The role of neuroimaging in Alzheimer’s disease: implications for the diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and treatment DOI Creative Commons

Julius Mulumba,

Rui Duan, Bo Luo

et al.

Exploration of neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It presents significant challenge in terms accurate diagnosis, progression monitoring, and the development effective treatments. This article addresses role neuroimaging as an advancing tool for monitoring progression, treatment AD. A comprehensive review existing literature on use AD was conducted using various databases. The different imaging techniques, such magnetic resonance (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron (PET), were examined their ability to detect amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), hallmark pathological features Neuroimaging enables visualization Alzheimer-related biomarkers, Aβ plaques, tau protein tangles, neuro-inflammation, synaptic dysfunction, providing valuable insights into pathophysiology progression. These techniques assist early detection AD, distinguishing it from other conditions evaluating effectiveness has potential significantly transform way managed clinically. By molecular changes occur brain during course disease, can facilitate monitor inform decisions. Furthermore, holds great accelerating drug by allowing researchers assess efficacy novel therapies real time. Overall, integration clinical management revolutionize we approach treatment, research

Language: Английский

Identification and development of cGAS inhibitors and their uses to treat Alzheimer's disease DOI Creative Commons
Jazmín Alarcón‐Espósito, Nagiri Ravi Kumar, Li Gan

et al.

Neurotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e00536 - e00536

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
What is Alzheimer's disease? An analysis of nosological perspectives from the 20th and 21st centuries DOI Creative Commons
Nicolas Villain,

Robin Michalon

European Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(11)

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract Background Recent US proposals suggest defining Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on β‐amyloidosis alone. This sparked debates that echoed historical ones about the significance of brain lesions and clinical phenotype. Methods review covers AD nosology through three key periods: AD's discovery in German‐speaking countries early 20th century, its redefinition Anglo‐Saxon 1960s–1980s, current biological or clinicobiological definitions AD. Key players' opinions are focused on. Results At beginning was defined as a clinicopathological entity. Debates arose around pathological anchor, which included extended neurofibrillary tangles versus neuritic plaques (Alzheimer vs. Fischer) association with senile dementia (Kraepelin). In debate shifted towards whether could be diagnosed using qualitative quantitative neuropathological features it unique process (Terry Katzman) had subtypes (Roth). The definition proposed by Association is purely β‐amyloid abnormalities represents double break: from emphasis tau combined high levels pathology. Conversely, proposal International Working Group remains aligned concepts Conclusions perspective illustrates unresolved questions surrounding pathogenesis, role lesions, phenotype, especially for sporadic cases. intense nosological throughout history also illustrate diversity theoretical frameworks medicine.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Sleep characteristics and risk of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies DOI

Shichan Wang,

Xiaoting Zheng, Jingxuan Huang

et al.

Journal of Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 271(7), P. 3782 - 3793

Published: April 24, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Depolymerized peanut skin-derived proanthocyanidins alleviate cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting Aβ42 aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease DOI
He Liu, Ziyan Zhang, Xiaoqing Li

et al.

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115747 - 115747

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Endogenous retroviruses in neurodevelopmental, psychotic and cognitive disorders DOI Creative Commons
Urs Meyer, Iris‐Katharina Penner

Microbes and Infection, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105479 - 105479

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are inherited retroviral genomic elements that integrated into the mammalian genome through germline infections and insertions during evolution. Human ERVs (HERVs) comprise approximately 8% of human increasingly recognized to be involved in etiology pathophysiology numerous brain disorders. In this narrative review, we summarize existing evidence linking abnormal HERV expression neurodevelopmental psychosis-related disorders discuss how these may contribute heterogeneity clinical outcomes. We also review findings suggesting aberrant late-onset cognitive with neurodegenerative components, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) other forms dementia. conclude implicating neurodevelopmental, psychotic, is manifold stems from diverse research fields, including post-mortem studies, serological investigations, gene analyses, trials HERV-specific pharmacological compounds. The recent establishment use animal models offer a complementary experimental platform will help establish causal relationships identify specific pathways affected by expression. Yet, significant gaps persist understanding role HERVs disorders, particularly concerning specificity stability conditions. Addressing unresolved questions appears crucial for optimizing potential benefits therapeutic interventions aimed at targeting across broad spectrum HERV-associated CNS

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Considering challenges for the new Alzheimer's drugs: Clinical, population, and health system perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Sebastian Walsh, Richard L. Merrick, Richard Milne

et al.

Alzheimer s & Dementia, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. 6639 - 6646

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Recent approvals of amyloid immunotherapy drugs for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been highly controversial. In this piece, we consider challenges from the clinical, population health, and health systems perspectives to role that new AD might be expected play, now in future, alleviating morbidity caused by population. Clinically, short-term effects are small, adverse events frequent, treatment regimens burdensome, and, crucially, long-term unknown. At a level, there is always likely trade-off between breadth access magnitude benefit any given individual. system roll out even only narrowly-defined patient groups will involve considerable resources identify treat eligible patients, with profound opportunity costs. Our considered view on current evidence each perspective imagining foreseeable future which significantly alleviates at scale. HIGHLIGHTS: met excitement but also controversy. Trial concerning, Results trial cohorts may not generalize broader, more complex patients. Significant resource requirements eligibility assessment drug administration. Use "presymptomatic" populations supported evidence.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Effects of sleep deprivation on brain atrophy in individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease DOI
Ujala Sehar, Upasana Mukherjee,

Hafiz Khan

et al.

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102397 - 102397

Published: June 27, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease: Two Sides of the Same Coin? DOI Creative Commons
César A. Valdez-Gaxiola, Frida Rosales-Leycegui, Abigail Gaxiola-Rubio

et al.

Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 110 - 110

Published: May 22, 2024

Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD), defined as onset before 65 years of age, has been significantly less studied than the “classic” late-onset form (LOAD), although EOAD often presents with a more aggressive course, caused by variants in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes. significant differences from LOAD, including encompassing diverse phenotypic manifestations, increased genetic predisposition, variations neuropathological burden distribution. Phenotypically, can be manifested non-amnestic variants, sparing hippocampi tau burden. The aim this article is to review different bases, risk factors, pathological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches between LOAD suggest steps further our understanding. comprehension monogenic provide valuable insights that may serve roadmap for understanding common disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Design, Synthesis, and Invitro Pharmacological Evaluation of Novel Resveratrol Surrogate Molecules against Alzheimer's Disease DOI
Arunkumar Subramanian,

Tamilanban Thamaraikani,

Vinoth Kumarasamy

et al.

Chemistry & Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(9)

Published: June 20, 2024

Abstract A series of resveratrol surrogate molecules were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated for inhibition acetylcholinesterase (AChE) butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) along with anti‐oxidant activity as potential novel multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Six compounds by reacting (E)‐4‐(3,5‐Dimethoxystyryl) aniline benzaldehyde some selected derivatives in the presence ethanol a few drops glacial acetic acid which followed general scheme involved formation Schiff bases. The spectral analysis data including FT‐IR, 1 H‐NMR, 13 C‐NMR, Mass spectroscopy results found to be good agreement newly (Resveratrol Surrogate Molecules 1–6). their dual cholinesterase inhibitory activities, cytotoxic effect, potential. showed that compound RSM5 potent AChE BChE. In, addition cytotoxicity is less within desirable limit indicating safety RSM5. Also, it possesses substantial qualifies an anti‐AD agent. Taken together, these findings demonstrate molecule had most properties could promising lead future development drugs treatments.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Neurovascular unit, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration markers in brain disorders DOI Creative Commons
Duraisamy Kempuraj,

Kirk D. Dourvetakis,

Jessica R. Cohen

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Neurovascular unit (NVU) inflammation via activation of glial cells and neuronal damage plays a critical role in neurodegenerative diseases. Though the exact mechanism disease pathogenesis is not understood, certain biomarkers provide valuable insight into pathogenesis, severity, progression therapeutic efficacy. These markers can be used to assess pathophysiological status brain including neurons, astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, specialized microvascular endothelial cells, pericytes, NVU, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Damage or derangements tight junction (TJ), adherens (AdJ), gap (GJ) components BBB lead increased permeability neuroinflammation various disorders disorders. Thus, neuroinflammatory evaluated blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), tissues determine neurological progression, responsiveness. Chronic common age-related Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), dementia. Neurotrauma/traumatic injury (TBI) also leads acute chronic responses. The expression some may altered many years even decades before onset In this review, we discuss neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration associated with disorders, especially those neurovascular pathologies. CSF, tissues. Neurofilament light (NfL), ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1), fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), transmembrane 119 (TMEM119), aquaporin, endothelin-1, platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) are important markers. Recent BBB-on-a-chip modeling offers promising potential for providing an in-depth understanding neurotherapeutics. Integration these clinical practice could potentially enhance early diagnosis, monitor improve outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

5