The blood–brain barrier and blood–tumour barrier in brain tumours and metastases

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 26 - 41

Published: Oct. 10, 2019

Language: Английский

---

The updated landscape of tumor microenvironment and drug repurposing

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2020

Abstract Accumulating evidence shows that cellular and acellular components in tumor microenvironment (TME) can reprogram initiation, growth, invasion, metastasis, response to therapies. Cancer research treatment have switched from a cancer-centric model TME-centric one, considering the increasing significance of TME cancer biology. Nonetheless, clinical efficacy therapeutic strategies targeting TME, especially specific cells or pathways remains unsatisfactory. Classifying chemopathological characteristics crosstalk among one another greatly benefit further studies exploring effective treating methods. Herein, we present an updated image with emphasis on hypoxic niche, immune microenvironment, metabolism acidic innervated mechanical microenvironment. We then summarize conventional drugs including aspirin, celecoxib, β-adrenergic antagonist, metformin, statin new antitumor application. These are considered as viable candidates for combination therapy due their activity extensive use practice. also provide our outlook directions potential applications theory. This review depicts comprehensive vivid landscape biology treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Current approaches to the management of brain metastases

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 279 - 299

Published: Feb. 20, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Bone metastases

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Oct. 15, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Liver metastases

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: April 15, 2021

Language: Английский

---

Brain malignancies: Glioblastoma and brain metastases

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 60, P. 262 - 273

Published: Oct. 22, 2019

Brain, the major organ of central nervous system controls and processes most body activities. Therefore, aggressive brain tumor - glioblastoma metastases from other organs to are lethal leaving patients with very short time survival. The tissue landscape is different any tissues specific microenvironment, comprising stem cells niches blood-brain barrier, significantly influences low rate metastasis out brain, but better accommodates brain-invading cancer. In contrast frequency (0.5%) all metastases, 10%-45% primary cancers do metastasize brain. This review addresses general cellular molecular pathways that some extent similar in both types involving circulating (CTCs) cancer (CSCs) characteristics, metastatic niches. invasion a dynamic process reversible epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT) cell process, creating transient gradient state inter-connected epigenetic plasticity metastasizing (m)CSCs. These can switch between stationary, proliferating/dormant migratory, mesenchymal-like state. Settling their respective as dormant CSCs secondary common feature metastases. metastasis, malignant mGSC express markers mesenchymal GSC subtype (MES-GSC), such CD44 YK-40 obstacle seems be propagating various organs' microenvironments, home GSCs glioblastoma. Focusing on one stromal component niches, (MSCs), we report herein differential effects cells, highly depending genetic subtype. On hand, hindrance progression mCSCs seem crossing blood-brain-barrier. Novel therapeutic approaches for advancing slowly, trends involve targeting sub-clones selective determinants update four lung, breast, melanoma colorectal carcinoma presented.

Language: Английский

---

Meningeal Immunity and Its Function in Maintenance of the Central Nervous System in Health and Disease

Annual Review of Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 597 - 620

Published: April 26, 2020

Neuroimmunology, albeit a relatively established discipline, has recently sparked numerous exciting findings on microglia, the resident macrophages of central nervous system (CNS). This review addresses meningeal immunity, less-studied aspect neuroimmune interactions. The meninges, triple layer membranes—the pia mater, arachnoid and dura mater—surround CNS, encompassing cerebrospinal fluid produced by choroid plexus epithelium. Unlike adjacent brain parenchyma, meninges contain wide repertoire immune cells. These constitute which is primarily concerned with surveillance and—according to recent evidence—also participates in postinjury CNS recovery, chronic neurodegenerative conditions, even higher function. Meningeal immunity come under spotlight owing characterization lymphatic vessels draining CNS. Here, we current state our understanding its effects healthy diseased brains.

Language: Английский

---

Tumor microenvironment differences between primary tumor and brain metastases

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2020

Abstract The present review aimed to discuss contemporary scientific literature involving differences between the tumor microenvironment (TME) in melanoma, lung cancer, and breast cancer their primary site TME brain metastases (BM). plays a fundamental role behavior of cancer. In process carcinogenesis, cells such as fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, natural killer other can perpetuate progress carcinogenesis via secretion molecules. Oxygen concentration, growth factors, receptors initiate angiogenesis are examples importance microenvironmental conditions performance neoplastic cells. most frequent malignant tumors metastatic origin primarily originate from melanoma. Metastatic have adhere penetrate blood–brain barrier (BBB). After traversing BBB, these survive by producing various cytokines, chemokines, mediators modify new TME. is currently being studied owing discovery therapeutic targets. three types tumors, treatment more effective than BM due several including BBB. Understanding characteristics surrounding respective metastasis might help improve strategies comprehend

Language: Английский

---

Metastasis-Initiating Cells and Ecosystems

Cancer Discovery, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 971 - 994

Published: April 1, 2021

Abstract Metastasis is initiated and sustained through therapy by cancer cells with stem-like immune-evasive properties, termed metastasis-initiating (MIC). Recent progress suggests that MICs result from the adoption of a normal regenerative progenitor phenotype malignant cells, intrinsic programs to survive stresses metastatic process, undergo epithelial–mesenchymal transitions, enter slow-cycling states for dormancy, evade immune surveillance, establish supportive interactions organ-specific niches, co-opt systemic factors growth recurrence after therapy. Mechanistic understanding molecular mediators MIC phenotypes host tissue ecosystems could yield therapeutics improve patient outcomes. Significance: Understanding origins, traits, vulnerabilities capacity initiate metastasis in distant organs, microenvironments support ability these surveillance regenerate tumor, critical developing strategies prevention treatment advanced cancer. Leveraging recent our here we review nature their offer perspective on how this knowledge informing innovative treatments cancers.

Language: Английский

---

Fatty acid synthesis is required for breast cancer brain metastasis

Nature Cancer, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 414 - 428

Published: April 1, 2021

Language: Английский

---