Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: Aug. 16, 2024
Immune
imprinting
is
a
phenomenon
that
stems
from
the
fundamentals
of
immunological
memory.
Upon
recurrent
exposures
to
an
evolving
pathogen,
immune
system
must
weigh
benefits
rapidly
recalling
established
antibody
repertoires
with
greater
affinity
initial
variant
or
invest
additional
time
and
energy
in
producing
de
novo
responses
specific
emerging
variant.
In
this
review,
we
delve
into
mechanistic
complexities
its
role
shaping
subsequent
responses,
both
recall,
against
respiratory
viruses
such
as
influenza
coronaviruses.
By
exploring
duality
imprinting,
examine
potential
enhance
hinder
protection
disease,
while
emphasizing
host
viral
factors.
Finally,
explore
how
different
vaccine
platforms
may
affect
comment
on
strategies
can
favor
variant-specific
responses.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
Abstract
The
rapid
emergence
of
divergent
SARS-CoV-2
variants
has
led
to
an
update
the
COVID-19
booster
vaccine
a
monovalent
version
containing
XBB.1.5
spike.
To
determine
neutralization
breadth
following
immunization,
we
collected
blood
samples
from
24
individuals
pre-
and
post-XBB.1.5
mRNA
vaccination
(∼1
month).
improved
both
neutralizing
activity
against
ancestral
strain
(WA1)
circulating
Omicron
variants,
including
EG.5.1,
HK.3,
HV.1,
JN.1.
Relative
pre-boost
titers,
induced
greater
total
IgG
subclass
binding,
particular
IgG4,
spike
as
compared
WA1
We
evaluated
antigen-specific
memory
B
cells
(MBCs)
using
either
or
receptor
binding
domain
(RBD)
probes
found
that
largely
increases
non-RBD
cross-reactive
MBCs.
These
data
suggest
induces
antibodies
neutralize
related
variants.
Science Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(94)
Published: April 5, 2024
Vaccine
adjuvants
increase
the
breadth
of
serum
antibody
responses,
but
whether
this
is
due
to
generation
antigen-specific
B
cell
clones
with
distinct
specificities
or
maturation
memory
that
produce
broadly
cross-reactive
antibodies
unknown.
Here,
we
longitudinally
analyzed
immune
responses
in
healthy
adults
after
two-dose
vaccination
either
a
virus-like
particle
COVID-19
vaccine
(CoVLP),
CoVLP
adjuvanted
AS03
(CoVLP+AS03),
messenger
RNA
(mRNA-1273).
CoVLP+AS03
enhanced
magnitude
and
durability
circulating
CD4
+
T
responses.
Antigen-specific
cells
group
at
day
42
correlated
6
months.
induced
which
accumulated
somatic
hypermutations
over
months,
resulting
neutralization
monoclonal
antibodies.
Furthermore,
fraction
neutralizing
encoded
by
increased
between
These
results
indicate
enhances
antigenic
clonal
level
induces
progressive
response.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: May 18, 2024
Abstract
Waning
antibody
responses
after
COVID-19
vaccination
combined
with
the
emergence
of
SARS-CoV-2
Omicron
lineage
led
to
reduced
vaccine
effectiveness.
As
a
countermeasure,
bivalent
mRNA-based
booster
vaccines
encoding
ancestral
spike
protein
in
combination
that
BA.1
or
BA.5
were
introduced.
Since
then,
different
BA.2-descendent
lineages
have
become
dominant,
such
as
XBB.1.5,
JN.1,
EG.5.1.
Here,
we
report
post-hoc
analyses
data
from
SWITCH-ON
study,
assessing
how
priming
regimens
affect
immunogenicity
vaccinations
and
breakthrough
infections
(NCT05471440).
boosted
neutralizing
antibodies
T-cells
up
3
months
boost;
however,
cross-neutralization
XBB.1.5
was
poor.
Interestingly,
combinations
prime-boost
induced
divergent
responses:
participants
primed
Ad26.COV2.S
developed
lower
binding
levels
boost
while
neutralization
T-cell
similar
participants.
In
contrast,
breadth
higher
mRNA-primed
Combined,
our
further
support
current
use
monovalent
based
on
circulating
strains
when
vaccinating
risk
groups,
recently
recommended
by
WHO.
We
emphasize
importance
continuous
assessment
immune
targeting
variants
guide
future
policies.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: Aug. 16, 2024
Immune
imprinting
is
a
phenomenon
that
stems
from
the
fundamentals
of
immunological
memory.
Upon
recurrent
exposures
to
an
evolving
pathogen,
immune
system
must
weigh
benefits
rapidly
recalling
established
antibody
repertoires
with
greater
affinity
initial
variant
or
invest
additional
time
and
energy
in
producing
de
novo
responses
specific
emerging
variant.
In
this
review,
we
delve
into
mechanistic
complexities
its
role
shaping
subsequent
responses,
both
recall,
against
respiratory
viruses
such
as
influenza
coronaviruses.
By
exploring
duality
imprinting,
examine
potential
enhance
hinder
protection
disease,
while
emphasizing
host
viral
factors.
Finally,
explore
how
different
vaccine
platforms
may
affect
comment
on
strategies
can
favor
variant-specific
responses.
