Global field observations of tree die-off reveal hotter-drought fingerprint for Earth’s forests

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 5, 2022

Abstract Earth’s forests face grave challenges in the Anthropocene, including hotter droughts increasingly associated with widespread forest die-off events. But despite vital importance of to global ecosystem services, their fates a warming world remain highly uncertain. Lacking is quantitative determination commonality climate anomalies pulses tree mortality—from published, field-documented mortality events—required for understanding role extreme events overall patterns. Here we established geo-referenced database documenting climate-induced spanning all tree-supporting biomes and continents, from 154 peer-reviewed studies since 1970. Our analysis quantifies “hotter-drought fingerprint” these tree-mortality sites—effectively drier signal mortality—across 675 locations encompassing 1,303 plots. Frequency observed mortality-year conditions strongly increases nonlinearly under projected warming. also provides initial footing further community-developed, quantitative, ground-based monitoring mortality.

Language: Английский

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A low-to-no snow future and its impacts on water resources in the western United States

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(11), P. 800 - 819

Published: Oct. 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic Drought: Definition, Challenges, and Opportunities

Reviews of Geophysics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 59(2)

Published: Jan. 28, 2021

Abstract Traditional, mainstream definitions of drought describe it as deficit in water‐related variables or water‐dependent activities (e.g., precipitation, soil moisture, surface and groundwater storage, irrigation) due to natural variabilities that are out the control local decision‐makers. Here, we argue within coupled human‐water systems, must be defined understood a process opposed product help better frame complex interrelated dynamics both human‐induced changes define anthropogenic compound multidimensional multiscale phenomenon, governed by combination water variability, climate change, human decisions activities, altered micro‐climate conditions land management. This definition considers full spectrum dynamic feedbacks processes land‐atmosphere interactions energy balance) human‐nature systems drive development . magnifies supply demand gap can lead bankruptcy, which will become more rampant around globe coming decades continuously growing demands under compounding effects change global environmental degradation. challenge has de facto implications for short‐term long‐term resources planning management, governance, policymaking. Herein, after brief overview concept its examples, discuss existing research gaps opportunities understanding, modeling, management this phenomenon.

Language: Английский

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Climate change decisive for Asia’s snow meltwater supply

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 591 - 597

Published: June 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Climate change threatens terrestrial water storage over the Tibetan Plateau

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 801 - 807

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Winter melt trends portend widespread declines in snow water resources

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 418 - 424

Published: April 5, 2021

Language: Английский

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Compound heat and moisture extreme impacts on global crop yields under climate change

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(12), P. 872 - 889

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Global snow drought hot spots and characteristics

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(33), P. 19753 - 19759

Published: Aug. 3, 2020

Significance Given the importance of snow to global food, water, and energy security, characterizing deficits (snow droughts) in a changing climate has emerged as critical knowledge gap. We identify drought hot spots determine how duration intensity vary globally. show that eastern Russia, Europe, western United States experienced longer, more intense droughts second half period 1980 2018. During this period, became less over Hindu Kush, Himalayas, extratropical Andes, Patagonia regions. Natural human-driven factors (e.g., atmospheric circulation patterns, polar vortex movement, Arctic warming) likely contribute droughts. urge community further investigate complex physical drivers drought.

Language: Английский

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Variable 21st Century Climate Change Response for Rivers in High Mountain Asia at Seasonal to Decadal Time Scales

Water Resources Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(5)

Published: May 1, 2021

Abstract The hydrological response to climate change in mountainous basins manifests itself at varying spatial and temporal scales, ranging from catchment large river basin scale sub‐daily decade century scale. To robustly assess the 21st impact for hydrology entire High Mountain Asia (HMA) a wide range of we use high resolution cryospheric‐hydrological model covering 15 upstream HMA quantify compound effects future changes precipitation temperature based on projections Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 ensemble. Our analysis reveals contrasting responses HMA's rivers, dictated by their regimes. At seasonal scale, earlier onset melting causes shift magnitude peak water availability, year. after an initial increase, glacier melt declines mid or end except Tarim basin, where it continues increase. Despite variability regimes across our results indicate relatively consistent terms total availability decadal time scales. Although increases headwaters, seasonality may diverge widely between need be addressed while adapting region food security, energy security as well biodiversity, livelihoods many depend HMA.

Language: Английский

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A climate risk analysis of Earth’s forests in the 21st century

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6610), P. 1099 - 1103

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Earth's forests harbor extensive biodiversity and are currently a major carbon sink. Forest conservation restoration can help mitigate climate change; however, change could fundamentally imperil in many regions undermine their ability to provide such mitigation. The extent of risks facing has not been synthesized globally nor have different approaches quantifying forest systematically compared. We combine outputs from multiple mechanistic empirical modeling carbon, biodiversity, disturbance conduct synthetic risk analysis for the 21st century. Despite large uncertainty most we find that some consistently at higher risk, including southern boreal those western North America parts Amazon.

Language: Английский

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