Current Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
32(5), P. 1175 - 1188.e5
Published: Feb. 7, 2022
Compulsive
behavior
is
a
defining
feature
of
disorders
such
as
substance
use
disorders.
Current
evidence
suggests
that
corticostriatal
circuits
control
the
expression
established
compulsions,
but
little
known
about
mechanisms
regulating
development
compulsions.
We
hypothesized
dopamine,
critical
modulator
striatal
synaptic
plasticity,
could
alterations
in
leading
to
compulsions
(defined
here
continued
reward
seeking
face
punishment).
used
dual-site
fiber
photometry
measure
dopamine
axon
activity
dorsomedial
striatum
(DMS)
and
dorsolateral
(DLS)
emerged.
Individual
variability
speed
with
which
emerged
was
predicted
by
DMS
activity.
Amplifying
this
signal
accelerated
animals'
transitions
compulsion,
whereas
inhibition
delayed
it.
In
contrast,
amplifying
DLS
signaling
had
no
effect
on
emergence
These
results
establish
key
controller
compulsive
seeking.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
104, P. 1 - 10
Published: June 24, 2019
We
propose
an
updated
version
of
the
Interaction
Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution
(I-PACE)
model,
which
we
argue
to
be
valid
for
several
types
addictive
behaviors,
such
as
gambling,
gaming,
buying-shopping,
and
compulsive
sexual
behavior
disorders.
Based
on
recent
empirical
findings
theoretical
considerations,
that
behaviors
develop
a
consequence
interactions
between
predisposing
variables,
affective
cognitive
responses
specific
stimuli,
executive
functions,
inhibitory
control
decision-making.
In
process
associations
cue-reactivity/craving
diminished
contribute
development
habitual
behaviors.
An
imbalance
structures
fronto-striatal
circuits,
particularly
ventral
striatum,
amygdala,
dorsolateral
prefrontal
areas,
may
relevant
early
stages
dorsal
striatum
later
processes.
The
I-PACE
model
provide
foundation
future
studies
clinical
practice.
Future
should
investigate
common
unique
mechanisms
involved
in
addictive,
obsessive-compulsive-related,
impulse-control,
substance-use
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
99(4), P. 2115 - 2140
Published: Sept. 11, 2019
Drug
consumption
is
driven
by
a
drug's
pharmacological
effects,
which
are
experienced
as
rewarding,
and
influenced
genetic,
developmental,
psychosocial
factors
that
mediate
drug
accessibility,
norms,
social
support
systems
or
lack
thereof.
The
reinforcing
effects
of
drugs
mostly
depend
on
dopamine
signaling
in
the
nucleus
accumbens,
chronic
exposure
triggers
glutamatergic-mediated
neuroadaptations
striato-thalamo-cortical
(predominantly
prefrontal
cortical
regions
including
orbitofrontal
cortex
anterior
cingulate
cortex)
limbic
pathways
(amygdala
hippocampus)
that,
vulnerable
individuals,
can
result
addiction.
In
parallel,
changes
extended
amygdala
negative
emotional
states
perpetuate
taking
an
attempt
to
temporarily
alleviate
them.
Counterintuitively,
addicted
person,
actual
associated
with
attenuated
increase
brain
reward
regions,
might
contribute
drug-taking
behavior
compensate
for
difference
between
magnitude
expected
triggered
conditioning
cues
experience
it.
Combined,
these
enhanced
motivation
"seek
drug"
(energized
increases
cues)
impaired
top-down
self-regulation
favors
compulsive
against
backdrop
emotionality
interoceptive
awareness
"drug
hunger."
Treatment
interventions
intended
reverse
show
promise
therapeutic
approaches
Neuropsychopharmacology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
46(10), P. 1715 - 1723
Published: Feb. 22, 2021
The
view
that
substance
addiction
is
a
brain
disease,
although
widely
accepted
in
the
neuroscience
community,
has
become
subject
to
acerbic
criticism
recent
years.
These
criticisms
state
disease
deterministic,
fails
account
for
heterogeneity
remission
and
recovery,
places
too
much
emphasis
on
compulsive
dimension
of
addiction,
specific
neural
signature
not
been
identified.
We
acknowledge
some
these
have
merit,
but
assert
foundational
premise
neurobiological
basis
fundamentally
sound.
also
emphasize
denying
harmful
standpoint
since
it
contributes
reducing
access
healthcare
treatment,
consequences
which
are
catastrophic.
Here,
we
therefore
address
criticisms,
doing
so
provide
contemporary
update
addiction.
arguments
support
this
view,
discuss
why
apparently
spontaneous
does
negate
it,
how
seemingly
behaviors
can
co-exist
with
sensitivity
alternative
reinforcement
Most
importantly,
argue
biological
substrate
from
both
capacity
behavior
change
arise,
arguing
an
intensified
neuroscientific
study
recovery.
More
broadly,
propose
disagreements
reveal
need
multidisciplinary
research
integrates
neuroscientific,
behavioral,
clinical,
sociocultural
perspectives.
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: July 18, 2019
Here,
we
review
the
neural
circuit
bases
of
habits,
compulsions,
and
addictions,
behaviors
which
are
all
characterized
by
relatively
automatic
action
performance.
We
discuss
relevant
studies,
primarily
from
rodent
literature,
describe
how
major
headway
has
been
made
in
identifying
brain
regions
cell
types
whose
activity
is
modulated
during
acquisition
performance
these
automated
behaviors.
The
dorsal
striatum
cortical
inputs
to
this
structure
have
emerged
as
key
players
wider
basal
ganglia
circuitry
encoding
behavioral
automaticity,
changes
different
neuronal
cell-types
shown
co-occur
with
formation
highlight
disordered
functioning
circuits
can
result
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
such
obsessive-compulsive
disorder
(OCD)
drug
addiction.
Finally,
next
phase
research
field
may
benefit
integration
approaches
for
access
cells
based
on
their
genetic
makeup,
activity,
connectivity
precise
anatomical
location.
Nature,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
614(7947), P. 294 - 302
Published: Jan. 18, 2023
Abstract
Recent
success
in
training
artificial
agents
and
robots
derives
from
a
combination
of
direct
learning
behavioural
policies
indirect
through
value
functions
1–3
.
Policy
use
distinct
algorithms
that
optimize
performance
reward
prediction,
respectively.
In
animals,
the
role
mesolimbic
dopamine
signalling
have
been
extensively
evaluated
with
respect
to
prediction
4
;
however,
so
far
there
has
little
consideration
how
policy
might
inform
our
understanding
5
Here
we
used
comprehensive
dataset
orofacial
body
movements
understand
evolved
as
naive,
head-restrained
mice
learned
trace
conditioning
paradigm.
Individual
differences
initial
dopaminergic
responses
correlated
emergence
policy,
but
not
putative
encoding
for
predictive
cue.
Likewise,
physiologically
calibrated
manipulations
produced
several
effects
inconsistent
predicted
by
neural-network-based
model
signals
set
an
adaptive
rate,
error
signal,
learning.
This
work
provides
strong
evidence
phasic
activity
can
regulate
policies,
expanding
explanatory
power
reinforcement
models
animal
6