Elucidating the role of the gut microbiota in the physiological effects of dietary fiber DOI Creative Commons
Edward C. Deehan, Zhengxiao Zhang, Alessandra Riva

et al.

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: May 13, 2022

Dietary fiber is an integral part of a healthy diet, but questions remain about the mechanisms that underlie effects and causal contributions gut microbiota. Here, we performed 6-week exploratory trial in adults with excess weight (BMI: 25-35 kg/m2) to compare high-dose (females: 25 g/day; males: 35 g/day) supplement fermentable corn bran arabinoxylan (AX; n = 15) microbiota-non-accessible microcrystalline cellulose (MCC; 16). Obesity-related surrogate endpoints biomarkers host-microbiome interactions implicated pathophysiology obesity (trimethylamine N-oxide, hormones, cytokines, measures intestinal barrier integrity) were assessed. We then determined whether clinical outcomes could be predicted by fecal microbiota features or mechanistic biomarkers.AX enhanced satiety after meal decreased homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), while MCC reduced tumor necrosis factor-α calprotectin. Machine learning models on bacterial taxa utilized AX, as identified bioorthogonal non-canonical amino acid tagging. Reductions HOMA-IR calprotectin associated shifts bile acids, correlations negative, suggesting benefits may not mediated their pools. Biomarkers often linked metabolites derived from fermentation (short-chain fatty acids) affected AX supplementation when compared non-accessible MCC.This study demonstrates efficacy purified dietary fibers used supplements suggests satietogenic ferment utilize breakdown products. Other are likely microbiome independent. The findings provide basis for fiber-type specific therapeutic applications personalization.Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02322112 , registered July 3, 2015. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

Microbiome risk profiles as biomarkers for inflammatory and metabolic disorders DOI
Amira Metwaly, Sandra Reitmeier, Dirk Haller

et al.

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. 383 - 397

Published: Feb. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

171
The gut microbiota in obesity and weight management: microbes as friends or foe? DOI
Matthias Van Hul, Patrice D. Cani

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. 258 - 271

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

162
Key determinants of success in fecal microbiota transplantation: From microbiome to clinic DOI Creative Commons
Serena Porcari, Nicolas Benech, Mireia Valles‐Colomer

et al.

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 712 - 733

Published: May 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

129
Pathogenesis and treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and its fibrosis DOI Creative Commons
Kuei‐Chuan Lee, Pei-Shan Wu, Han‐Chieh Lin

et al.

Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 77 - 98

Published: Oct. 13, 2022

The initial presentation of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is hepatic steatosis. dysfunction lipid metabolism within hepatocytes caused by genetic factors, diet, and insulin resistance causes accumulation. Lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress would further contribute to hepatocyte injury death, leading inflammation immune in the liver. During healing process, accumulation an excessive amount fibrosis might occur while healing. development NASH liver fibrosis, gut-liver axis, adipose-liver renin-angiotensin system (RAS) may be dysregulated impaired. Translocation bacteria or its end-products entering could activate hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, stellate exacerbating steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis. Bile acids regulate glucose through Farnesoid X receptors intestine. Increased adipose tissue-derived non-esterified fatty aggravate leptin also plays a role fibrogenesis, decreased adiponectin resistance. Moreover, dysregulation peroxisome proliferator-activated liver, adipose, muscle tissues impair metabolism. In addition, RAS acid metabolism, treatment includes lifestyle modification, pharmacological therapy, non-pharmacological therapy. Currently, weight reduction modification surgery most effective However, vitamin E, pioglitazone, obeticholic have been suggested. this review, we will introduce some new clinical trials experimental therapies for related

Language: Английский

Citations

114
Transferable Immunoglobulin A–Coated Odoribacter splanchnicus in Responders to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Ulcerative Colitis Limits Colonic Inflammation DOI Creative Commons

Svetlana Lima,

Lasha Gogokhia,

Monica Viladomiu

et al.

Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 162(1), P. 166 - 178

Published: Oct. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

107
Diet-gut microbiota-epigenetics in metabolic diseases: From mechanisms to therapeutics DOI Open Access
Dan Li, Yujuan Li, Shengjie Yang

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 113290 - 113290

Published: June 17, 2022

The prevalence of metabolic diseases, including obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a severe burden in human society owing to the ensuing high morbidity mortality. Various factors linked disorders, particularly environmental (such as diet gut microbiota) epigenetic modifications, contribute progression diseases. Dietary components habits regulate alterations microbiota; turn, microbiota-derived metabolites, such short-chain acids (SCFAs), are influenced by diet. Interestingly, diet-derived microbial metabolites appear produce substrates enzymatic regulators for modifications DNA methylation, histone non-coding RNA expression). Epigenetic changes mediated participate disorders via intestinal permeability, immune responses, inflammatory reactions, insulin resistance. In addition, can trigger responses microbiota dysbiosis directly binding G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Hence, diet-gut microbiota-epigenetics may play role However, their complex relationships with diseases remain largely unknown require further investigation. This review aimed elaborate on interactions among diet, microbiota, epigenetics uncover mechanisms therapeutics

Language: Английский

Citations

101
Dietary regulation in health and disease DOI Creative Commons
Qi Wu,

Zhijie Gao,

Xin Yu

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 23, 2022

Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan delaying ageing various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate human. It emerges develop precision-nutrition therapeutics slow age-related biological processes treat diverse diseases. However, nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals well organs tissues, which brings challenges this field. In review, we summarize different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed improvement disease treatment pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, metabolism pathways, epigenetic circadian clocks. Comparably, describe diet-responsive effectors by influence endocrinic, immunological, microbial neural states responsible improving health preventing multiple diseases humans. Furthermore, expatiate patterns dietotheroapies, fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic high-fibre plants-based protein restriction diet with specific reduction amino acids microelements, potentially affecting morbid states. Altogether, emphasize profound nutritional therapy, highlight crosstalk explored critical factors individualized therapeutic approaches predictors.

Language: Английский

Citations

101
The role of diet in shaping human gut microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Emanuele Rinninella,

Ege Tohumcu,

Pauline Raoul

et al.

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62-63, P. 101828 - 101828

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Gut microbiota plays a fundamental role within human health, and exerts key functions the body. Diet is one of most powerful modulators gut composition. This complex interplay involves also immune system intestinal barrier, highlighting central diet in pathogenesis treatment multiple diseases. In this review article we will paint landscape effects specific dietary nutrients, detrimental or beneficial outcomes different patterns, on composition microbiota. Moreover, discuss potential application as therapeutic modulator microbiota, including cutting-edge ways exploitation, use components adjuvants to promote microbial engraftment after fecal transplantation, personalized nutritional approaches, targeted patient microbiome.

Language: Английский

Citations

87
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as New Therapeutic Avenue for Human Diseases DOI Open Access
Manuele Biazzo, Gabriele Deidda

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(14), P. 4119 - 4119

Published: July 15, 2022

The human body is home to a variety of micro-organisms. Most these microbial communities reside in the gut and are referred as microbiota. Over last decades, compelling evidence showed that number pathologies associated with microbiota dysbiosis, thereby suggesting reinstatement physiological microflora balance composition might ameliorate clinical symptoms. Among possible microbiota-targeted interventions, pre/pro-biotics supplementations were shown provide effective results, but main limitation remains limited species available probiotics. Differently, fecal transplantation involves solution matter from donor into intestinal tract recipient order directly change recipient’s aiming confer health benefit. Firstly used 4th century traditional Chinese medicine, nowadays, it has been exploited so far treat recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections, accumulating data coming trials clearly indicate may also carry therapeutic potential for other conditions ranging gastrointestinal liver diseases, cancer inflammatory, infectious, autoimmune diseases brain disorders, obesity, metabolic syndrome. In this review, we will summarize commonly preparation delivery methods, comprehensively review obtained different discuss variability results pivotal importance selection. final aim stimulate discussion open new perspectives among experts use not only infection one first strategies be conditions.

Language: Английский

Citations

84
Health improvements of type 2 diabetic patients through diet and diet plus fecal microbiota transplantation DOI Creative Commons

Lili Su,

Zhifan Hong,

Tong Zhou

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health problem, and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated in the emergence of T2D humans. Dietary interventions can indirectly influence status patients with type through their modulatory effects on intestinal microbiota. In recent years, fecal transplantation becoming familiar as new medical treatment that rapidly improve health. We conducted 90-day controlled open-label trial to evaluate improvement ability specially designed diet, diet combined (FMT). According our study, both plus FMT treatments showed great potential controlling blood glucose pressure levels. Sequencing V4 region 16S rRNA gene Illumina MiniSeq platform revealed shift microbial community patients, changes were also observed response treatments. changed more quickly than diet. Beneficial bacterium, such Bifidobacterium, increased along study was negatively correlated glucose, pressure, lipid BMI. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), Bilophila Desulfovibrio, decreased significantly after treatment, positive correlation indices. Thus, beneficial control diabetic it reverse dyslipidemia dysarteriotony.

Language: Английский

Citations

80