Cortical layer–specific critical dynamics triggering perception

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 365(6453)

Published: July 18, 2019

Perceptual experiences may arise from neuronal activity patterns in mammalian neocortex. We probed mouse neocortex during visual discrimination using a red-shifted channelrhodopsin (ChRmine, discovered through structure-guided genome mining) alongside multiplexed multiphoton-holography (MultiSLM), achieving control of individually specified neurons spanning large cortical volumes with millisecond precision. Stimulating critical number stimulus-orientation-selective drove widespread recruitment functionally related neurons, process enhanced by (but not requiring) orientation-discrimination task learning. Optogenetic targeting orientation-selective ensembles elicited correct behavioral discrimination. Cortical layer-specific dynamics were apparent, as emergent asymmetrically propagated layer 2/3 to 5, and smaller 5 effective larger eliciting orientation behavior. Population emerging after optogenetic stimulation both correctly predicted behavior resembled natural internal representations stimuli at cellular resolution over cortex.

Language: Английский

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High-efficiency optogenetic silencing with soma-targeted anion-conducting channelrhodopsins

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2018

Abstract Optogenetic silencing allows time-resolved functional interrogation of defined neuronal populations. However, the limitations inhibitory optogenetic tools impose stringent constraints on experimental paradigms. The high light power requirement light-driven ion pumps and their effects intracellular homeostasis pose unique challenges, particularly in experiments that demand inhibition a widespread population vivo. Guillardia theta anion-conducting channelrhodopsins (GtACRs) are promising this regard, due to single-channel conductance favorable photon-ion stoichiometry. GtACRs show poor membrane targeting mammalian cells, activity such channels can cause transient excitation axon an excitatory chloride reversal potential compartment. Here, we address these problems by enhancing subcellular compartmentalization GtACRs. resulting soma-targeted improved photocurrents, reduced axonal sensitivity, allowing highly efficient brain.

Language: Английский

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Optogenetics for light control of biological systems

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: July 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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Targeted Activation of Hippocampal Place Cells Drives Memory-Guided Spatial Behavior

Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 183(6), P. 1586 - 1599.e10

Published: Nov. 6, 2020

The hippocampus is crucial for spatial navigation and episodic memory formation. Hippocampal place cells exhibit spatially selective activity within an environment have been proposed to form the neural basis of a cognitive map space that supports these mnemonic functions. However, direct influence cell on behavior has not yet demonstrated. Using 'all-optical' combination simultaneous two-photon calcium imaging optogenetics, we identified selectively activated encoded behaviorally relevant locations in virtual reality environment. Targeted stimulation small number was sufficient bias animals during task, providing causal evidence hippocampal actively support memory.

Language: Английский

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Single-neuron perturbations reveal feature-specific competition in V1

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 567(7748), P. 334 - 340

Published: March 6, 2019

Language: Английский

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Reciprocal Circuits Linking the Prefrontal Cortex with Dorsal and Ventral Thalamic Nuclei

Neuron, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 98(2), P. 366 - 379.e4

Published: April 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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DeepCGH: 3D computer-generated holography using deep learning

Optics Express, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 28(18), P. 26636 - 26636

Published: Aug. 17, 2020

The goal of computer-generated holography (CGH) is to synthesize custom illumination patterns by modulating a coherent light beam. CGH algorithms typically rely on iterative optimization with built-in trade-off between computation speed and hologram accuracy that limits performance in advanced applications such as optogenetic photostimulation. We introduce non-iterative algorithm, DeepCGH, relies convolutional neural network unsupervised learning compute accurate holograms fixed computational complexity. Simulations show our method generates orders magnitude faster up 41% greater than alternate techniques. Experiments holographic multiphoton microscope DeepCGH substantially enhances two-photon absorption improves photostimulation tasks without requiring additional laser power.

Language: Английский

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All-Optical Electrophysiology Reveals the Role of Lateral Inhibition in Sensory Processing in Cortical Layer 1

Cell, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 180(3), P. 521 - 535.e18

Published: Jan. 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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Probing neural codes with two-photon holographic optogenetics

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(10), P. 1356 - 1366

Published: Aug. 16, 2021

Language: Английский

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Ultrasound activates mechanosensitive TRAAK K ⁺ channels through the lipid membrane

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(6)

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Significance Ultrasound stimulation modulates the electrical activity of excitable cells, including in neurons brain and central nervous system. Compared to other neuromodulatory techniques, ultrasound offers several advantages; for example, it can be noninvasively transmitted through skull focused deep regions. However, molecular basis underlying effects on neural is not known. Here, we show that activates mechanosensitive ion channel TRAAK membrane a manner analogous canonical mechanical activation, likely by increasing tension promote opening. These results suggest channels underlie physiological responses could serve as tools acoustic neuromodulation genetically targeted cells.

Language: Английский

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