Gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key actors in inflammatory bowel disease

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 223 - 237

Published: Feb. 19, 2020

Language: Английский

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Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 383(27), P. 2652 - 2664

Published: Dec. 30, 2020

Research on IBDs has identified disrupted immune responses in the gastrointestinal mucosa and putative disruptions gut microbiome as causative agents. This work led to better therapeutic control of with use various antiinflammatory

Language: Английский

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The Gut-Lung Axis in Health and Respiratory Diseases: A Place for Inter-Organ and Inter-Kingdom Crosstalks

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 19, 2020

Gut and lungs are anatomically distinct, but potential anatomic communications complex pathways involving their respective microbiota have reinforced the existence of a gut-lung axis (GLA). Compared to better-studied gut microbiota, lung only considered in recent years, represents more discreet part whole associated human host. While vast majority studies focused on bacterial component healthy pathological conditions, works highlighted contribution fungal viral kingdoms both digestive respiratory levels. Moreover, growing evidences indicate key role inter-kingdom crosstalks maintaining host homeostasis diseases evolution. In fact, recently emerged GLA concept involves host-microbe as well microbe-microbe interactions, based localized long-reaching effects. can shape immune responses interfere with course diseases. this review, we aim analyse how influence each other may impact Due limited knowledge virobiota, bacteriobiota mycobiota, specific attention microbial which able local or long-reached within GLA.

Language: Английский

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Postbiotics and Their Potential Applications in Early Life Nutrition and Beyond

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(19), P. 4673 - 4673

Published: Sept. 20, 2019

Postbiotics are functional bioactive compounds, generated in a matrix during fermentation, which may be used to promote health. The term postbiotics can regarded as an umbrella for all synonyms and related terms of these microbial fermentation components. Therefore, include many different constituents including metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), cell fractions, proteins, extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), lysates, teichoic acid, peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides pili-type structures. is also rather new the ‘-biotics’ field. Where consensus exists definitions pre- probiotics, this not yet case postbiotics. Here we propose working definition review currently known postbiotic their proposed mechanisms, clinical evidence potential applications. Research date indicates that have direct immunomodulatory clinically relevant effects found use healthy individuals improve overall health relief symptoms range diseases such infant colic adults atopic dermatitis causes diarrhea.

Language: Английский

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Microbial short-chain fatty acids modulate CD8+ T cell responses and improve adoptive immunotherapy for cancer

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: July 1, 2021

Abstract Emerging data demonstrate that the activity of immune cells can be modulated by microbial molecules. Here, we show short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) pentanoate and butyrate enhance anti-tumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) through metabolic epigenetic reprograming. We in vitro treatment CTLs CAR with increases function mTOR as a central cellular sensor, inhibits class I histone deacetylase activity. This reprogramming results elevated production effector molecules such CD25, IFN-γ TNF-α, significantly enhances antigen-specific ROR1-targeting syngeneic murine melanoma pancreatic cancer models. Our shed light onto may used for enhancing immunity. Collectively, identify two SCFAs therapeutic utility context immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

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Host–microbiota interactions in immune-mediated diseases

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. 521 - 538

Published: May 26, 2020

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota influence immunotherapy responses: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 29, 2022

The gut microbiota have long been recognized to play a key role in human health and disease. Currently, several lines of evidence from preclinical clinical research gradually established that the can modulate antitumor immunity affect efficacy cancer immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Deciphering underlying mechanisms reveals reprogram tumor microenvironment (TME) by engaging innate and/or adaptive cells. Notably, one primary modes which is means metabolites, are small molecules could spread their initial location impact local systemic response promote ICI efficiency. Mechanistic exploration provides novel insights for developing rational microbiota-based therapeutic strategies manipulating microbiota, such as fecal transplantation (FMT), probiotics, engineered microbiomes, specific microbial augment advance age utilization precision medicine.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbial Metabolites of Aromatic Amino Acids as Signals in Host–Microbe Interplay

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(11), P. 818 - 834

Published: April 10, 2020

Language: Английский

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Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, disease. advent new sequencing technologies culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations shed light on microbiome–host interactions. Evidence unveiled bidirectional communication between central nervous system, referred as “microbiota–gut–brain axis”. microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator glial functions, making it actionable target ameliorate development progression neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms As provides essential cues microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, examine communications microbiota these cells during healthy states Subsequently, diseases using metabolite-centric approach, while also examining role microbiota-related neurotransmitters hormones. Next, targeting intestinal barrier, blood–brain meninges, peripheral immune system counteract dysfunction neurodegeneration. Finally, conclude by assessing pre-clinical clinical evidence probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation A thorough comprehension will foster effective therapeutic interventions for management

Language: Английский

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The Gut Microbiota at the Service of Immunometabolism

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(4), P. 514 - 523

Published: Sept. 17, 2020

Language: Английский

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