Placebo treatment affects brain systems related to affective and cognitive processes, but not nociceptive pain

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: July 17, 2024

Abstract Drug treatments for pain often do not outperform placebo, and a better understanding of placebo mechanisms is needed to improve treatment development clinical practice. In large-scale fMRI study ( N = 392) with pre-registered analyses, we tested whether analgesic modulates nociceptive processes, its effects generalize from conditioned unconditioned modalities. Placebo caused robust analgesia in thermal that generalized mechanical pain. However, did decrease pain-related activity brain measures linked pain, including the Neurologic Pain Signature (NPS) spinothalamic pathway regions, strong support null Bayes Factor analyses. addition, surprisingly, increased some regions contrast, reduced neuromarker associated higher-level contributions Stimulus Intensity Independent (SIIPS), affected related motivation value, both Individual differences behavioral were correlated neural changes Our results indicate cognitive affective processes primarily drive analgesia, show potential neuromarkers separating influences on nociception evaluative processes.

Language: Английский

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Hierarchical predictive coding in distributed pain circuits

Frontiers in Neural Circuits, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: March 3, 2023

Predictive coding is a computational theory on describing how the brain perceives and acts, which has been widely adopted in sensory processing motor control. Nociceptive pain involves large distributed network of circuits. However, it still unknown whether this completely decentralized or requires networkwide coordination. Multiple lines evidence from human animal studies have suggested that cingulate cortex insula (cingulate-insula network) are two major hubs mediating information afferents spinothalamic inputs, whereas subregions cortices distinct projections functional roles. In mini-review, we propose an updated hierarchical predictive framework for perception discuss its related computational, algorithmic, implementation issues. We suggest active inference as generalized algorithm, hierarchically organized traveling waves independent neural oscillations plausible mechanism to integrate bottom-up top-down across

Language: Английский

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Behavioural Indicators of Pain and Suffering in Arthropods and Might Pain Bite Back?

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(16), P. 2602 - 2602

Published: Aug. 12, 2023

Pain in response to tissue damage functions change behaviour so that further is minimised whereas healing and survival are promoted. This paper focuses on the behavioural criteria match function ask if pain likely main taxa of arthropods. There evidence consistent with idea crustaceans, insects and, a lesser extent, spiders. little millipedes, centipedes, scorpions, horseshoe crabs but there have been few investigations these groups. Alternative approaches study explored it suggested studies traumatic mating, agonistic interactions, defensive venoms might provide clues about pain. The evolution high cognitive ability, sensory systems, flexible decision-making discussed as well how influence pain-like states.

Language: Английский

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Placebo treatment affects brain systems related to affective and cognitive processes, but not nociceptive pain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Abstract Placebo analgesia is a replicable and well-studied phenomenon, yet it remains unclear to what degree includes modulation of nociceptive processes. Some studies find effects consistent with effects, but meta-analyses show that these are often small. We analyzed placebo in large fMRI study (N = 392), including on brain responses noxious stimuli. treatment caused robust both conditioned thermal unconditioned mechanical pain. did not decrease activity pain regions, the Neurologic Pain Signature (NPS) pre-registered spinothalamic pathway strong support from Bayes Factor analyses. However, affected analyses second neuromarker, Stimulus Intensity Independent (SIIPS), several associated priori regions related motivation value, Individual differences behavioral were correlated neural changes Our results indicate processes affective cognitive aspects primarily drive analgesia.

Language: Английский

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A History of Pain Studies and Changing Attitudes to the Welfare of Crustaceans

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 445 - 445

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Early discussions about possible pain in crustaceans often comprised speculation and anecdotes. Experiments to investigate took guidance from these early debates, studies on other taxa. Many experiments provided data that are consistent with the idea of pain. However, does not mean has been proved, but they open possibility. With each study is being felt, probability increases, we will probably never have conclusive proof. Some responses appear be nociceptive reflexes; however, at least indicate animal responds stimuli such as tissue damage, heat, acid, alkaline, or electric shock. The said only if cannot explained by reflexes. These encouraged various organisations improve welfare crustaceans, e.g., PETA, Crustacean Compassion, RSPCA, British Veterinary Association, UFAW, HSA. They also formed much evidence included highly influential review sentience for UK government resulted inclusion decapod Animal Welfare (Sentience) Act 2022. This recognises sentient. By contrast, New York Declaration there a possibility sentience. Others argued against crustaceans. Nevertheless, 2022 an impetus groups campaign improved welfare. retailers now require slaughter techniques shrimp/prawn sell, electrical stunning preferred method.

Language: Английский

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Homeostasis After Injury: How Intertwined Inference and Control Underpin Post-Injury Pain and Behaviour

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Injuries are an unfortunate but inevitable fact of life, leading to evolutionary mandate for powerful homeostatic processes recovery and recuperation. The physiological responses the body immune system must be coordinated with behaviour allow protected time this happen, prevent further damage affected bodily parts. Reacting appropriately requires internal control that represents nature state injury specifies withholds actions accordingly. We bring formal uncertainties embodied in into framework a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). discuss nociceptive phenomena light analysis, noting particularly paradoxical behaviours associated investigation, propensity transitions from normative, tonic, pathological, chronic, pain states. Importantly, these simulation results provide quantitative account enable us sketch much needed roadmap future theoretical experimental studies on injury, tonic pain, transition chronic pain. Ultimately, we seek novel ways target

Language: Английский

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Interoception and pain: body–mind integration, rupture, and repair

Pain, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Neuroimmune Pain and Its Manipulation by Pathogens

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Recent studies highlight extensive crosstalk that exists between sensory neurons responsible for pain and the immune system. Cutaneous detect harmful microbes, recruit cells, produce anticipatory immunity in nearby tissues. These complementary systems generally protect hosts from infections. At same time, neuroimmune is vulnerable to manipulation. Some pathogens evade activated by nociceptors producing opioid analogs interfering with nerve function. Other organisms manipulate increasing it. Hosts may gain protection interference adjusting sensitivity. Nociceptive sensitization follows expectations of signal detection theory smoke detector principle, allowing be more easily triggered response microbial threats damage. However, at spinal level cortical responses are themselves target manipulation parasites other organisms. Here we review examples parasites, bacteria, medically important interfere signaling describe their implications public health, infectious disease, treatment pain.

Language: Английский

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When a Conscientious Person Meets Semi-Autonomous Driving Devices

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pain, from perception to action: A computational perspective

iScience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 105707 - 105707

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Pain is driven by sensation and emotion, in turn, it motivates decisions actions. To fully appreciate the multidimensional nature of pain, we formulate study pain within a closed-loop framework sensory-motor prediction. In this cycle, prediction plays an important role, as interaction between actual sensory experience shapes perception subsequently, action. Perspective, describe roles two prominent computational theories-Bayesian inference reinforcement learning-in modeling adaptive behaviors. We show that serves common theme these theories, each theories can explain unique aspects perception-action cycle. discuss how models improve our mechanistic understandings pain-centered processes such anticipation, attention, placebo hypoalgesia, chronification.

Language: Английский

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