The Lancet Respiratory Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(8), P. 761 - 775
Published: April 23, 2022
No
effective
pharmacological
or
non-pharmacological
interventions
exist
for
patients
with
long
COVID.
We
aimed
to
describe
recovery
1
year
after
hospital
discharge
COVID-19,
identify
factors
associated
patient-perceived
recovery,
and
potential
therapeutic
targets
by
describing
the
underlying
inflammatory
profiles
of
previously
described
clusters
at
5
months
discharge.
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9(11), P. 1275 - 1287
Published: Oct. 9, 2021
The
impact
of
COVID-19
on
physical
and
mental
health
employment
after
hospitalisation
with
acute
disease
is
not
well
understood.
aim
this
study
was
to
determine
the
effects
COVID-19-related
employment,
identify
factors
associated
recovery,
describe
recovery
phenotypes.
Post-hospitalisation
(PHOSP-COVID)
a
multicentre,
long-term
follow-up
adults
(aged
≥18
years)
discharged
from
hospital
in
UK
clinical
diagnosis
COVID-19,
involving
an
assessment
between
2
7
months
discharge,
including
detailed
recording
symptoms,
physiological
biochemical
testing.
Multivariable
logistic
regression
done
for
primary
outcome
patient-perceived
age,
sex,
ethnicity,
body-mass
index,
comorbidities,
severity
illness
as
covariates.
A
post-hoc
cluster
analysis
outcomes
breathlessness,
fatigue,
health,
cognitive
impairment,
performance
using
clustering
large
applications
k-medoids
approach.
registered
ISRCTN
Registry
(ISRCTN10980107).
We
report
findings
1077
patients
March
5
Nov
30,
2020,
who
underwent
at
median
5·9
(IQR
4·9–6·5)
discharge.
Participants
had
mean
age
58
years
(SD
13);
384
(36%)
were
female,
710
(69%)
white
288
(27%)
received
mechanical
ventilation,
540
(50%)
least
two
comorbidities.
At
follow-up,
only
239
(29%)
830
participants
felt
fully
recovered,
158
(20%)
806
new
disability
(assessed
by
Washington
Group
Short
Set
Functioning),
124
(19%)
641
experienced
health-related
change
occupation.
Factors
recovering
female
middle
(40–59
years),
or
more
severe
illness.
magnitude
persistent
burden
substantial
but
weakly
Four
clusters
identified
different
severities
impairment
(n=767):
very
(131
patients,
17%),
(159,
21%),
moderate
along
(127,
mild
(350,
46%).
Of
used
analysis,
all
closely
related
except
impairment.
Three
(3%)
113
cluster,
nine
(7%)
129
36
99
114
(43%)
267
reported
feeling
recovered.
Persistently
elevated
serum
C-reactive
protein
positively
severity.
admission
6
discharge
(eg,
illness),
four
impairments
related,
whereas
independent.
In
care,
proactive
approach
needed
across
spectrum,
interdisciplinary
working,
wide
access
holistic
services,
potential
stratify
care.
Research
Innovation
National
Institute
Health
Research.
European Heart Journal,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
43(11), P. 1157 - 1172
Published: Feb. 7, 2022
Abstract
Emerging
as
a
new
epidemic,
long
COVID
or
post-acute
sequelae
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19),
condition
characterized
by
the
persistence
COVID-19
symptoms
beyond
3
months,
is
anticipated
to
substantially
alter
lives
millions
people
globally.
Cardiopulmonary
including
chest
pain,
shortness
breath,
fatigue,
and
autonomic
manifestations
such
postural
orthostatic
tachycardia
are
common
associated
with
significant
disability,
heightened
anxiety,
public
awareness.
A
range
cardiovascular
(CV)
abnormalities
has
been
reported
among
patients
acute
phase
include
myocardial
inflammation,
infarction,
right
ventricular
dysfunction,
arrhythmias.
Pathophysiological
mechanisms
for
delayed
complications
still
poorly
understood,
dissociation
seen
between
ongoing
objective
measures
cardiopulmonary
health.
long-term
trajectory
many
chronic
cardiac
diseases
which
abundant
in
those
at
risk
severe
disease.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
definition
its
epidemiology,
an
emphasis
on
symptoms.
We
further
review
pathophysiological
underlying
CV
injury,
sequelae,
impact
multiorgan
propose
possible
model
referral
post-COVID-19
services
future
directions
research
priorities
clinical
trials
that
currently
underway
evaluate
efficacy
treatment
strategies
sequelae.
Clinical Infectious Diseases,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
74(7), P. 1191 - 1198
Published: July 1, 2021
Abstract
Background
Long
COVID
is
defined
as
the
persistence
of
symptoms
beyond
3
months
after
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
infection.
To
better
understand
long-term
course
and
etiology
we
analyzed
a
cohort
patients
with
COVID-19
prospectively.
Methods
Patients
were
included
at
5
in
this
prospective,
noninterventional,
follow-up
study.
followed
until
12
symptom
onset
(n
=
96;
32.3%
hospitalized,
55.2%
females)
analysis
symptoms,
quality
life
(based
on
an
SF-12
survey),
laboratory
parameters
including
antinuclear
antibodies
(ANAs),
SARS-CoV-2
antibody
levels.
Results
At
month
12,
only
22.9%
completely
free
most
frequent
reduced
exercise
capacity
(56.3%),
fatigue
(53.1%),
dyspnea
(37.5%),
problems
concentration
(39.6%),
finding
words
(32.3%),
sleeping
(26.0%).
Females
showed
significantly
more
neurocognitive
than
males.
ANA
titers
≥1:160
43.6%
post–COVID-19
onset,
frequency
was
higher
group
titer
versus
<1:160.
Compared
without
≥1
long-COVID
did
not
differ
respect
to
their
levels
but
had
physical
mental
compared
symptoms.
Conclusions
Neurocognitive
can
persist
year
reduce
significantly.
Several
associated
elevations.
This
may
indicate
autoimmunity
cofactor
long
COVID.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
22(1), P. 43 - 55
Published: Sept. 1, 2021
COVID-19
vaccines
show
excellent
efficacy
in
clinical
trials
and
effectiveness
real-world
data,
but
some
people
still
become
infected
with
SARS-CoV-2
after
vaccination.
This
study
aimed
to
identify
risk
factors
for
post-vaccination
infection
describe
the
characteristics
of
illness.
Annals of Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
54(1), P. 1473 - 1487
Published: May 20, 2022
After
almost
2
years
of
fighting
against
SARS-CoV-2
pandemic,
the
number
patients
enduring
persistent
symptoms
long
after
acute
infection
is
a
matter
concern.
This
set
was
referred
to
as
"long
COVID",
and
it
defined
more
recently
"Post
COVID-19
condition"
by
World
health
Organization
(WHO).
Although
studies
have
revealed
that
COVID
can
manifest
whatever
severity
inaugural
illness,
underlying
pathophysiology
still
enigmatic.To
conduct
comprehensive
review
address
putative
persisting
COVID.We
searched
11
bibliographic
databases
(Cochrane
Library,
JBI
EBP
Database,
Medline,
Embase,
PsycInfo,
CINHAL,
Ovid
Nursing
Journals@Ovid,
SciLit,
EuropePMC,
CoronaCentral).
We
selected
put
forward
hypotheses
on
pathophysiology,
well
those
encompassed
in
their
research
investigation.A
total
98
articles
were
included
systematic
review,
54
which
exclusively
addressed
while
44
involved
patients.
Studies
displayed
heterogeneity
with
respect
initial
timing
analysis,
or
presence
control
group.
likely
results
from
long-term
organ
damage
due
acute-phase
infection,
specific
mechanisms
following
illness
could
contribute
later
possibly
affecting
many
organs.
As
such,
autonomic
nervous
system
account
for
without
clear
evidence
damage.
Immune
dysregulation,
auto-immunity,
endothelial
dysfunction,
occult
viral
persistence,
coagulation
activation
are
main
pathophysiological
so
far.Evidence
why
occur
limited,
available
heterogeneous.
Apart
damage,
hints
suggest
be
symptoms.
KEY
MESSAGESLong-COVID
multisystem
disease
develops
regardless
severity.
Its
clinical
spectrum
comprises
wide
range
symptoms.The
its
unclear.
phase
accounts
symptoms,
long-lasting
inflammatory
been
proposed,
well.Existing
involving
Long-COVID
highly
heterogeneous,
they
include
various
levels
different
time
frame
well.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: June 28, 2022
Abstract
The
frequency
of,
and
risk
factors
for,
long
COVID
are
unclear
among
community-based
individuals
with
a
history
of
COVID-19.
To
elucidate
the
burden
possible
causes
in
community,
we
coordinated
analyses
survey
data
from
6907
self-reported
COVID-19
10
UK
longitudinal
study
(LS)
samples
1.1
million
diagnostic
codes
electronic
healthcare
records
(EHR)
collected
by
spring
2021.
Proportions
presumed
cases
LS
reporting
any
symptoms
for
12+
weeks
ranged
7.8%
17%
(with
1.2
to
4.8%
debilitating
symptoms).
Increasing
age,
female
sex,
white
ethnicity,
poor
pre-pandemic
general
mental
health,
overweight/obesity,
asthma
were
associated
prolonged
both
EHR
data,
but
findings
other
factors,
such
as
cardio-metabolic
parameters,
inconclusive.
Cell,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
185(14), P. 2452 - 2468.e16
Published: June 13, 2022
COVID
survivors
frequently
experience
lingering
neurological
symptoms
that
resemble
cancer-therapy-related
cognitive
impairment,
a
syndrome
for
which
white
matter
microglial
reactivity
and
consequent
neural
dysregulation
is
central.
Here,
we
explored
the
neurobiological
effects
of
respiratory
SARS-CoV-2
infection
found
white-matter-selective
in
mice
humans.
Following
mild
mice,
persistently
impaired
hippocampal
neurogenesis,
decreased
oligodendrocytes,
myelin
loss
were
evident
together
with
elevated
CSF
cytokines/chemokines
including
CCL11.
Systemic
CCL11
administration
specifically
caused
neurogenesis.
Concordantly,
humans
lasting
post-COVID
exhibit
levels.
Compared
SARS-CoV-2,
influenza
similar
patterns
reactivity,
oligodendrocyte
loss,
at
early
time
points,
but
after
influenza,
only
pathology
persisted.
These
findings
illustrate
neuropathophysiology
cancer
therapy
may
contribute
to
impairment
following
even
COVID.
