Genomic adaptation to polyphagy and insecticides in a major East Asian noctuid pest

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 1(11), P. 1747 - 1756

Published: Sept. 22, 2017

The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, is among the most widespread and destructive agricultural pests, feeding on over 100 crops throughout tropical subtropical Asia. By genome sequencing, physical mapping transcriptome analysis, we found that gene families encoding receptors for bitter or toxic substances detoxification enzymes, such as cytochrome P450, carboxylesterase glutathione-S-transferase, were massively expanded in this polyphagous species, enabling its extraordinary ability to detect detoxify many plant secondary compounds. Larval exposure insecticidal toxins induced expression of genes, knockdown representative genes using short interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced larval survival, consistent with their contribution insect's natural pesticide tolerance. A population genetics study indicated species southeast Asia by migrating along a South India-South China-Japan axis, adapting wide-ranging ecological conditions diverse host plants insecticides, surviving aid systems. findings will enable development new pest management strategies control major pests S. litura.

Language: Английский

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High-quality genome assembly of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 107, P. 53 - 62

Published: Feb. 23, 2019

In 2008, the genome assembly and gene models for domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, were published by a Japanese Chinese collaboration group. However, contains non-negligible number of misassembled gap regions due to presence many repetitive sequences within silkworm genome. The erroneous occasionally causes incorrect prediction. Here we performed hybrid based on 140 × deep sequencing long (PacBio) short (Illumina) reads. remaining gaps in initial closed using BAC Fosmid sequences, giving new total length 460.3 Mb, with 30 an N50 comprising 16.8 Mb scaffolds 12.2 contigs. More RNA-seq piRNA-seq reads mapped compared previous version, indicating that covers more transcribed regions, including elements. We prediction available mRNA protein sequence data. was 16,880 2154 bp. reflected accurate coding sets than old ones. proportion elements also reestimated assembly, calculated be 46.8% are provided SilkBase (http://silkbase.ab.a.u-tokyo.ac.jp).

Language: Английский

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Apollo: Democratizing genome annotation

PLoS Computational Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. e1006790 - e1006790

Published: Feb. 6, 2019

Genome annotation is the process of identifying location and function a genome's encoded features. Improving biological accuracy complex iterative requiring researchers to review incorporate multiple sources information such as transcriptome alignments, predictive models based on sequence profiles, comparisons features found in related organisms. Because rapidly decreasing costs are enabling an ever-growing number scientists sequencing routine laboratory technique, there widespread demand for tools that can assist deliberative analytical genomic information. To this end, we present Apollo, open source software package enables efficiently inspect refine precise structure role graphical browser-based platform. Some Apollo's newer user interface include support real-time collaboration, allowing distributed users simultaneously edit same while also instantly seeing updates made by other region manner similar Google Docs. Its technical architecture Apollo be integrated into existing analysis pipelines heterogeneous workflow platforms. Finally, consider implications applications may have how results genome research published accessible.

Language: Английский

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Invasiveness, biology, ecology, and management of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Entomologia Generalis, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(2), P. 187 - 241

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

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Molecular Evolution of the Major Arthropod Chemoreceptor Gene Families

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 64(1), P. 227 - 242

Published: Oct. 12, 2018

The evolutionary origins of the three major families chemoreceptors in arthropods-the odorant receptor (OR), gustatory (GR), and ionotropic (IR) families-occurred at base Insecta, Animalia, Protostomia, respectively. Comparison family sizes across arthropods reveals a generally positive correlation with their widely disparate complexity chemical ecology. Closely related species reveal ongoing processes gene evolution, including duplication, divergence, pseudogenization, loss, that mediate these larger patterns. Sets paralogous receptors within selection on amino acids regions likely to contribute ligand binding specificity. Ligands many ORs some GRs IRs have been identified; however, identification for more is needed, as are structures OR/GR superfamily, improve our understanding molecular evolution ecologically important arthropods.

Language: Английский

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Diversity and evolution of the P450 family in arthropods

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 127, P. 103490 - 103490

Published: Oct. 23, 2020

The P450 family (CYP genes) of arthropods encodes diverse enzymes involved in the metabolism foreign compounds and essential endocrine or ecophysiological functions. sequences (CYPome) from 40 arthropod species were manually curated, including 31 complete CYPomes, a maximum likelihood phylogeny nearly 3000 is presented. Arthropod CYPomes are assembled members six CYP clans variable size, CYP2, CYP3, CYP4 mitochondrial clans, as well CYP20 CYP16 that not found Neoptera. CYPome sizes vary two dozen genes some parasitic to over 200 collembolans ticks. comprised few families with many genes, this distribution result dynamic birth death processes. Lineage-specific expansions blooms throughout often genomic clusters appear form reservoir catalytic diversity maintained heritable units. Among P450s physiological functions, ecdysteroid metabolism. However, five so-called Halloween universally represented do constitute unique pathway biosynthesis. has only partially been uncovered date functions regulating synthesis degradation endogenous signal molecules (including ecdysteroids) semiochemicals pheromones defense chemicals) remain be discovered. Sequence extreme, lacking conserved Cys ligand heme have evolved several times. A better understanding evolution needed discern relative contributions stochastic processes adaptive shaping size CYPomes.

Language: Английский

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Biology, invasion and management of the agricultural invader: Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Journal of Integrative Agriculture, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 646 - 663

Published: Feb. 16, 2021

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is native to the Americas. It has rapidly invaded 47 African countries and 18 Asian since first detection of invasion into Nigeria Ghana in 2016. regarded as a super pest based on its host range (at least 353 plants), inherent ability survive wide habitats, strong migration ability, high fecundity, rapid development resistance insecticides/viruses gluttonous characteristics. inherently superior biological characteristics FAW contribute invasiveness. Integrated management (IPM) relied multiple applications monitoring scouting, agricultural control, chemical pesticides, viral insecticides, sex attractants, bio-control agents (parasitoids, predators entomopathogens) botanicals. Knowledge gaps remain be filled to: (1) understand invasive mechanisms S. frugiperda; (2) how prevent further spread (3) provide better strategies. This review summarizes characters FAW, their association with invasiveness IPM strategies, which may insights for future management.

Language: Английский

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Genetic structure and insecticide resistance characteristics of fall armyworm populations invading China

Molecular Ecology Resources, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 1682 - 1696

Published: July 3, 2020

Abstract The rapid wide‐scale spread of fall armyworm ( Spodoptera frugiperda ) has caused serious crop losses globally. However, differences in the genetic background subpopulations and mechanisms adaptation behind invasion are still not well understood. Here we report assembly a 390.38‐Mb chromosome‐level genome derived from south‐central Africa using Pacific Bioscience (PacBio) Hi‐C sequencing technologies, with scaffold N50 12.9 Mb containing 22,260 annotated protein‐coding genes. Genome‐wide resequencing 103 samples strain identification were conducted to reveal populations China. Analysis genes related pesticide‐ Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) resistance showed that risk developing conventional pesticides is very high. Laboratory bioassay results insects invading China carry organophosphate pyrethroid pesticides, but sensitive genetically modified maize expressing Bt toxin Cry1Ab field experiments. Additionally, two mitochondrial fragments found be inserted into nuclear genome, insertion event occurring after differentiation strains. This study represents valuable advance toward improving management strategies for armyworm.

Language: Английский

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Spodoptera frugiperda: Ecology, Evolution, and Management Options of an Invasive Species

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 299 - 317

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a well-known agricultural pest in its native range, North and South America, has become major invasive around the globe past decade. In this review, we provide an overview to update what known about S. geographic ranges. This followed by discussion of studies from invaded areas gain insights into frugiperda's ecology, specifically reproductive biology, host plant use, status insecticide resistance alleles, biocontrol methods regions. We show that reference strains uninformative populations because multidirectional introduction events likely underpinned recent rapid spread. Given genomic analyses FAW much more diverse than was previously assumed, natural selection forces differ geographically, region-specific approaches will be needed control global pest.

Language: Английский

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Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes

Insects, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 544 - 544

Published: June 11, 2021

The genus Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) includes species that are among the most important crop pests in world. These polyphagous able to feed on many plants, including corn, rice and cotton. In addition their ability adapt toxic compounds produced by they have developed resistance chemical insecticides used for control. One of main mechanisms insects become resistant involves detoxification enzymes. this review, we illustrate some examples role major families enzymes such as cytochromes P450, carboxyl/cholinesterases, glutathione S-transferases (GST) transporters ATP-binding cassette (ABC) insecticide resistance. We compare available data four species, exigua, S. frugiperda, littoralis litura. Molecular underlying involvement these genes will be described, duplication CYP9A cluster, over-expression GST epsilon or point mutations acetylcholinesterase ABCC2. This review is not intended exhaustive but highlight key roles certain genes.

Language: Английский

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