Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Bacteria: Key Components of the Human Gut Microbiota

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2211 - 2211

Published: May 6, 2023

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role in health and disease, as they regulate gut homeostasis their deficiency is involved the pathogenesis of several disorders, including inflammatory bowel diseases, colorectal cancer, cardiometabolic disorders. SCFAs are metabolites specific bacterial taxa human microbiota, production influenced by foods or food supplements, mainly prebiotics, direct fostering these taxa. This Review provides an overview SCFAs’ roles functions, SCFA-producing bacteria, from microbiological characteristics taxonomy to biochemical process that lead release SCFAs. Moreover, we will describe potential therapeutic approaches boost levels treat different related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Unexplored microbial diversity from 2,500 food metagenomes and links with the human microbiome

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(20), P. 5775 - 5795.e15

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Western diets and chronic diseases

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 2133 - 2147

Published: July 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiome signatures of vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets and associated health outcomes across 21,561 individuals

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 41 - 52

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Abstract As plant-based diets gain traction, interest in their impacts on the gut microbiome is growing. However, little known about diet-pattern-specific metagenomic profiles across populations. Here we considered 21,561 individuals spanning 5 independent, multinational, human cohorts to map how differences diet pattern (omnivore, vegetarian and vegan) are reflected microbiomes. Microbial distinguished these common patterns well (mean AUC = 0.85). Red meat was a strong driver of omnivore microbiomes, with corresponding signature microbes (for example, Ruminococcus torques , Bilophila wadsworthia Alistipes putredinis ) negatively correlated host cardiometabolic health. Conversely, vegan were favourable markers enriched omnivores consuming more foods. Diet-specific partially overlapped food especially dairy microbes, for Streptococcus thermophilus typical soil vegans. The signatures western can support future nutritional interventions epidemiology.

Language: Английский

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Microbial-derived imidazole propionate links the heart failure-associated microbiome alterations to disease severity

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Abstract Background Interactions between the gut microbiota, diet, and host metabolism contribute to development of cardiovascular disease, but a firm link disease-specific microbiota alterations circulating metabolites is lacking. Methods We performed shot-gun sequencing on 235 samples from 166 HF patients 69 healthy control samples. Separate plasma controls ( n = 53) were used for comparison imidazole propionate (ImP) levels. Taxonomy functional pathways shotgun data was assigned using MetaPhlAn3 HUMAnN3 pipelines. Results Here, we show that heart failure (HF) associated with specific compositional shift linked levels microbial histidine-derived metabolite ImP. Circulating ImP are elevated in chronic compared HF-related alterations. Contrary composition, provide insight into etiology severity also associate markers intestinal permeability systemic inflammation. Conclusions Our findings establish connection changes presence, etiology, HF, gut-microbially produced While appears promising as biomarker reflecting dysbiosis related further studies essential demonstrate its causal or contributing role pathogenesis. Trial registration NCT02637167, registered December 22, 2015.

Language: Английский

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Transforming the cardiometabolic disease landscape: Multimodal AI-powered approaches in prevention and management

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(4), P. 670 - 683

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Recipient microbiome-related features predicting metabolic improvement following fecal microbiota transplantation in adults with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome: a secondary analysis of a phase 2 clinical trial

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: April 29, 2024

Microbial-based therapeutics in clinical practice are of considerable interest, and a recent study demonstrated fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) followed by dietary fiber supplements improved glucose homeostasis. Previous evidence suggests that donor recipient compatibility FMT protocol key determinants, but little is known about the involvement specific factors. Using data from our randomized placebo-control phase 2 trial adults with obesity metabolic syndrome, we grouped participants received one 4 donors either supplement into HOMA-IR responders (n = 21) non-responders 8). We further assessed plasma bile acids using targeted metabolomics performed subgroup analyzes to evaluate effects parameters gastrointestinal factors on microbiota engraftment homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) response. The baseline composition at genus level recipients could predict improvements HOMA2-IR week 6 (ROC-AUC 0.70). Prevotella was identified as an important predictor, having significantly lower relative abundance than (p .02). In addition, displayed highly individualized degree donors. Compared non-responders, had increased bacterial richness (Chao1) after more consistent donor-specific bacteria ASVs (amplicon sequence variants) such Faecalibacillus intestinalis (ASV44), Roseburia spp. (ASV103), Christensenellaceae (ASV140) < .05). Microbiota strongly associated recipients' including initial gut diversity, nutrient intakes, inflammatory markers, acid derivative levels. This therapy higher rate microbes, which were correlated sensitivity improvements. Further, related determinants for responsiveness supplementation. findings provide basis development precision treatment syndrome.

Language: Английский

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The gut–immune axis during hypertension and cardiovascular diseases

Acta Physiologica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 240(8)

Published: June 20, 2024

Abstract The gut‐immune axis is a relatively novel phenomenon that provides mechanistic links between the gut microbiome and immune system. A growing body of evidence supports it key in how contributes to several diseases, including hypertension cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Evidence over past decade causal link its complications, myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, heart failure, stroke. Perturbations homeostasis such as dysbiosis (i.e., alterations microbial composition) may trigger responses lead chronic low‐grade inflammation and, ultimately, development progression these conditions. This unsurprising, harbors one largest numbers cells body, yet not entirely understood context cardiometabolic disorders. In this review, we discuss role microbiome, system, CVD, consolidate current complex interplay, whilst highlighting gaps literature. We focus on diet major modulators microbiota, explain microbial‐derived metabolites (e.g., short‐chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N ‐oxide) potential mediators communication peripheral organs heart, arteries, kidneys, brain via Finally, explore dual both they work together only contribute, but also mitigate CVD.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome interactions with different risk factors in development of myocardial infarction

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 189, P. 112409 - 112409

Published: March 27, 2024

Among all non-communicable diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) stand as the leading global cause of mortality. Within this spectrum, Myocardial Infarction (MI) strikingly accounts for over 15 % deaths. The intricate web risk factors MI, comprising family history, tobacco use, oral health, hypertension, nutritional pattern, and microbial infections, is firmly influenced by human gut microbiota, their diversity, richness, dysbiosis, along with respective metabolites. Host genetic factors, especially allelic variations in signaling inflammatory markers, greatly affect progression or severity disease. Despite established significance microbiome-nutrient-metabolite interplay associations CVDs, unexplored terrain gut-heart-oral axis has risen a critical knowledge gap. Moreover, pivotal role microbiome complex host genetics, compounded age-related changes, emerges an area vital importance development MI. In addition, distinctive disease susceptibility gender-based ancestral differences, adds crucial insights to association increased Here, we aimed provide overview on interactions (oral gut) major (tobacco alcohol consumption, diet, hypertension gender, aging) MI therapeutic regulation.

Language: Английский

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