Aging and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 0 - 0
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Depression
represents
a
prevalent
and
enduring
mental
disorder
of
significant
concern
within
the
clinical
domain.
Extensive
research
indicates
that
depression
is
very
complex,
with
many
interconnected
pathways
involved.
Most
related
to
focuses
on
monoamines,
neurotrophic
factors,
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
axis,
tryptophan
metabolism,
energy
mitochondrial
function,
gut-brain
glial
cell-mediated
inflammation,
myelination,
homeostasis,
brain
neural
networks.
However,
recently,
Ketamine,
an
ionotropic
N-methyl-D-aspartate
(NMDA)
receptor
antagonist,
has
been
discovered
have
rapid
antidepressant
effects
in
patients,
leading
novel
successful
treatment
approaches
for
mood
disorders.
This
review
aims
summarize
latest
findings
insights
into
various
signaling
systems
observed
patients
animal
models,
providing
more
comprehensive
view
neurobiology
anxious-depressive-like
behavior.
Specifically,
it
highlights
key
mechanisms
ketamine
as
rapid-acting
antidepressant,
aiming
enhance
neuropsychiatric
Moreover,
we
discuss
potential
prophylactic
or
therapeutic
intervention
stress-related
psychiatric
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
36(6)
Published: Oct. 16, 2023
Abstract
Cellular
processes
are
mechanisms
carried
out
at
the
cellular
level
that
aimed
guaranteeing
stability
of
organism
they
comprise.
The
investigation
is
key
to
understanding
cell
fate,
pathogenic
mechanisms,
and
developing
new
therapeutic
technologies.
Microfluidic
platforms
thought
be
most
powerful
tools
among
all
methodologies
for
investigating
because
can
integrate
almost
types
existing
intracellular
extracellular
biomarker‐sensing
methods
observation
approaches
behavior,
combined
with
precisely
controlled
culture,
manipulation,
stimulation,
analysis.
Most
importantly,
microfluidic
realize
real‐time
in
situ
detection
secreted
proteins,
exosomes,
other
biomarkers
produced
during
physiological
processes,
thereby
providing
possibility
draw
whole
picture
a
process.
Owing
their
advantages
high
throughput,
low
sample
consumption,
precise
control,
monitoring
characteristics
widely
being
used
analysis,
disease
diagnosis,
pharmaceutical
research,
biological
production.
This
review
focuses
on
basic
concepts,
recent
progress,
application
prospects
processes.
Aging and Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 153 - 153
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Reactive
astrocytes
(RAs)
produce
chondroitin
sulfate
proteoglycans
(CSPGs)
in
large
quantities
after
spinal
cord
injury
(SCI)
and
inhibit
axon
regeneration
through
the
Rho-associated
protein
kinase
(ROCK)
pathway.
However,
mechanism
of
producing
CSPGs
by
RAs
their
roles
other
aspects
are
often
overlooked.
In
recent
years,
novel
generation
mechanisms
functions
have
gradually
emerged.
Extracellular
traps
(ETs),
a
new
recently
discovered
phenomenon
SCI,
can
promote
secondary
injury.
ETs
released
neutrophils
microglia,
which
activate
to
SCI.
play
an
important
role
regulating
inflammation
as
well
cell
migration
differentiation;
some
these
regulations
beneficial.
The
current
review
summarized
process
ET-activated
generate
at
cellular
signaling
pathway
level.
Moreover,
inhibiting
regeneration,
inflammation,
differentiation
were
discussed.
Finally,
based
on
above
process,
potential
therapeutic
targets
proposed
eliminate
adverse
effects
CSPGs.
Cancer Cell International,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: July 27, 2024
Abstract
Background
Breast
cancer
(BC)
is
a
heterogeneous
disease,
with
the
ductal
subtype
exhibiting
significant
cellular
diversity
that
influences
prognosis
and
response
to
treatment.
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing
data
from
GEO
database
were
utilized
in
this
study
investigate
underlying
mechanisms
of
heterogeneity
identify
potential
prognostic
markers
therapeutic
targets.
Methods
Bioinformatics
analysis
was
conducted
using
R
packages
analyze
single-cell
data.
The
presence
highly
variable
genes
differences
malignant
potency
within
same
BC
samples
examined.
Differential
gene
expression
biological
function
between
Type
1
2
epithelial
cells
identified.
Lasso
regression
Cox
proportional
hazards
analyses
employed
associated
patient
prognosis.
Experimental
validation
performed
vitro
vivo
confirm
functional
relevance
identified
genes.
Results
revealed
notable
among
cells,
behavior
samples.
Significant
disparities
cells.
Through
analyses,
CYP24A1
TFPI2
as
pivotal
Kaplan-Meier
curves
demonstrated
their
significance,
experimental
confirmed
inhibitory
effects
on
behaviors
Conclusion
This
highlights
breast
delineates
differential
expressions
functions
emerged
promising
targets,
cell
malignancy
vivo.
These
findings
offer
for
improved
management
development
targeted
treatment
strategies.
Glia,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 10, 2025
Chronic
neuroinflammation,
driven
by
central
nervous
system
(CNS)-resident
astrocytes
and
microglia,
as
well
infiltration
of
the
peripheral
immune
system,
is
an
important
pathologic
mechanism
across
a
range
neurologic
diseases.
For
decades,
research
focused
almost
exclusively
on
how
neuroinflammation
impacted
neuronal
function;
however,
there
accumulating
evidence
that
injury
to
oligodendrocyte
lineage
component
for
both
clinical
outcomes.
While
oligodendrocytes
are
able
undergo
endogenous
repair
process
known
remyelination,
this
becomes
inefficient
usually
fails
in
presence
sustained
inflammation.
The
present
review
focuses
our
current
knowledge
regarding
activation
innate
adaptive
systems
chronic
demyelinating
disease,
multiple
sclerosis,
provides
other
conditions,
such
perinatal
white
matter
injury,
traumatic
brain
viral
infections,
converges
injury.
Lastly,
therapeutic
potential
targeting
impact
inflammation
these
diseases
discussed.
