Neurodevelopment of the association cortices: Patterns, mechanisms, and implications for psychopathology

Neuron, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(18), P. 2820 - 2846

Published: July 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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Generative modeling of brain maps with spatial autocorrelation

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 220, P. 117038 - 117038

Published: June 22, 2020

Studies of large-scale brain organization have revealed interesting relationships between spatial gradients in maps across multiple modalities. Evaluating the significance these findings requires establishing statistical expectations under a null hypothesis interest. Through generative modeling synthetic data that instantiate specific hypothesis, quantitative benchmarks can be derived for arbitrarily complex measures. Here, we present model, provided as an open-access software platform, generates surrogate with autocorrelation (SA) matched to SA target map. is prominent and ubiquitous property violates assumptions independence conventional tests. Our method simulate maps, constrained by empirical data, preserve cortical, subcortical, parcellated, dense maps. We characterize how impacts p-values pairwise map comparisons. Furthermore, demonstrate SA-preserving used gene set enrichment analyses test hypotheses interest related topography. utility testing analyses, underscore need disambiguate meaningful from chance associations studies organization.

Language: Английский

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Critical period regulation across multiple timescales

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(38), P. 23242 - 23251

Published: June 5, 2020

Brain plasticity is dynamically regulated across the life span, peaking during windows of early life. Typically assessed in physiological range milliseconds (real time), these trajectories are also influenced on longer timescales developmental time (nurture) and evolutionary (nature), which shape neural architectures that support plasticity. Properly sequenced critical periods circuit refinement build up complex cognitive functions, such as language, from more primary modalities. Here, we consider recent progress biological basis a unifying rubric for understanding multiple timescales. Notably, maturation parvalbumin-positive (PV) inhibitory neurons pivotal. These fast-spiking cells generate gamma oscillations associated with period plasticity, sensitive to circadian gene manipulation, emerge at different rates brain regions, acquire perineuronal nets age, may be by epigenetic factors over generations. features provide further novel insight into impact adversity neurodevelopmental risk mental disorders.

Language: Английский

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Neuronal timescales are functionally dynamic and shaped by cortical microarchitecture

eLife, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Nov. 23, 2020

Complex cognitive functions such as working memory and decision-making require information maintenance over seconds to years, from transient sensory stimuli long-term contextual cues. While theoretical accounts predict the emergence of a corresponding hierarchy neuronal timescales, direct electrophysiological evidence across human cortex is lacking. Here, we infer timescales invasive intracranial recordings. Timescales increase along principal sensorimotor-to-association axis entire cortex, scale with single-unit within macaques. Cortex-wide transcriptomic analysis shows alignment between expression excitation- inhibition-related genes, well genes specific voltage-gated transmembrane ion transporters. Finally, are functionally dynamic: prefrontal expand during individual performance, while cortex-wide compress aging. Thus, follow cytoarchitectonic gradients relevant for cognition in both short long terms, bridging microcircuit physiology macroscale dynamics behavior.

Language: Английский

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Hierarchical dynamics as a macroscopic organizing principle of the human brain

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 117(34), P. 20890 - 20897

Published: Aug. 12, 2020

Multimodal evidence suggests that brain regions accumulate information over timescales vary according to anatomical hierarchy. Thus, these experimentally defined "temporal receptive windows" are longest in cortical distant from sensory input. Interestingly, spontaneous activity also plays out relatively slow (i.e., exhibits slower temporal autocorrelation decay). These findings raise the possibility hierarchical represent an intrinsic organizing principle of function. Here, using resting-state functional MRI, we show timescale ongoing dynamics follows spatial gradients throughout human cerebral cortex. give rise systematic frequency differences among large-scale networks and predict individual-specific features connectivity. Whole-brain coverage permitted us further investigate organization subcortical dynamics. We topographically mirrored striatum, thalamus, cerebellum. Finally, hippocampus followed a posterior-to-anterior gradient, corresponding longitudinal axis increasing representational scale. emerge as global mammalian brains.

Language: Английский

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Mapping gene transcription and neurocognition across human neocortex

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. 1240 - 1250

Published: March 25, 2021

Language: Английский

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Inhibitory stabilization and cortical computation

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 21 - 37

Published: Nov. 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Intrinsic neural timescales: temporal integration and segregation

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 159 - 173

Published: Jan. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

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Dynamical consequences of regional heterogeneity in the brain’s transcriptional landscape

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(29)

Published: July 14, 2021

Regional heterogeneity in the brain’s transcriptional landscape supports complex neuronal dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of distributed working memory in a large-scale network of macaque neocortex

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Neural activity underlying working memory is not a local phenomenon but distributed across multiple brain regions. To elucidate the circuit mechanism of such activity, we developed an anatomically constrained computational model large-scale macaque cortex. We found that mnemonic internal states may emerge from inter-areal reverberation, even in regime where none isolated areas capable generating self-sustained activity. The pattern along cortical hierarchy indicates transition space, separating engaged and those which do not. A host spatially distinct attractor found, potentially subserving various processes. yields testable predictions, including idea counterstream inhibitory bias, role prefrontal controlling attractors, resilience to lesions or inactivation. This work provides theoretical framework for identifying mechanisms principles cognitive

Language: Английский

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