dryland grasslands. Aridity its interplay interacting species largely shape patterns interactions, patterns. also drives composition biocrust communities productivity, which shows geographical variation. We finish our review by discussing major research gaps, include: studying regular patterns; establishing large-scale field surveys assessing individual-level trait measurements; knowing whether impacts interactions on biodiversity predictable; how elevated CO2 modulates future aridity conditions productivity.

Language: Английский

---

Fine-root traits in the global spectrum of plant form and function

Nature, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 597(7878), P. 683 - 687

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

Language: Английский

---